Ethambutol Hydrochloride
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MedKoo CAT#: 317792

CAS#: 1070-11-7

Description: Ethambutol Hydrochloride is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug used to treat tuberculosis. It is usually part of a wider treatment of drugs that include rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and isoniazid. Ethambutol hydrochloride is an antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect.


Chemical Structure

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Ethambutol Hydrochloride
CAS# 1070-11-7

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 317792
Name: Ethambutol Hydrochloride
CAS#: 1070-11-7
Chemical Formula: C10H26Cl2N2O2
Exact Mass: 0.00
Molecular Weight: 277.230
Elemental Analysis: C, 43.32; H, 9.45; Cl, 25.58; N, 10.10; O, 11.54

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
5g USD 250 2 weeks
25g USD 450 2 weeks
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Synonym: Ethambutol Hydrochloride; CHEBI:4878; Ethambutol HCL; (+)-ethambutol dihydrochloride; (+)-(S,S)-ethambutol dihydrochloride; OR063209; Miambutol; Myambutol; EMB Fatol; EMB Hefa; EMB-Fatol; EMB-Hefa;

IUPAC/Chemical Name: [(2S)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-[2-[[(2S)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]azaniumyl]ethyl]azanium;dichloride

InChi Key: AUAHHJJRFHRVPV-BZDVOYDHSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C10H24N2O2.2ClH/c1-3-9(7-13)11-5-6-12-10(4-2)8-14;;/h9-14H,3-8H2,1-2H3;2*1H/t9-,10-;;/m0../s1

SMILES Code: CC[C@@H](CO)[NH2+]CC[NH2+][C@@H](CC)CO.[Cl-].[Cl-]

Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder.

Purity: >97% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO, not in water

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:

Biological target:
In vitro activity:
In vivo activity:

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 277.23 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
In vitro protocol:
In vivo protocol:

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1: El-Ridy MS, Yehia SA, Kassem MA, Mostafa DM, Nasr EA, Asfour MH. Niosomal
encapsulation of ethambutol hydrochloride for increasing its efficacy and safety.
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Dec 20. PubMed PMID: 24359403.

2: Chellini PR, Lages EB, Franco PH, Nogueira FH, César IC, Pianetti GA.
Development and Validation of an HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of
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3: Wang HF, Wang R, O'Gorman M, Crownover P, Naqvi A, Jafri I. Bioequivalence of
fixed-dose combination Myrin®-P Forte and reference drugs in loose combination.
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PubMed PMID: 24200275.

4: Bakayoko AS, Kaloga M, Kamagate M, Kone Z, Daix AT, Ohui E, Gbery I, Domoua K.
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dissolution of ethambutol hydrochloride in fixed dose combinations for
antituberculosis drugs by high performance liquid chromatography with pre-column
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6: Lee SY, Jang H, Lee JY, Kwon KI, Oh SJ, Kim SK. Inhibition of cytochrome P450
by ethambutol in human liver microsomes. Toxicol Lett. 2014 Aug 17;229(1):33-40.
doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.06.006. Epub 2014 Jun 5. PubMed PMID: 24910189.

7: Yan M, Guo T, Song H, Zhao Q, Sui Y. Determination of ethambutol hydrochloride
in the combination tablets by precolumn derivatization. J Chromatogr Sci. 2007
May-Jun;45(5):269-72. PubMed PMID: 17555635.

8: Veríssimo LM, Cabral AM, Veiga FJ, Almeida SF, Ramos ML, Burrows HD, Esteso
MA, Ribeiro AC. Transport properties in aqueous ethambutol dihydrochloride. Int J
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9: Tan HS, Gerlach ED, Dimattio AS. Sensitive assay procedure for ethambutol
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10: Yen YF, Chung MS, Hu HY, Lai YJ, Huang LY, Lin YS, Chou P, Deng CY.
Association of pulmonary tuberculosis and ethambutol with incident depressive
disorder: a nationwide, population-based cohort study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015
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11: Ragonese R, Macka M, Hughes J, Petocz P. The use of the Box-Behnken
experimental design in the optimisation and robustness testing of a capillary
electrophoresis method for the analysis of ethambutol hydrochloride in a
pharmaceutical formulation. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2002 Mar 1;27(6):995-1007.
PubMed PMID: 11836062.

12: Shingbal DM, Naik SD. Colorimetric determination of ethambutol hydrochloride.
J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1982 Jul;65(4):899-900. PubMed PMID: 7118796.

13: Ahmad MI, Nakpheng T, Srichana T. The safety of ethambutol dihydrochloride
dry powder formulations containing chitosan for the possibility of treating lung
tuberculosis. Inhal Toxicol. 2014 Dec;26(14):908-17. doi:
10.3109/08958378.2014.975875. PubMed PMID: 25472479.

14: Mukherjee A, Velpandian T, Singla M, Kanhiya K, Kabra SK, Lodha R.
Pharmacokinetics of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in Indian
children. BMC Infect Dis. 2015 Mar 14;15:126. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-0862-7.
PubMed PMID: 25887748; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4373095.

15: He L, Wang X, Cui P, Jin J, Chen J, Zhang W, Zhang Y. ubiA (Rv3806c) encoding
DPPR synthase involved in cell wall synthesis is associated with ethambutol
resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2015
Mar;95(2):149-54. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2014.12.002. Epub 2014 Dec 13. PubMed PMID:
25547657.

16: Moure R, Español M, Tudó G, Vicente E, Coll P, Gonzalez-Martin J, Mick V,
Salvadó M, Alcaide F. Characterization of the embB gene in Mycobacterium
tuberculosis isolates from Barcelona and rapid detection of main mutations
related to ethambutol resistance using a low-density DNA array. J Antimicrob
Chemother. 2014 Apr;69(4):947-54. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkt448. Epub 2013 Nov 11.
PubMed PMID: 24216765.

17: Evaluation of a new antituberculous agent. Ethambutol hydrochloride
(Myambutol). JAMA. 1969 Jun 30;208(13):2463-4. PubMed PMID: 4977611.

18: Ethambutol hydrochloride (myambutol). Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1968 May
31;10(11):41-2. PubMed PMID: 5656613.

19: P Brock A, Isaza R, Egelund EF, Hunter RP, Peloquin CA. The pharmacokinetics
of a single oral or rectal dose of concurrently administered isoniazid, rifampin,
pyrazinamide, and ethambutol in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). J Vet
Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Oct;37(5):472-9. doi: 10.1111/jvp.12119. Epub 2014 Mar 29.
PubMed PMID: 24684601.

20: Levy M, Rigaudière F, de Lauzanne A, Koehl B, Melki I, Lorrot M, Faye A.
Ethambutol-related impaired visual function in childrens less than 5 years of age
treated for a mycobacterial infection: diagnosis and evolution. Pediatr Infect
Dis J. 2015 Apr;34(4):346-50. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000589. PubMed PMID:
25764095.