WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.
MedKoo CAT#: 317127
CAS#: 12758-40-6
Description: Propagermanium (INN), also known by a variety of other names including bis(2-carboxyethylgermanium) sesquioxide and 2-carboxyethylgermasesquioxane, is an organometallic compound of germanium that is sold as an alternative medicine. It is a polymeric compound with the formula ((HOOCCH2CH2Ge)2O3)n.
MedKoo Cat#: 317127
Name: Propagermanium
CAS#: 12758-40-6
Chemical Formula: C6H10Ge2O7
Exact Mass: 341.88501
Molecular Weight: 339.4
Elemental Analysis: C, 21.23; H, 2.97; Ge, 42.80; O, 33.00
Related CAS #: 12758-40-6 126595-07-1
Synonym: proxigermanium; Ge-132; germanium sesquioxide; 2-carboxyethylgermasesquioxane; SK-818; bis(2-carboxyethylgermanium) sesquioxide
IUPAC/Chemical Name: 3-[(2-Carboxyethyl-oxogermyl)oxy-oxogermyl]propanoic acid
InChi Key: XEABSBMNTNXEJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/C6H10Ge2O7/c9-5(10)1-3-7(13)15-8(14)4-2-6(11)12/h1-4H2,(H,9,10)(H,11,12)
SMILES Code: O=C(O)CC[Ge](O[Ge](CCC(O)=O)=O)=O
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 339.4 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 1.15 mL | 5.76 mL | 11.51 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.23 mL | 1.15 mL | 2.3 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.12 mL | 0.58 mL | 1.15 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.02 mL | 0.12 mL | 0.23 mL |
1: Mizuno N, Nishibori E, Oka M, Jomori T, Takata M, Kumasaka T. Structural Basis for Polymer Packing and Solvation Properties of the Organogermanium Crystalline Polymer Propagermanium and Its Derivatives. J Pharm Sci. 2015 Aug;104(8):2482-8. doi: 10.1002/jps.24486. Epub 2015 Jun 2. PubMed PMID: 26037234.
2: Tsutsumi Y, Tanaka J, Kanamori H, Musashi M, Minami H, Fukushima A, Yamato H, Ehira N, Kawamura T, Obara S, Ogura N, Asaka M, Imamura M, Masauzi N. Effectiveness of propagermanium treatment in multiple myeloma patients. Eur J Haematol. 2004 Dec;73(6):397-401. PubMed PMID: 15522060.
3: Hirayama C, Suzuki H, Ito M, Okumura M, Oda T. Propagermanium: a nonspecific immune modulator for chronic hepatitis B. J Gastroenterol. 2003;38(6):525-32. Review. PubMed PMID: 12825127.
4: Shimokawa H, Eto Y, Miyata K, Morishige K, Kandabashi T, Matsushima K, Takeshita A. Propagermanium suppresses macrophage-mediated formation of coronary arteriosclerotic lesions in pigs in vivo. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2003 Mar;41(3):372-80. PubMed PMID: 12605015.
5: Eto Y, Shimokawa H, Tanaka E, Morishige K, Fuchigami M, Ishiwata Y, Matsushima K, Takeshita A. Long-term treatment with propagermanium suppresses atherosclerosis in WHHL rabbits. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2003 Feb;41(2):171-7. PubMed PMID: 12548076.
6: Yamashita T, Kawashima S, Ozaki M, Namiki M, Inoue N, Hirata K, Yokoyama M. Propagermanium reduces atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice via inhibition of macrophage infiltration. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2002 Jun 1;22(6):969-74. PubMed PMID: 12067906.
7: Yokochi S, Hashimoto H, Ishiwata Y, Shimokawa H, Haino M, Terashima Y, Matsushima K. An anti-inflammatory drug, propagermanium, may target GPI-anchored proteins associated with an MCP-1 receptor, CCR2. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2001 Jun;21(6):389-98. PubMed PMID: 11440636.
8: Ishiwata Y, Yokochi S, Hashimoto H, Ninomiya F, Suzuki T. Protection against concanavalin A-induced murine liver injury by the organic germanium compound, propagermanium. Scand J Immunol. 1998 Dec;48(6):605-14. PubMed PMID: 9874494.
9: Yokochi S, Ishiwata Y, Hashimoto H, Ninomiya F, Suzuki T. Hepatoprotective effect of propagermanium on Corynebacterium parvum and lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in mice. Scand J Immunol. 1998 Aug;48(2):183-91. PubMed PMID: 9716110.
10: Asano K, Yamano M, Haruyama K, Ikawa E, Nakano K, Kurono M, Wada O. Influence of propagermanium (SK-818) on chemically induced renal lesions in rats. J Toxicol Sci. 1994 Oct;19 Suppl 2:131-43. PubMed PMID: 7830283.
The compound was first synthesized in 1967 at the Asai Germanium Research Institute in Japan. It is a water-soluble organogermanium compound used as raw material in health foods. The compound displays low toxicity in studies with rats.
