Otenzepad
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MedKoo CAT#: 591289

CAS#: 102394-31-0

Description: Otenzepad, also known as AF-DX 116, is a selective M2 antagonist. Oral AF-DX 116 resulted in greater elevation of DBP than SBP in unstressed rats. In stressed rats, greater and more prolonged elevation of SBP than in unstressed rats was noted, particularly at higher doses. he effects of AF-DX 116 on blood pressure and heart rate thus may arise from peripheral action and AF-DX 116 may be useful for treating hypotension related to autonomic imbalance of the vagotonia type.

Chemical Structure

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Otenzepad
CAS# 102394-31-0
Product data Instruction

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 591289
Name: Otenzepad
CAS#: 102394-31-0
Chemical Formula: C24H31N5O2
Exact Mass: 421.25
Molecular Weight: 421.545
Elemental Analysis: C, 68.38; H, 7.41; N, 16.61; O, 7.59

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
25mg USD 750 2 Weeks
50mg USD 1250 2 Weeks
100mg USD 2050 2 Weeks
200mg USD 3650 2 Weeks
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Synonym: Otenzepad; AF-DX 116; AF-DX-116; AF-DX116;

IUPAC/Chemical Name: 6H-Pyrido(2,3-b)(1,4)benzodiazepin-6-one, 11-((2-((diethylamino)methyl)-1-piperidinyl)acetyl)-5,11-dihydro-

InChi Key: UBRKDAVQCKZSPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C24H31N5O2/c1-3-27(4-2)16-18-10-7-8-15-28(18)17-22(30)29-21-13-6-5-11-19(21)24(31)26-20-12-9-14-25-23(20)29/h5-6,9,11-14,18H,3-4,7-8,10,15-17H2,1-2H3,(H,26,31)

SMILES Code: O=C[4]NC[2]=CC=CN=C@3N(C(CN[20]C(CN(CC)CC)CCCC@20)=O)C[6]=CC=CC=C(@5)@7

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:

Product Data:
Product Data
Instruction:
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Biological target: Otenzepad (AF-DX 116) is a selective and competitive M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.
In vitro activity: This study investigated the effect of the mAChR agonist carbachol (CCh) and various mAChR antagonists in human cortical slices (from tissue removed during neurosurgical treatment of epilepsy) by intracellular and extracellular recordings. AF-DX 116 prevented the CCh-induced depression of evoked EPSP when applied before CCh. CCh also depressed GABAergic transmission and this effect was antagonised by AF-DX 116. Reference: Neuroscience. 2012 Oct 25;223:399-411. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22863677/
In vivo activity: The present study examined the effect of systemic post-training administration of the acetylcholine muscarinic M2 receptor antagonist AF-DX 116 on the acquisition of two 8-arm radial maze tasks. AF-DX 116 (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) significantly improved win-stay acquisition relative to vehicle-injected controls. AF-DX 116 (2.0 mg/kg) significantly improved retention relative to vehicle controls. The results demonstrate that post-training injection of the selective M2 receptor antagonist AF-DX 116 improves memory in a time-dependent manner. Reference: Brain Res. 1990 Jul 30;524(1):72-6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2400933/

Solubility Data

Solvent Max Conc. mg/mL Max Conc. mM
Solubility
DMSO 25.0 59.31

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 421.55 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol: 1. Gigout S, Wierschke S, Lehmann TN, Horn P, Dehnicke C, Deisz RA. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated effects in slices from human epileptogenic cortex. Neuroscience. 2012 Oct 25;223:399-411. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.07.044. Epub 2012 Jul 31. PMID: 22863677. 2. Kopf SR, Boccia MM, Baratti CM. AF-DX 116, a presynaptic muscarinic receptor antagonist, potentiates the effects of glucose and reverses the effects of insulin on memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 1998 Nov;70(3):305-13. doi: 10.1006/nlme.1998.3855. PMID: 9774523. 3. Packard MG, Regenold W, Quirion R, White NM. Post-training injection of the acetylcholine M2 receptor antagonist AF-DX 116 improves memory. Brain Res. 1990 Jul 30;524(1):72-6. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(90)90493-u. PMID: 2400933.
In vitro protocol: 1. Gigout S, Wierschke S, Lehmann TN, Horn P, Dehnicke C, Deisz RA. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated effects in slices from human epileptogenic cortex. Neuroscience. 2012 Oct 25;223:399-411. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.07.044. Epub 2012 Jul 31. PMID: 22863677.
In vivo protocol: 1. Kopf SR, Boccia MM, Baratti CM. AF-DX 116, a presynaptic muscarinic receptor antagonist, potentiates the effects of glucose and reverses the effects of insulin on memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 1998 Nov;70(3):305-13. doi: 10.1006/nlme.1998.3855. PMID: 9774523. 2. Packard MG, Regenold W, Quirion R, White NM. Post-training injection of the acetylcholine M2 receptor antagonist AF-DX 116 improves memory. Brain Res. 1990 Jul 30;524(1):72-6. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(90)90493-u. PMID: 2400933.

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1: Sahin L, Cevik OS, Koyuncu DD, Buyukafsar K. Role of rho-kinase (ROCK) in tonic but not phasic contraction in the frog stomach smooth muscle. Life Sci. 2018 Apr 1;198:46-55. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.02.023. Epub 2018 Feb 15. PubMed PMID: 29455004.

2: Leaderbrand K, Chen HJ, Corcoran KA, Guedea AL, Jovasevic V, Wess J, Radulovic J. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors act in synergy to facilitate learning and memory. Learn Mem. 2016 Oct 17;23(11):631-638. doi: 10.1101/lm.043133.116. Print 2016 Nov. PubMed PMID: 27918283; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5066603.

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6: Arrighi N, Bodei S, Zani D, Michel MC, Simeone C, Cosciani Cunico S, Spano P, Sigala S. Different muscarinic receptor subtypes modulate proliferation of primary human detrusor smooth muscle cells via Akt/PI3K and map kinases. Pharmacol Res. 2013 Aug;74:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.04.007. Epub 2013 Apr 28. PubMed PMID: 23628881.

7: Brown SM, Koarai A, Sturton RG, Nicholson AG, Barnes PJ, Donnelly LE. A role for M(2) and M(3) muscarinic receptors in the contraction of rat and human small airways. Eur J Pharmacol. 2013 Feb 28;702(1-3):109-15. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.054. Epub 2013 Feb 8. PubMed PMID: 23396230.

8: Gigout S, Wierschke S, Lehmann TN, Horn P, Dehnicke C, Deisz RA. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated effects in slices from human epileptogenic cortex. Neuroscience. 2012 Oct 25;223:399-411. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.07.044. Epub 2012 Jul 31. PubMed PMID: 22863677.

9: Choisy SC, James AF, Hancox JC. Acute desensitization of acetylcholine and endothelin-1 activated inward rectifier K+ current in myocytes from the cardiac atrioventricular node. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Jul 6;423(3):496-502. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.05.148. Epub 2012 Jun 5. PubMed PMID: 22683635; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3400056.

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11: Shahab N, Kajioka S, Seki N, Naito S. Functional role of muscarinic receptor subtypes in calcium sensitization and their contribution to rho-kinase and protein kinase C pathways in contraction of human detrusor smooth muscle. Urology. 2012 May;79(5):1184.e7-13. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.11.047. PubMed PMID: 22546411.

12: Semenov I, Wang B, Herlihy JT, Brenner R. BK channel β1 subunits regulate airway contraction secondary to M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediated depolarization. J Physiol. 2011 Apr 1;589(Pt 7):1803-17. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.204347. Epub 2011 Feb 7. PubMed PMID: 21300746; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3099031.

13: Yoshida A, Kageyama A, Fujino T, Nozawa Y, Yamada S. Loss of muscarinic and purinergic receptors in urinary bladder of rats with hydrochloric acid-induced cystitis. Urology. 2010 Oct;76(4):1017.e7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.05.012. Epub 2010 Aug 16. PubMed PMID: 20719367.

14: Pratt WE, Blackstone K. Nucleus accumbens acetylcholine and food intake: decreased muscarinic tone reduces feeding but not food-seeking. Behav Brain Res. 2009 Mar 2;198(1):252-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.11.008. Epub 2008 Nov 11. PubMed PMID: 19041901.

15: Ragozzino ME, Mohler EG, Prior M, Palencia CA, Rozman S. Acetylcholine activity in selective striatal regions supports behavioral flexibility. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2009 Jan;91(1):13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2008.09.008. Epub 2008 Oct 26. PubMed PMID: 18845266; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2697126.

16: Endoh T. Muscarinic M2 receptor inhibition of calcium current in rat nucleus tractus solitarius. Neuroreport. 2007 Jul 16;18(11):1141-5. PubMed PMID: 17589315.

17: Griffin MT, Figueroa KW, Liller S, Ehlert FJ. Estimation of agonist activity at G protein-coupled receptors: analysis of M2 muscarinic receptor signaling through Gi/o,Gs, and G15. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jun;321(3):1193-207. Epub 2007 Mar 28. PubMed PMID: 17392404.

18: Pfeiffer JB, Mevissen M, Steiner A, Portier CJ, Meylan M. In vitro effects of bethanechol on specimens of intestinal smooth muscle obtained from the duodenum and jejunum of healthy dairy cows. Am J Vet Res. 2007 Mar;68(3):313-22. PubMed PMID: 17331022; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2739133.

19: McGowan SE. Vitamin A deficiency increases airway resistance following C-fiber stimulation. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2007 Aug 1;157(2-3):281-9. Epub 2007 Jan 30. PubMed PMID: 17321224; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5325692.

20: Nouchi H, Kaeriyama S, Muramatsu A, Sato M, Hirose K, Shimizu N, Tanaka H, Shigenobu K. Muscarinic receptor subtypes mediating positive and negative inotropy in the developing chick ventricle. J Pharmacol Sci. 2007 Jan;103(1):75-82. Epub 2007 Jan 13. PubMed PMID: 17220593.