TBHQ
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MedKoo CAT#: 555106

CAS#: 1948-33-0

Description: TBHQ, also known as tert-Butylhydroquinone, is an aromatic organic compound which is a type of phenol. It is a derivative of hydroquinone, substituted with a tert-butyl group. In foods, TBHQ is used as a preservative for unsaturated vegetable oils and many edible animal fats. It does not cause discoloration even in the presence of iron, and does not change flavor or odor of the material to which it is added. It can be combined with other preservatives such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). As a food additive, its E number is E319. It is added to a wide range of foods, with the highest limit (1 gram/kg) permitted for frozen fish and fish products. Its primary advantage is extending storage life.


Chemical Structure

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TBHQ
CAS# 1948-33-0

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 555106
Name: TBHQ
CAS#: 1948-33-0
Chemical Formula: C10H14O2
Exact Mass: 166.10
Molecular Weight: 166.220
Elemental Analysis: C, 72.26; H, 8.49; O, 19.25

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
10g USD 150 2 weeks
100g USD 250 2 weeks
500g USD 450 2 weeks
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Synonym: TBHQ; tert-Butylhydroquinone;

IUPAC/Chemical Name: 2-(tert-butyl)benzene-1,4-diol

InChi Key: BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C10H14O2/c1-10(2,3)8-6-7(11)4-5-9(8)12/h4-6,11-12H,1-3H3

SMILES Code: OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:

Biological target:
In vitro activity:
In vivo activity:

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 166.22 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
In vitro protocol:
In vivo protocol:

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1: Bavol D, Economou A, Zima J, Barek J, Dejmkova H. Simultaneous determination of tert-butylhydroquinone, propyl gallate, and butylated hydroxyanisole by flow-injection analysis with multiple-pulse amperometric detection. Talanta. 2018 Feb 1;178:231-236. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.09.032. Epub 2017 Sep 12. PubMed PMID: 29136816.

2: Li J, Bi Y, Yang H, Wang D. Antioxidative Properties and Interconversion of tert-Butylhydroquinone and tert-Butylquinone in Soybean Oils. J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Dec 6;65(48):10598-10603. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04517. Epub 2017 Nov 21. PubMed PMID: 29129059.

3: Takeda M, Oyama K, Kamemura N, Kanemaru K, Yuasa K, Yokoigawa K, Oyama Y. Change in plasma membrane potential of rat thymocytes by tert-butylhydroquinone, a food additive: Possible risk on lymphocytes. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017 Nov;109(Pt 1):296-301. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.09.017. Epub 2017 Sep 9. PubMed PMID: 28899772.

4: Bai J, Yu XJ, Liu KL, Wang FF, Li HB, Shi XL, Zhang Y, Huo CJ, Li X, Gao HL, Qi J, Liu JJ, Zhu GQ, Chen WS, Cui W, Kang YM. Tert-butylhydroquinone attenuates oxidative stress and inflammation in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in high salt-induced hypertension. Toxicol Lett. 2017 Nov 5;281:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.08.018. Epub 2017 Aug 24. PubMed PMID: 28844481.

5: Bai J, Yu XJ, Liu KL, Wang FF, Jing GX, Li HB, Zhang Y, Huo CJ, Li X, Gao HL, Qi J, Kang YM. Central administration of tert-butylhydroquinone attenuates hypertension via regulating Nrf2 signaling in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of hypertensive rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2017 Oct 15;333:100-109. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.08.012. Epub 2017 Aug 24. PubMed PMID: 28842207.

6: Danielli NM, Trevisan R, Mello DF, Fischer K, Deconto VS, Bianchini A, Bainy ACD, Dafre AL. Contrasting effects of a classic Nrf2 activator, tert-butylhydroquinone, on the glutathione-related antioxidant defenses in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas. Mar Environ Res. 2017 Sep;130:142-149. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.07.020. Epub 2017 Jul 22. PubMed PMID: 28764960.

7: Xu W, Li F, Xu Z, Sun B, Cao J, Liu Y. Tert-butylhydroquinone protects PC12 cells against ferrous sulfate-induced oxidative and inflammatory injury via the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Aug 1;273:28-36. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.05.021. Epub 2017 Jun 2. PubMed PMID: 28583816.

8: Li J, Bi Y, Sun S, Peng D. Simultaneous analysis of tert-butylhydroquinone, tert-butylquinone, butylated hydroxytoluene, 2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and δ-tocopherol in edible oils by normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Food Chem. 2017 Nov 1;234:205-211. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.176. Epub 2017 May 2. PubMed PMID: 28551227.

9: Zhou NQ, Liu N, Li P, Ping S, Peng QS, Shi WD. Tert-butylhydroquinone promotes angiogenesis and improves heart functions in rats after myocardial infarction. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2017;39(5):402-408. doi: 10.1080/10641963.2016.1259322. Epub 2017 May 23. PubMed PMID: 28534651.

10: Shintyapina AB, Vavilin VA, Safronova OG, Lyakhovich VV. The gene expression profile of a drug metabolism system and signal transduction pathways in the liver of mice treated with tert-butylhydroquinone or 3-(3'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propylthiosulfonate of sodium. PLoS One. 2017 May 3;12(5):e0176939. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176939. eCollection 2017. PubMed PMID: 28467491; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5415222.

11: Guo Y, Guo Y, Xie Y, Cheng Y, Qian H, Yao W. Regeneration of tert-butylhydroquinone by tea polyphenols. Food Res Int. 2017 May;95:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.02.009. Epub 2017 Feb 20. PubMed PMID: 28395816.

12: Tusi SK, Manesh TE, Fathollahi MS, Bagherian A. Can tert-butylhydroquinone improve the healing of extracted tooth socket in rats? Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2017 Jan-Feb;14(1):8-12. PubMed PMID: 28348611; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5356394.

13: Zagorski JW, Maser TP, Liby KT, Rockwell CE. Nrf2-Dependent and -Independent Effects of tert-Butylhydroquinone, CDDO-Im, and H(2)O(2) in Human Jurkat T Cells as Determined by CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2017 May;361(2):259-267. doi: 10.1124/jpet.116.238899. Epub 2017 Mar 9. PubMed PMID: 28280124; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5399638.

14: Monteiro TO, Tanaka AA, Damos FS, Luz RC. Photoelectrochemical determination of tert-butylhydroquinone in edible oil samples employing CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and LiTCNE. Food Chem. 2017 Jul 15;227:16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.089. Epub 2017 Jan 18. PubMed PMID: 28274417.

15: Zeng XP, Li XJ, Zhang QY, Liu QW, Li L, Xiong Y, He CX, Wang YF, Ye QF. Tert-Butylhydroquinone Protects Liver Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats Through Nrf2-Activating Anti-Oxidative Activity. Transplant Proc. 2017 Mar;49(2):366-372. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.12.008. PubMed PMID: 28219600.

16: Jin XL, Wang K, Liu L, Liu HY, Zhao FQ, Liu JX. Nuclear factor-like factor 2-antioxidant response element signaling activation by tert-butylhydroquinone attenuates acute heat stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells. J Dairy Sci. 2016 Nov;99(11):9094-9103. doi: 10.3168/jds.2016-11031. Epub 2016 Aug 31. PubMed PMID: 27592432.

17: Liu C, Li J, Bi Y, Wang X, Sun S, Yang G. Thermal Losses of Tertiary Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and Its Effect on the Qualities of Palm Oil. J Oleo Sci. 2016 Sep 1;65(9):739-48. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess16041. Epub 2016 Jul 29. PubMed PMID: 27477072.

18: Xu BC, Long HB, Luo KQ. Tert-butylhydroquinone lowers blood pressure in AngII-induced hypertension in mice via proteasome-PTEN-Akt-eNOS pathway. Sci Rep. 2016 Jul 20;6:29589. doi: 10.1038/srep29589. PubMed PMID: 27435826; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4951646.

19: Shi X, Li Y, Hu J, Yu B. Tert-butylhydroquinone attenuates the ethanol-induced apoptosis of and activates the Nrf2 antioxidant defense pathway in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Int J Mol Med. 2016 Jul;38(1):123-30. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2605. Epub 2016 May 25. PubMed PMID: 27220726; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4899004.

20: Zhang S, Tian M, Li J, Han P, Huang Q, Lyu H. [Influence of tert-butylhydroquinone on the islets function and expression of HO-1 and VEGF in retina of type 2 diabetic rats]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2016 May;52(5):373-81. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2016.05.012. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 27220712.