Indoxyl sulfate potassium
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MedKoo CAT#: 525242

CAS#: 2642-37-7 (potassium)

Description: Indoxyl sulfate is a metabolite of tryptophan, showing adverse effects on bones and the central nervous system, having been most frequently implicated as a contributor to renal disease progression and vascular disease. Note: In ChemIDplus, this product was mistakenly listed as Indican.

Chemical Structure

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Indoxyl sulfate potassium
CAS# 2642-37-7 (potassium)
Instruction

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 525242
Name: Indoxyl sulfate potassium
CAS#: 2642-37-7 (potassium)
Chemical Formula: C8H6KNO4S
Exact Mass: 213.01
Molecular Weight: 251.300
Elemental Analysis: C, 38.24; H, 2.41; K, 15.56; N, 5.57; O, 25.47; S, 12.76

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
250mg USD 285 2 Weeks
500mg USD 450 2 Weeks
1g USD 650 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #: 1346746-83-5 (d4-labeled)   487-94-5 (free acid)   79395-72-5 (sodium)   2642-37-7 (potassium)    

Synonym: Indoxyl sulfate; 3-Indoxyl sulfate; 3-Indoxylsulfuric acid; Indoxylsulfuric acid; Indoxyl sulfate potassium;

IUPAC/Chemical Name: potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate

InChi Key: MDAWATNFDJIBBD-UHFFFAOYSA-M

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C8H7NO4S.K/c10-14(11,12)13-8-5-9-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)8;/h1-5,9H,(H,10,11,12);/q;+1/p-1

SMILES Code: O=S([O-])(OC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)=O.[K+]

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:

Biological target:
In vitro activity:
In vivo activity:

Solubility Data

Solvent Max Conc. mg/mL Max Conc. mM
Solubility
DMSO 30.0 119.00
PBS (pH 7.2) 10.0 39.80

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 251.30 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
In vitro protocol:
In vivo protocol:

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3: Diaz-Ricart M. Indoxyl sulfate, a uremic trigger for platelets. Blood. 2017 May 11;129(19):2599-2600. doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-03-773218. PubMed PMID: 28495925.

4: González-Martí I, Fernández-Bustos JG, Contreras Jordán OR, Sokolova M. Muscle dysmorphia: detection of the use-abuse of anabolic adrogenic steroids in a Spanish sample. Adicciones. 2017 Apr 12;0(0):853. doi: 10.20882/adicciones.853. [Epub ahead of print] English, Spanish. PubMed PMID: 28492953.

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6: Brito JS, Borges NA, Esgalhado M, Magliano DC, Soulage CO, Mafra D. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Chronic Kidney Disease: Role of Uremic Toxins. Nephron. 2017 May 11. doi: 10.1159/000476074. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28490014.

7: Nakayama K, Saito S, Watanabe K, Miyashita H, Nishijima F, Kamo Y, Tada K, Ishizuka S, Niwa T, Iwamoto S, Shimizu H. Influence of AHRR Pro189Ala polymorphism on kidney functions. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2017 Jun;81(6):1120-1124. doi: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1292838. Epub 2017 Feb 20. PubMed PMID: 28485216.

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10: Favretto G, Souza LM, Gregório PC, Cunha RS, Maciel RAP, Sassaki GL, Toledo MG, Pecoits-Filho R, Souza WM, Stinghen AEM. Role of Organic Anion Transporters in the Uptake of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins by Human Endothelial Cells and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Expression. J Vasc Res. 2017 May 5;54(3):170-179. doi: 10.1159/000468542. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28472795.

11: Hirakawa Y, Jao TM, Inagi R. Pathophysiology and therapeutics of premature ageing in chronic kidney disease, with a focus on glycative stress. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2017 May 3. doi: 10.1111/1440-1681.12777. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28467603.

12: De Angelis M, Garruti G, Minervini F, Bonfrate L, Portincasac P, Gobbetti M. The food-gut human axis: the effects of diet on gut microbiota and metabolome. Curr Med Chem. 2017 Apr 27. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170428103848. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28462705.

13: Ali BH, Karaca T, Al Suleimani Y, Al Za'abi M, Al Kalbani J, Ashique M, Nemmar A. The effect of swimming exercise on adenine-induced kidney disease in rats, and the influence of curcumin or lisinopril thereon. PLoS One. 2017 Apr 26;12(4):e0176316. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176316. eCollection 2017. PubMed PMID: 28445490; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5405968.

14: Barreto FC, Barreto DV, Stinghen AEM, Massy ZA. Comment on Indoxyl Sulfate-Review of Toxicity and Therapeutic Strategies. Toxins 2016, 8, 358. Toxins (Basel). 2017 Apr 17;9(4). pii: E142. doi: 10.3390/toxins9040142. PubMed PMID: 28420181; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5408216.

15: Ruiz-Flores Bistuer M, Vicente Herrero MT, Lladosa Marco S, Capdevila García LM, López González ÁA. [Alcohol consumption prevalence in civil servants]. Arch Prev Riesgos Labor. 2017 Apr to Jun;20(2):111-114. doi: 10.12961/aprl.2017.20.2.04. Spanish. PubMed PMID: 28419797.

16: Guo J, Lu L, Hua Y, Huang K, Wang I, Huang L, Fu Q, Chen A, Chan P, Fan H, Liu ZM, Wang BH. Vasculopathy in the setting of cardiorenal syndrome: the roles of protein-bound uremic toxins. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2017 Apr 14:ajpheart.00787.2016. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00787.2016. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28411233.

17: Massy Z, Drueke T. Adynamic bone disease is a predominant bone pattern in early stages of chronic kidney disease. J Nephrol. 2017 Apr 12. doi: 10.1007/s40620-017-0397-7. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PubMed PMID: 28405928.

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19: Cha RH, Kang SW, Park CW, Cha DR, Na KY, Kim SG, Yoon SA, Kim S, Han SY, Park JH, Chang JH, Lim CS, Kim YS. Sustained uremic toxin control improves renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with advanced renal dysfunction: post-hoc analysis of the Kremezin Study against renal disease progression in Korea. Kidney Res Clin Pract. 2017 Mar;36(1):68-78. doi: 10.23876/j.krcp.2017.36.1.68. Epub 2017 Mar 31. PubMed PMID: 28392999; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5331977.

20: Nazzal L, Roberts J, Singh P, Jhawar S, Matalon A, Gao Z, Holzman R, Liebes L, Blaser MJ, Lowenstein J. Microbiome perturbation by oral vancomycin reduces plasma concentration of two gut-derived uremic solutes, indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate, in end-stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2017 Mar 31. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfx029. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28379433.