Caspofungin acetate
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MedKoo CAT#: 314268

CAS#: 179463-17-3 (acetate)

Description: Caspofungin acetate is a lipopeptide antifungal drug. It is a member of a new class of antifungals termed the echinocandins. It works by inhibiting the enzyme (1→3)-β-D-glucan synthase and thereby disturbing the integrity of the fungal cell wall. Caspofungin acetate for injection was originally approved by FDA in USA, and the EMEA in Europe, in 2001.

Chemical Structure

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Caspofungin acetate
CAS# 179463-17-3 (acetate)
Product data Instruction

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 314268
Name: Caspofungin acetate
CAS#: 179463-17-3 (acetate)
Chemical Formula: C56H96N10O19
Exact Mass: 0.00
Molecular Weight: 1,213.420
Elemental Analysis: C, 55.43; H, 7.97; N, 11.54; O, 25.05

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
25mg USD 150 Ready to ship
50mg USD 250 Ready to ship
100mg USD 450 Ready to ship
200mg USD 750 Ready to ship
500mg USD 1650 Ready to ship
1g USD 2950 Ready to ship
2g USD 5250 Ready to ship
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Related CAS #: 162808-62-0 (free base)   179463-17-3 (acetate)  

Synonym: L743872; L-743872; L 743872; MK 0991; MK-0991; MK0991; Caspofungin acetate; brand name: Cancidas.

IUPAC/Chemical Name: (10S,12R)-N-((2R,6S,9S,11S,12S,14aS,15S,20R,23S,25aS)-20-((R)-3-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)-12-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-23-((1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl)-2,11,15-trihydroxy-6-((R)-1-hydroxyethyl)-5,8,14,19,22,25-hexaoxotetracosahydro-1H-dipyrrolo[2,1-c:2',1'-l][1,4,7,10,13,16]hexaazacyclohenicosin-9-yl)-10,12-dimethyltetradecanamide diacetate

InChi Key: OGUJBRYAAJYXQP-AVOYSFSSSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C52H88N10O15.2C2H4O2/c1-5-28(2)24-29(3)12-10-8-6-7-9-11-13-39(69)56-34-26-38(68)46(55-22-21-54)60-50(75)43-37(67)19-23-61(43)52(77)41(36(66)18-20-53)58-49(74)42(45(71)44(70)31-14-16-32(64)17-15-31)59-48(73)35-25-33(65)27-62(35)51(76)40(30(4)63)57-47(34)72;2*1-2(3)4/h14-17,28-30,33-38,40-46,55,63-68,70-71H,5-13,18-27,53-54H2,1-4H3,(H,56,69)(H,57,72)(H,58,74)(H,59,73)(H,60,75);2*1H3,(H,3,4)/t28-,29+,30-,33-,34+,35+,36-,37+,38+,40+,41-,42+,43+,44+,45+,46+;;/m1../s1

SMILES Code: CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)CCCCCCCCC(N[C@@H]1C(N[C@@H]([C@H](O)C)C(N2[C@](C[C@@H](O)C2)([H])C(N[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C3=CC=C(O)C=C3)C(N[C@H]([C@H](O)CCN)C(N4[C@]([C@@H](O)CC4)([H])C(N[C@H](NCCN)[C@@H](O)C1)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO.

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:

Biological target: Caspofungin Acetate (MK-0991 Acetate) is an antifungal drug that noncompetitively inhibits 1,3-β-D glucan synthase activity.
In vitro activity: A sharp reduction of the metabolic activity of cells within the biofilm as assessed by the XTT reduction assay was demonstrated when preformed C. albicans 3153A biofilms were exposed to caspofungin (Fig.1). By this method, the 48-h MIC50 of caspofungin for sessile C. albicans 3153A cells within biofilms was 0.0625 μg/ml. Although complete sterility of biofilms was not achieved by treatment with caspofungin, the experiments showed a >97% reduction in the metabolic activity of sessile cells with caspofungin concentrations as low as 0.125 μg/ml. Caspofungin was also active against biofilms formed by all the C. albicans clinical isolates tested (n = 18), with MIC50s for sessile cells ranging between 0.0625 and 0.125 μg/ml, compared to fluconazole MIC50s for sessile cells of ≥64 μg/ml for all isolates. In agreement with the XTT assays, only residual metabolic activity was detected in cells within the caspofungin-treated biofilms, which showed a diffuse green fluorescence pattern characteristic of dead cells (Fig.3B). In confirmation of the SEM results, CLSM demonstrated that caspofungin treatment resulted in biofilms that were less hyphal and also showed minor distortions of the overall biofilm architecture. As shown in Fig.4, coating with caspofungin resulted in significant (up to 60%) reduction of the metabolic activity of adherent cells compared to that of cells in untreated (control) wells. Together these findings indicate that caspofungin displays potent activity against C. albicans biofilms in vitro and merits further investigation for the treatment of biofilm-associated infections. Reference: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002 Nov; 46(11): 3591–3596. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC128731/
In vivo activity: The inhibition of R. oryzae GS by CAS (caspofungin acetate ) and the discovery of an FKS homolog demonstrate that the drug target is present in this organism. CAS might be effective against R. oryzae in vivo, despite the high MIC, especially given the known constraints of MIC testing with molds (13, 29). The in vivo efficacy of CAS was tested in diabetic ketoacidotic mice infected with R. oryzae. Intravenous treatment with AMB (0.5 mg/kg b.i.d.) or CAS (0.5, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg b.i.d.) was initiated 24 h after the mice were infected with 5 × 102 or 5 × 103 spores of R. oryzae. At 0.5 mg/kg b.i.d., CAS, but not AMB, improved the survival of mice infected with 5 × 102 spores of R. oryzae compared to that of the infected untreated mice (P = 0.049) (Fig.2a). Eighty percent of the diabetic mice treated with CAS at 0.5 mg/kg/day were alive 10 days after infection, whereas 30% of the infected untreated mice were alive at that time. Surprisingly, higher doses of CAS (2.5 or 5 mg/kg b.i.d.) did not improve the rate of survival. These results indicate that CAS has significant but limited activity against R. oryzae in vivo and demonstrates an inverse dose-response effect. Reference: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Feb; 49(2): 721–727. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC547300/

Solubility Data

Solvent Max Conc. mg/mL Max Conc. mM
Solubility
DMSO 69.0 56.86
H2O 100.0 82.41

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 1,213.42 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol: 1. Bowman JC, Hicks PS, Kurtz MB, Rosen H, Schmatz DM, Liberator PA, Douglas CM. The antifungal echinocandin caspofungin acetate kills growing cells of Aspergillus fumigatus in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002 Sep;46(9):3001-12. doi: 10.1128/AAC.46.9.3001-3012.2002. PMID: 12183260; PMCID: PMC127409. 2. Bachmann SP, VandeWalle K, Ramage G, Patterson TF, Wickes BL, Graybill JR, López-Ribot JL. In vitro activity of caspofungin against Candida albicans biofilms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002 Nov;46(11):3591-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.46.11.35913596.2002. PMID: 12384370; PMCID: PMC128731.
In vitro protocol: 1. Bowman JC, Hicks PS, Kurtz MB, Rosen H, Schmatz DM, Liberator PA, Douglas CM. The antifungal echinocandin caspofungin acetate kills growing cells of Aspergillus fumigatus in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002 Sep;46(9):3001-12. doi: 10.1128/AAC.46.9.3001-3012.2002. PMID: 12183260; PMCID: PMC127409. 2. Bachmann SP, VandeWalle K, Ramage G, Patterson TF, Wickes BL, Graybill JR, López-Ribot JL. In vitro activity of caspofungin against Candida albicans biofilms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002 Nov;46(11):3591-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.46.11.35913596.2002. PMID: 12384370; PMCID: PMC128731. 3. Ibrahim AS, Bowman JC, Avanessian V, Brown K, Spellberg B, Edwards JE Jr, Douglas CM. Caspofungin inhibits Rhizopus oryzae 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase, lowers burden in brain measured by quantitative PCR, and improves survival at a low but not a high dose during murine disseminated zygomycosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Feb;49(2):721-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.49.2.721-727.2005. PMID: 15673756; PMCID: PMC547300. 4. Demirci M, Tünger Ö, Çetin ÇB, Senol Ş. Comparison of the effectiveness of caspofungin and liposomal amphotericin-B for the treatment of C. tropicalis-induced peritonitis in mice. Infez Med. 2019 Jun 1;27(2):155-158. PMID: 31205038.
In vivo protocol: 1. Ibrahim AS, Bowman JC, Avanessian V, Brown K, Spellberg B, Edwards JE Jr, Douglas CM. Caspofungin inhibits Rhizopus oryzae 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase, lowers burden in brain measured by quantitative PCR, and improves survival at a low but not a high dose during murine disseminated zygomycosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Feb;49(2):721-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.49.2.721-727.2005. PMID: 15673756; PMCID: PMC547300. 2. Demirci M, Tünger Ö, Çetin ÇB, Senol Ş. Comparison of the effectiveness of caspofungin and liposomal amphotericin-B for the treatment of C. tropicalis-induced peritonitis in mice. Infez Med. 2019 Jun 1;27(2):155-158. PMID: 31205038.

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1: Thompson GR 3rd, Soriano A, Cornely OA, Kullberg BJ, Kollef M, Vazquez J, Honore PM, Bassetti M, Pullman J, Chayakulkeeree M, Poromanski I, Dignani C, Das AF, Sandison T, Pappas PG; ReSTORE trial investigators. Rezafungin versus caspofungin for treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis (ReSTORE): a multicentre, double-blind, double-dummy, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2023 Jan 7;401(10370):49-59. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02324-8. Epub 2022 Nov 25. PMID: 36442484.


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6: Lewis JS 2nd, Wiederhold NP, Hakki M, Thompson GR 3rd. New Perspectives on Antimicrobial Agents: Isavuconazole. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2022 Sep 20;66(9):e0017722. doi: 10.1128/aac.00177-22. Epub 2022 Aug 15. PMID: 35969068; PMCID: PMC9487460.


7: Thompson GR, Soriano A, Skoutelis A, Vazquez JA, Honore PM, Horcajada JP, Spapen H, Bassetti M, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Das AF, Viani RM, Sandison T, Pappas PG. Rezafungin Versus Caspofungin in a Phase 2, Randomized, Double-blind Study for the Treatment of Candidemia and Invasive Candidiasis: The STRIVE Trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Dec 6;73(11):e3647-e3655. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1380. Erratum in: Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Aug 2;73(3):561-562. PMID: 32955088; PMCID: PMC8662762.


8: Sable CA, Nguyen BY, Chodakewitz JA, DiNubile MJ. Safety and tolerability of caspofungin acetate in the treatment of fungal infections. Transpl Infect Dis. 2002 Mar;4(1):25-30. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-3062.2002.01004.x. PMID: 12123423.


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10: Fisher BT, Zaoutis T, Dvorak CC, Nieder M, Zerr D, Wingard JR, Callahan C, Villaluna D, Chen L, Dang H, Esbenshade AJ, Alexander S, Wiley JM, Sung L. Effect of Caspofungin vs Fluconazole Prophylaxis on Invasive Fungal Disease Among Children and Young Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019 Nov 5;322(17):1673-1681. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.15702. PMID: 31688884; PMCID: PMC6865545.


11: Leshinsky J, McLachlan A, Foster DJR, Norris R, Barrs VR. Pharmacokinetics of caspofungin acetate to guide optimal dosing in cats. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 2;12(6):e0178783. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178783. PMID: 28575121; PMCID: PMC5456383.


12: Morrison VA. Caspofungin: an overview. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2005 Oct;3(5):697-705. doi: 10.1586/14787210.3.5.697. PMID: 16207161.


13: Maertens J, Lodewyck T, Donnelly JP, Chantepie S, Robin C, Blijlevens N, Turlure P, Selleslag D, Baron F, Aoun M, Heinz WJ, Bertz H, Ráčil Z, Vandercam B, Drgona L, Coiteux V, Llorente CC, Schaefer-Prokop C, Paesmans M, Ameye L, Meert L, Cheung KJ, Hepler DA, Loeffler J, Barnes R, Marchetti O, Verweij P, Lamoth F, Bochud PY, Schwarzinger M, Cordonnier C; Infectious Diseases Group and the Acute Leukemia Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Empiric vs Preemptive Antifungal Strategy in High-Risk Neutropenic Patients on Fluconazole Prophylaxis: A Randomized Trial of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Clin Infect Dis. 2023 Feb 18;76(4):674-682. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac623. PMID: 35906831; PMCID: PMC9938744.


14: Christopeit M, Eikam M, Behre G. Comedication of caspofungin acetate and cyclosporine A after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation leads to negligible hepatotoxicity. Mycoses. 2008;51 Suppl 1:19-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2008.01524.x. PMID: 18471157.


15: Marx J, Reinstadler V, Gasperetti T, Welte R, Oberacher H, Moser P, Joannidis M, Bellmann R. Human tissue distribution of caspofungin. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2022 Apr;59(4):106553. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2022.106553. Epub 2022 Feb 14. PMID: 35176477.


16: Perrine-Walker F. Caspofungin resistance in Candida albicans: genetic factors and synergistic compounds for combination therapies. Braz J Microbiol. 2022 Sep;53(3):1101-1113. doi: 10.1007/s42770-022-00739-9. Epub 2022 Mar 29. PMID: 35352319; PMCID: PMC9433586.


17: Hashemian SM, Farhadi T, Velayati AA. Caspofungin: a review of its characteristics, activity, and use in intensive care units. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2020 Dec;18(12):1213-1220. doi: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1794817. Epub 2020 Jul 23. PMID: 32662712.


18: Domingos EL, Vilhena RO, Santos JMMF, Fachi MM, Böger B, Adam LM, Tonin FS, Pontarolo R. Comparative efficacy and safety of systemic antifungal agents for candidemia: a systematic review with network meta-analysis and multicriteria acceptability analyses. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2022 Aug;60(2):106614. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2022.106614. Epub 2022 Jun 9. PMID: 35691603.


19: Stone EA, Fung HB, Kirschenbaum HL. Caspofungin: an echinocandin antifungal agent. Clin Ther. 2002 Mar;24(3):351-77; discussion 329. doi: 10.1016/s0149-2918(02)85039-1. PMID: 11952021.


20: Su S, Yan H, Min L, Wang H, Chen X, Shi J, Sun S. The antifungal activity of caspofungin in combination with antifungals or non-antifungals against Candida species in vitro and in clinical therapy. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2022 Feb;20(2):161-178. doi: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1941868. Epub 2021 Jun 28. PMID: 34128761.