Benzonatate
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MedKoo CAT#: 329304

CAS#: 104-31-4 (free base)

Description: Benzonatate, also known as Tessalon and KM-65, is a sodium channel protein antagonist. Benzonatate's mechanism of action is thought to be anesthesia of vagal sensory nerve fibers that mediate cough. Vagal sensory neurons highly express the Nav1.7 subtype of voltage-gated sodium channels, and inhibition of this channel inhibits the cough reflex.


Chemical Structure

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Benzonatate
CAS# 104-31-4 (free base)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 329304
Name: Benzonatate
CAS#: 104-31-4 (free base)
Chemical Formula: C30H53NO11
Exact Mass: 603.36
Molecular Weight: 603.750
Elemental Analysis: C, 59.68; H, 8.85; N, 2.32; O, 29.15

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10mg USD 90 Ready to Ship
25mg USD 150 Ready to ship
50mg USD 250 Ready to ship
100mg USD 450 Ready to ship
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Related CAS #: 119568-55-7 (HCl)   104-31-4 (free base);  

Synonym: Benzonatate; Tessalon; KM65; KM 65; KM-65; Exangit; Ventussin

IUPAC/Chemical Name: 2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26-nonaoxaoctacosan-28-yl 4-(butylamino)benzoate

InChi Key: MAFMQEKGGFWBAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C30H53NO11/c1-3-4-9-31-29-7-5-28(6-8-29)30(32)42-27-26-41-25-24-40-23-22-39-21-20-38-19-18-37-17-16-36-15-14-35-13-12-34-11-10-33-2/h5-8,31H,3-4,9-27H2,1-2H3

SMILES Code: O=C(OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOC)C1=CC=C(NCCCC)C=C1

Appearance: Oily liquid

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:

Biological target: Benzonatate, also known as Tessalon and KM-65, is a sodium channel protein antagonist.
In vitro activity: This study used whole cell voltage clamp recording to test the effects of benzonatate on voltage-gated sodium (Na(+)) currents in two murine cell lines, catecholamine A differentiated (CAD) cells, which express primarily Nav1.7, and N1E-115, which express primarily Nav1.3. This study found that, like local anesthetics, benzonatate strongly and reversibly inhibits voltage-gated Na(+) channels. Reference: Neuropharmacology. 2016 Feb;101:179-87. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26386152/
In vivo activity: TBD

Solubility Data

Solvent Max Conc. mg/mL Max Conc. mM
Solubility
DMF 50.0 82.82
DMSO 75.0 124.22
Ethanol 50.0 82.82
Ethanol:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:1) 0.5 0.83

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 603.75 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol: Evans MS, Maglinger GB, Fletcher AM, Johnson SR. Benzonatate inhibition of voltage-gated sodium currents. Neuropharmacology. 2016 Feb;101:179-87. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.09.020. Epub 2015 Sep 16. PMID: 26386152.
In vitro protocol: Evans MS, Maglinger GB, Fletcher AM, Johnson SR. Benzonatate inhibition of voltage-gated sodium currents. Neuropharmacology. 2016 Feb;101:179-87. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.09.020. Epub 2015 Sep 16. PMID: 26386152.
In vivo protocol: TBD

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1: Evans MS, Maglinger GB, Fletcher AM, Johnson SR. Benzonatate inhibition of voltage-gated sodium currents. Neuropharmacology. 2016 Feb;101:179-87. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.09.020. PubMed PMID: 26386152.

2: McLawhorn MW, Goulding MR, Gill RK, Michele TM. Analysis of benzonatate overdoses among adults and children from 1969-2010 by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Pharmacotherapy. 2013 Jan;33(1):38-43. doi: 10.1002/phar.1153. PubMed PMID: 23307543.

3: Thimann DA, Huang CJ, Goto CS, Feng SY. Benzonatate toxicity in a teenager resulting in coma, seizures, and severe metabolic acidosis. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Jul;17(3):270-3. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-17.3.270. PubMed PMID: 23258970; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3526931.

4: Winter ML, Spiller HA, Griffith JR. Benzonatate Ingestion Reported to the National Poison Center Database System (NPDS). J Med Toxicol. 2010 Dec;6(4):398-402. doi: 10.1007/s13181-010-0086-6. PubMed PMID: 20490746; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3550467.

5: Cohen V, Jellinek SP, Stansfield L, Truong H, Baseluos C, Marshall JP. Cardiac arrest with residual blindness after overdose of Tessalon® (benzonatate) perles. J Emerg Med. 2011 Aug;41(2):166-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2009.08.027. PubMed PMID: 19892505.

6: Hendershot AJ, Colling L, Mauger TF. Corneal anesthetic abuse from the use of topical benzonatate (Tessalon Perle). Cornea. 2011 Dec;30(12):1518-9. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e318207f229. PubMed PMID: 21673569.

7: Yoshioka I, Surmaitis R, Katz KD. A 17-Year-Old Girl With Cough--Pulseless After Drug Overdose. Sodium benzonatate overdose. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2016 Mar;32(3):197-9. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000733. PubMed PMID: 26928103.

8: Dicpinigaitis PV, Gayle YE, Solomon G, Gilbert RD. Inhibition of cough-reflex sensitivity by benzonatate and guaifenesin in acute viral cough. Respir Med. 2009 Jun;103(6):902-6. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2008.12.008. PubMed PMID: 19121573.

9: In brief: benzonatate warning. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2011 Feb 7;53(1357):9. Review. PubMed PMID: 21304443.

10: Crouch BI, Knick KA, Crouch DJ, Matsumura KS, Rollins DE. Benzonatate overdose associated with seizures and arrhythmias. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1998;36(7):713-8. PubMed PMID: 9865240.

11: Doona M, Walsh D. Benzonatate for opioid-resistant cough in advanced cancer. Palliat Med. 1998 Jan;12(1):55-8. PubMed PMID: 9616460.

12: Danesh M, Murase JE. Use of a nonnarcotic antitussive for severe, treatment-resistant oral ulcers. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015 Jun;72(6):e159. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.02.1102. PubMed PMID: 25981022.

13: Cohan JA, Manning TJ, Lukash L, Long C, Ziminski KR, Conradi SE. Two fatalities resulting from Tessalon (benzonatate). Vet Hum Toxicol. 1986 Dec;28(6):543-4. PubMed PMID: 3788039.

14: Thorén P, Oberg B. Studies on the endoanesthetic effects of lidocaine and benzonatate on non-medullated nerve endings in the left ventricle. Acta Physiol Scand. 1981 Jan;111(1):51-8. PubMed PMID: 7223452.

15: NEW AND non-official drugs: benzonatate. J Am Med Assoc. 1959 Aug 15;170(16):1927-8. English, Italian. PubMed PMID: 13672794.