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Nilotinib

Nilotinib is an orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl protein of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. This agent also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R) and c-kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated and constitutively activated in most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). With a binding mode that is energetically more favorable than that of imatinib, nilotinib has been shown to have an approximately 20-fold increased potency in kinase and proliferation assays compared to imatinib. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Current developer:   Novartis International AG.

Nilotinib, in the form of the hydrochloride monohydrate salt, is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved as Tasigna in the USA and the EU for drug-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). In June 2006, a Phase I clinical trial found nilotinib, also known by its clinical code AMN107, has a relatively favorable safety profile and shows activity in cases of CML resistant to treatment with imatinib (Gleevec), another tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently used as a first-line treatment. In that study 92% of patients (already resistant or unresponsive to Gleevec) achieved a normal white blood cell counts after 5 month of treatment. The drug will carry a black box warning for possible heart complications.

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