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 Fulvestrant

Fulvestrant is a synthetic estrogen receptor antagonist. Unlike tamoxifen (which has partial agonist effects) and the aromatase inhibitors (which reduce the estrogen available to tumor cells), fulvestrant binds competitively to estrogen receptors in breast cancer cells, resulting in estrogen receptor deformation and decreased estrogen binding. In vitro studies indicate that fulvestrant reversibly inhibits the growth of tamoxifen-resistant, estrogen-sensitive, human breast cancer cell lines. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Fulvestrant is a white powder with a molecular weight of 606.77. The solution for injection is a clear, colorless to yellow, viscous liquid. Each injection contains as inactive ingredients: Alcohol, USP, Benzyl Alcohol, NF, and Benzyl Benzoate, USP, as co-solvents, and Castor Oil, USP as a co-solvent and release rate modifier. FASLODEX is supplied in sterile single patient pre-filled syringes containing 50-mg/mL fulvestrant either as a single 5 mL or two concurrent 2.5 mL injections to deliver the required monthly dose. FASLODEX is administered as an intramuscular injection of 250 mg once monthly.

Many breast cancers have estrogen receptors (ER), and the growth of these tumors can be stimulated by estrogen. Fulvestrant is an estrogen receptor antagonist that binds to the estrogen receptor in a competitive manner with affinity comparable to that of estradiol. Fulvestrant downregulates the ER protein in human breast cancer cells.

In a clinical study in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer treated with single doses of FASLODEX 15-22 days prior to surgery, there was evidence of increasing down regulation of ER with increasing dose. This was associated with a dose-related decrease in the expression of the progesterone receptor, an estrogen-regulated protein. These effects on the ER pathway were also associated with a decrease in Ki67 labeling index, a marker of cell proliferation.

In vitro studies demonstrated that fulvestrant is a reversible inhibitor of the growth of tamoxifen-resistant, as well as estrogen-sensitive human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. In in vivo tumor studies, fulvestrant delayed the establishment of tumors from xenografts of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in nude mice. Fulvestrant inhibited the growth of established MCF-7 xenografts and of tamoxifen-resistant breast tumor xenografts. Fulvestrant resistant breast tumor xenografts may also be cross-resistant to tamoxifen.

Fulvestrant showed no agonist-type effects in in vivo uterotropic assays in immature or ovariectomized mice and rats. In in vivo studies in immature rats and ovariectomized monkeys, fulvestrant blocked the uterotrophic action of estradiol. In postmenopausal women, the absence of changes in plasma concentrations of FSH and LH in response to fulvestrant treatment (250 mg monthly) suggests no peripheral steroidal effects.

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2: Kotelnikova E, Yuryev A, Mazo I, Daraselia N. Computational approaches for drug repositioning and combination therapy design. J Bioinform Comput Biol. 2010 Jun;8(3):593-606. PubMed PMID: 20556864.

3: Fernandez-Cuesta L, Anaganti S, Hainaut P, Olivier M. p53 status influences response to tamoxifen but not to fulvestrant in breast cancer cell lines. Int J Cancer. 2010 Jun 14. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20549698.

4: Dalvai M, Bystricky K. Cell cycle and anti-estrogen effects synergize to regulate cell proliferation and ER target gene expression. PLoS One. 2010 Jun 8;5(6):e11011. PubMed PMID: 20543978; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2882356.

5: Vanderlaag KE, Hudak S, Bald L, Fayadat-Dilman L, Sathe M, Grein J, Janatpour MJ. Anterior gradient-2 plays a critical role in breast cancer cell growth and survival by modulating cyclin D1, estrogen receptor-alpha and survivin. Breast Cancer Res. 2010 Jun 4;12(3):R32. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20525379.

6: Cyrus K, Wehenkel M, Choi EY, Lee H, Swanson H, Kim KB. Jostling for Position: Optimizing Linker Location in the Design of Estrogen Receptor-Targeting PROTACs. ChemMedChem. 2010 May 28;5(7):979-985. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20512796.

7: Tomillero A, Moral MA. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2010 May;32(4):247-88. PubMed PMID: 20508873.

8: Ohno S, Rai Y, Iwata H, Yamamoto N, Yoshida M, Iwase H, Masuda N, Nakamura S, Taniguchi H, Kamigaki S, Noguchi S. Three dose regimens of fulvestrant in postmenopausal Japanese women with advanced breast cancer: results from a double-blind, phase II comparative study (FINDER1). Ann Oncol. 2010 May 21. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20494961.

9: Ostrander JH, McMahon CM, Lem S, Millon SR, Brown JQ, Seewaldt VL, Ramanujam N. Optical redox ratio differentiates breast cancer cell lines based on estrogen receptor status. Cancer Res. 2010 Jun 1;70(11):4759-66. Epub 2010 May 11. PubMed PMID: 20460512.

10: Ning Y, Riggins RB, Mulla JE, Chung H, Zwart A, Clarke R. IFNgamma restores breast cancer sensitivity to fulvestrant by regulating STAT1, IFN regulatory factor 1, NF-kappaB, BCL2 family members, and signaling to caspase-dependent apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther. 2010 May;9(5):1274-85. PubMed PMID: 20457620.

11: Tomillero A, Moral MA. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2010 Apr;32(3):193-215. PubMed PMID: 20448862.

12: Amer DA, Kretzschmar G, Müller N, Stanke N, Lindemann D, Vollmer G. Activation of transgenic estrogen receptor-beta by selected phytoestrogens in a stably transduced rat serotonergic cell line. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010 Jun;120(4-5):208-17. Epub 2010 Apr 28. PubMed PMID: 20433925.

13: Iwakura T, Iwafuchi M, Muraoka D, Yokosuka M, Shiga T, Watanabe C, Ohtani-Kaneko R. In vitro effects of bisphenol A on developing hypothalamic neurons. Toxicology. 2010 Jun 4;272(1-3):52-8. Epub 2010 Apr 23. PubMed PMID: 20399245.

14: Yoneya T, Taniguchi K, Nakamura R, Tsunenari T, Ohizumi I, Kanbe Y, Morikawa K, Kaiho S, Yamada-Okabe H. Thiochroman derivative CH4986399, a new nonsteroidal estrogen receptor down-regulator, is effective in breast cancer models. Anticancer Res. 2010 Mar;30(3):873-8. PubMed PMID: 20393009.

15: Olsen ML, Campbell SC, McFerrin MB, Floyd CL, Sontheimer H. Spinal cord injury causes a wide-spread, persistent loss of Kir4.1 and glutamate transporter 1: benefit of 17 beta-oestradiol treatment. Brain. 2010 Apr;133(Pt 4):1013-25. PubMed PMID: 20375134; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2850584.

16: Kumar A, Klinge CM, Goldstein RE. Estradiol-induced proliferation of papillary and follicular thyroid cancer cells is mediated by estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Int J Oncol. 2010 May;36(5):1067-80. PubMed PMID: 20372779.

17: Cho JL, Allanson M, Reeve VE. Oestrogen receptor-beta signalling protects against transplanted skin tumour growth in the mouse. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2010 Apr;9(4):608-14. PubMed PMID: 20354658.

18: Yamamuro Y, Aizawa S. Asymmetric regulation by estrogen at the cholinergic gene locus in differentiated NG108-15 neuronal cells. Life Sci. 2010 Jun 5;86(23-24):839-43. Epub 2010 Mar 27. PubMed PMID: 20350555.

19: Raffetto JD, Qiao X, Beauregard KG, Khalil RA. Estrogen receptor-mediated enhancement of venous relaxation in female rat: implications in sex-related differences in varicose veins. J Vasc Surg. 2010 Apr;51(4):972-81. PubMed PMID: 20347696; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2847594.

20: Johnston SR. New strategies in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2010 Apr 1;16(7):1979-87. Epub 2010 Mar 23. PubMed PMID: 20332324.

21: Mello CA, Chinen LT, da Silva SC, do Nascimento Matias C, Benevides CF, Gimenes DL, Fanelli MF. Prolonged time to progression with fulvestrant for metastatic breast cancer. Med Oncol. 2010 Mar 20. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20306159.

22: Kang J, Qian PX, Pandey V, Perry JK, Miller LD, Liu ET, Zhu T, Liu DX, Lobie PE. Artemin is estrogen regulated and mediates antiestrogen resistance in mammary carcinoma. Oncogene. 2010 Jun 3;29(22):3228-40. Epub 2010 Mar 22. PubMed PMID: 20305694.

23: Liedert A, Wagner L, Seefried L, Ebert R, Jakob F, Ignatius A. Estrogen receptor and Wnt signaling interact to regulate early gene expression in response to mechanical strain in osteoblastic cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Apr 9;394(3):755-9. Epub 2010 Mar 17. PubMed PMID: 20227388.

24: Harte MT, O'Brien GJ, Ryan NM, Gorski JJ, Savage KI, Crawford NT, Mullan PB, Harkin DP. BRD7, a subunit of SWI/SNF complexes, binds directly to BRCA1 and regulates BRCA1-dependent transcription. Cancer Res. 2010 Mar 15;70(6):2538-47. Epub 2010 Mar 9. PubMed PMID: 20215511.

25: Millour J, Constantinidou D, Stavropoulou AV, Wilson MS, Myatt SS, Kwok JM, Sivanandan K, Coombes RC, Medema RH, Hartman J, Lykkesfeldt AE, Lam EW. FOXM1 is a transcriptional target of ERalpha and has a critical role in breast cancer endocrine sensitivity and resistance. Oncogene. 2010 May 20;29(20):2983-95. Epub 2010 Mar 8. PubMed PMID: 20208560; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2874720.

26: Silva E, Kabil A, Kortenkamp A. Cross-talk between non-genomic and genomic signalling pathways--distinct effect profiles of environmental estrogens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2010 Jun 1;245(2):160-70. Epub 2010 Mar 4. PubMed PMID: 20206645.

27: Chan YC, Leung FP, Wong WT, Tian XY, Yung LM, Lau CW, Tsang SY, Yao X, Chen ZY, Huang Y. Therapeutically relevant concentrations of raloxifene dilate pressurized rat resistance arteries via calcium-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010 May;30(5):992-9. Epub 2010 Feb 25. PubMed PMID: 20185791.

28: Turner N, Pearson A, Sharpe R, Lambros M, Geyer F, Lopez-Garcia MA, Natrajan R, Marchio C, Iorns E, Mackay A, Gillett C, Grigoriadis A, Tutt A, Reis-Filho JS, Ashworth A. FGFR1 amplification drives endocrine therapy resistance and is a therapeutic target in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2010 Mar 1;70(5):2085-94. Epub 2010 Feb 23. PubMed PMID: 20179196; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2832818.

29: Blesa JM, Candel VA. PSA decrease with fulvestrant acetate in a hormone-resistant metastatic prostate cancer patient. Onkologie. 2010;33(1-2):57-9. Epub 2010 Jan 5. PubMed PMID: 20164664.

30: Féchon A, Droz JP. Do we really need new trials on fulvestrant in prostate cancer? Onkologie. 2010;33(1-2):12-3. Epub 2010 Jan 22. PubMed PMID: 20164656.

31: Flinsenberg TW, Van der Sterren S, van Cleef AN, Schuurman MJ, Agren P, Villamor E. Effects of gender and estrogen on chicken ductus arteriosus reactivity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010 Feb 17. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20164203.

32: Childs EW, Tharakan B, Hunter FA, Smythe WR. 17Beta-ESTRADIOL MEDIATED PROTECTION AGAINST VASCULAR LEAK FOLLOWING HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: ROLE OF ESTROGEN RECEPTORS AND APOPTOTIC SIGNALING. Shock. 2010 Feb 10. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20160663.

33: Johnston SJ, Cheung KL. Fulvestrant - a novel endocrine therapy for breast cancer. Curr Med Chem. 2010;17(10):902-14. PubMed PMID: 20156170.

34: Kabos P, Borges VF. Fulvestrant: a unique antiendocrine agent for estrogen-sensitive breast cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010 Apr;11(5):807-16. Review. PubMed PMID: 20151846.

35: Akli S, Bui T, Wingate H, Biernacka A, Moulder S, Tucker SL, Hunt KK, Keyomarsi K. Low-molecular-weight cyclin E can bypass letrozole-induced G1 arrest in human breast cancer cells and tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2010 Feb 15;16(4):1179-90. Epub 2010 Feb 9. PubMed PMID: 20145171; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2822889.

36: Joffroy CM, Buck MB, Stope MB, Popp SL, Pfizenmaier K, Knabbe C. Antiestrogens induce transforming growth factor beta-mediated immunosuppression in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2010 Feb 15;70(4):1314-22. Epub 2010 Feb 9. PubMed PMID: 20145137.

37: Gasent Blesa JM, Alberola Candel V, Giner Marco V, Giner-Bosch V, Provencio Pulla M, Laforga Canales JB. Experience with fulvestrant acetate in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. Ann Oncol. 2010 May;21(5):1131-2. Epub 2010 Feb 5. PubMed PMID: 20139153.

38: Jenei-Lanzl Z, Straub RH, Dienstknecht T, Huber M, Hager M, Grässel S, Kujat R, Angele MK, Nerlich M, Angele P. Estradiol inhibits chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells via nonclassic signaling. Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Apr;62(4):1088-96. PubMed PMID: 20131256.

39: Balhuizen A, Kumar R, Amisten S, Lundquist I, Salehi A. Activation of G protein-coupled receptor 30 modulates hormone secretion and counteracts cytokine-induced apoptosis in pancreatic islets of female mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010 May 14;320(1-2):16-24. Epub 2010 Feb 1. PubMed PMID: 20122988.

40: Popolo A, Piccinelli LA, Morello S, Cuesta-Rubio O, Sorrentino R, Rastrelli L, Pinto A. Antiproliferative activity of brown Cuban propolis extract on human breast cancer cells. Nat Prod Commun. 2009 Dec;4(12):1711-6. PubMed PMID: 20120113.

41: Hogan AM, Collins D, Sheehan K, Zierau O, Baird AW, Winter DC. Rapid effects of phytoestrogens on human colonic smooth muscle are mediated by oestrogen receptor beta. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010 May 14;320(1-2):106-10. Epub 2010 Jan 28. PubMed PMID: 20109521.

42: Yue W, Wang JP, Li Y, Fan P, Liu G, Zhang N, Conaway M, Wang H, Korach KS, Bocchinfuso W, Santen R. Effects of estrogen on breast cancer development: Role of estrogen receptor independent mechanisms. Int J Cancer. 2010 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20104523.

43: McKeen HD, Byrne C, Jithesh PV, Donley C, Valentine A, Yakkundi A, O'Rourke M, Swanton C, McCarthy HO, Hirst DG, Robson T. FKBPL regulates estrogen receptor signaling and determines response to endocrine therapy. Cancer Res. 2010 Feb 1;70(3):1090-100. Epub 2010 Jan 26. PubMed PMID: 20103631.

44: Kameda C, Nakamura M, Tanaka H, Yamasaki A, Kubo M, Tanaka M, Onishi H, Katano M. Oestrogen receptor-alpha contributes to the regulation of the hedgehog signalling pathway in ERalpha-positive gastric cancer. Br J Cancer. 2010 Feb 16;102(4):738-47. Epub 2010 Jan 19. PubMed PMID: 20087349; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2837575.

45: Yu HP, Hwang TL, Hwang TL, Yen CH, Lau YT. Resveratrol prevents endothelial dysfunction and aortic superoxide production after trauma hemorrhage through estrogen receptor-dependent hemeoxygenase-1 pathway. Crit Care Med. 2010 Apr;38(4):1147-54. PubMed PMID: 20081535.

46: Lo R, Burgoon L, Macpherson L, Ahmed S, Matthews J. Estrogen receptor-dependent regulation of CYP2B6 in human breast cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 May-Jun;1799(5-6):469-79. Epub 2010 Jan 14. PubMed PMID: 20079471.

47: McCune K, Bhat-Nakshatri P, Thorat MA, Nephew KP, Badve S, Nakshatri H. Prognosis of hormone-dependent breast cancers: implications of the presence of dysfunctional transcriptional networks activated by insulin via the immune transcription factor T-bet. Cancer Res. 2010 Jan 15;70(2):685-96. Epub 2010 Jan 12. PubMed PMID: 20068169; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2807987.

48: Balaram VM, Parmar D, Teja BB, Rathnam S, Rao JV, Dasandi B. Sensitive and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for estimation of fulvestrant in rabbit plasma. Biomed Chromatogr. 2010 Jan 10. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20063438.

49: Crawford AC, Riggins RB, Shajahan AN, Zwart A, Clarke R. Co-inhibition of BCL-W and BCL2 restores antiestrogen sensitivity through BECN1 and promotes an autophagy-associated necrosis. PLoS One. 2010 Jan 6;5(1):e8604. PubMed PMID: 20062536; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2797635.

50: Long X, Fan M, Nephew KP. Estrogen receptor-alpha-interacting cytokeratins potentiate the antiestrogenic activity of fulvestrant. Cancer Biol Ther. 2010 Mar;9(5):389-96. Epub 2010 Mar 11. PubMed PMID: 20061804.

51: Sunters A, Armstrong VJ, Zaman G, Kypta RM, Kawano Y, Lanyon LE, Price JS. Mechano-transduction in osteoblastic cells involves strain-regulated estrogen receptor alpha-mediated control of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I receptor sensitivity to Ambient IGF, leading to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT-dependent Wnt/LRP5 receptor-independent activation of beta-catenin signaling. J Biol Chem. 2010 Mar 19;285(12):8743-58. Epub 2009 Dec 30. PubMed PMID: 20042609; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2838297.

52: Langer G, Bader B, Meoli L, Isensee J, Delbeck M, Noppinger PR, Otto C. A critical review of fundamental controversies in the field of GPR30 research. Steroids. 2010 Aug-Sep;75(8-9):603-10. Epub 2009 Dec 23. PubMed PMID: 20034504.

53: Hong SH, Nah HY, Kim CH. Estrogen-regulated expression and distribution of Id-1 in the mouse uterus. Placenta. 2010 Mar;31(3):240-4. Epub 2009 Dec 23. PubMed PMID: 20031206.

54: Cinar O, Seval Y, Uz YH, Cakmak H, Ulukus M, Kayisli UA, Arici A. Differential regulation of Akt phosphorylation in endometriosis. Reprod Biomed Online. 2009 Dec;19(6):864-71. PubMed PMID: 20031030.

55: El Gebeily G, Fiset C. 4-Hydroxytamoxifen inhibits K(+) currents in mouse ventricular myocytes. Eur J Pharmacol. 2010 Mar 10;629(1-3):96-103. Epub 2009 Dec 16. PubMed PMID: 20006599.

56: Promprom W, Kupittayanant P, Indrapichate K, Wray S, Kupittayanant S. The effects of pomegranate seed extract and beta-sitosterol on rat uterine contractions. Reprod Sci. 2010 Mar;17(3):288-96. Epub 2009 Dec 4. PubMed PMID: 19966214.

57: Bondar G, Kuo J, Hamid N, Micevych P. Estradiol-induced estrogen receptor-alpha trafficking. J Neurosci. 2009 Dec 2;29(48):15323-30. PubMed PMID: 19955385; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2836237.

58: Smollich M, Götte M, Fischgräbe J, Macedo LF, Brodie A, Chen S, Radke I, Kiesel L, Wülfing P. ETAR antagonist ZD4054 exhibits additive effects with aromatase inhibitors and fulvestrant in breast cancer therapy, and improves in vivo efficacy of anastrozole. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 19943105.

59: Baumann CK, Castiglione-Gertsch M. Clinical use of selective estrogen receptor modulators and down regulators with the main focus on breast cancer. Minerva Ginecol. 2009 Dec;61(6):517-39. Review. PubMed PMID: 19942839.

60: Konwisorz A, Springwald A, Haselberger M, Goerse R, Ortmann O, Treeck O. Knockdown of ICB-1 gene enhanced estrogen responsiveness of ovarian and breast cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2010 Feb 18;17(1):147-57. Print 2010 Mar. PubMed PMID: 19942713.

61: Du D, Ma X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Li Y. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of 17beta-estradiol postconditioning protection against gastric mucosal injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Life Sci. 2010 Jan 2;86(1-2):30-8. Epub 2009 Nov 24. PubMed PMID: 19931544.

62: Malik S, Jiang S, Garee JP, Verdin E, Lee AV, O'Malley BW, Zhang M, Belaguli NS, Oesterreich S. Histone deacetylase 7 and FoxA1 in estrogen-mediated repression of RPRM. Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Jan;30(2):399-412. Epub 2009 Nov 16. PubMed PMID: 19917725; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2798473.

63: Tomillero A, Moral MA. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Sep;31(7):463-93. PubMed PMID: 19907722.

64: Alam MS, Ohsako S, Matsuwaki T, Zhu XB, Tsunekawa N, Kanai Y, Sone H, Tohyama C, Kurohmaru M. Induction of spermatogenic cell apoptosis in prepubertal rat testes irrespective of testicular steroidogenesis: a possible estrogenic effect of di(n-butyl) phthalate. Reproduction. 2010 Feb;139(2):427-37. Epub 2009 Nov 10. PubMed PMID: 19903717.

65: Chung SH, Lambert PF. Prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in mice using estrogen receptor antagonists. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Nov 17;106(46):19467-72. Epub 2009 Nov 9. PubMed PMID: 19901334; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2780740.

66: Ohtani-Kaneko R, Iwafuchi M, Iwakura T, Muraoka D, Yokosuka M, Shiga T, Watanabe C. Effects of estrogen on synapsin I distribution in developing hypothalamic neurons. Neurosci Res. 2010 Feb;66(2):180-8. Epub 2009 Nov 6. PubMed PMID: 19896987.

67: Ishida M, Mitsui T, Izawa M, Arita J. Absence of ligand-independent transcriptional activation of the estrogen receptor via the estrogen response element in pituitary lactotrophs in primary culture. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010 Jan;118(1-2):93-101. Epub 2009 Oct 31. PubMed PMID: 19883758.

68: Anggakusuma, Yanti, Lee M, Hwang JK. Estrogenic activity of xanthorrhizol isolated from curcuma xanthorrhiza ROXB. Biol Pharm Bull. 2009 Nov;32(11):1892-7. PubMed PMID: 19881304.

69: García MA, Peña D, Alvarez L, Cocca C, Pontillo C, Bergoc R, de Pisarev DK, Randi A. Hexachlorobenzene induces cell proliferation and IGF-I signaling pathway in an estrogen receptor alpha-dependent manner in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Toxicol Lett. 2010 Feb 1;192(2):195-205. Epub 2009 Oct 30. PubMed PMID: 19879930.

70: Robertson JF, Steger GG, Neven P, Barni S, Gieseking F, Nolè F, Pritchard KI, O'Malley FP, Simon SD, Kaufman B, Petruzelka L. Activity of fulvestrant in HER2-overexpressing advanced breast cancer. Ann Oncol. 2010 Jun;21(6):1246-53. Epub 2009 Oct 29. PubMed PMID: 19875750.

71: Zhang Z, Wang L, Mei M, Zhu Y, Du X, Lee C, Park I, Zhang J, Shi J. Both nongenomic and genomic effects are involved in estradiol's enhancing the phenotype of smooth muscle cells in cultured prostate stromal cells. Prostate. 2010 Feb 15;70(3):317-32. PubMed PMID: 19862801.

72: Lopez V, Kelleher SL. Zip6-attenuation promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in ductal breast tumor (T47D) cells. Exp Cell Res. 2010 Feb 1;316(3):366-75. Epub 2009 Oct 21. PubMed PMID: 19852955.

73: Kramár EA, Chen LY, Brandon NJ, Rex CS, Liu F, Gall CM, Lynch G. Cytoskeletal changes underlie estrogen's acute effects on synaptic transmission and plasticity. J Neurosci. 2009 Oct 14;29(41):12982-93. PubMed PMID: 19828812; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2806054.

74: Song RX, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Bao Y, Yue W, Wang JP, Fan P, Santen RJ. Estrogen utilization of IGF-1-R and EGF-R to signal in breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010 Feb 28;118(4-5):219-30. Epub 2009 Oct 6. PubMed PMID: 19815064; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2826506.

75: Zimmermann MC, Tilghman SL, Boué SM, Salvo VA, Elliott S, Williams KY, Skripnikova EV, Ashe H, Payton-Stewart F, Vanhoy-Rhodes L, Fonseca JP, Corbitt C, Collins-Burow BM, Howell MH, Lacey M, Shih BY, Carter-Wientjes C, Cleveland TE, McLachlan JA, Wiese TE, Beckman BS, Burow ME. Glyceollin I, a novel antiestrogenic phytoalexin isolated from activated soy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Jan;332(1):35-45. Epub 2009 Oct 1. PubMed PMID: 19797619; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2802480.

76: Yoo YM, Jeung EB. Melatonin-induced estrogen receptor alpha-mediated calbindin-D9k expression plays a role in H2O2-mediated cell death in rat pituitary GH3 cells. J Pineal Res. 2009 Nov;47(4):301-7. Epub 2009 Oct 1. PubMed PMID: 19796047.

77: James AW, Theologis AA, Brugmann SA, Xu Y, Carre AL, Leucht P, Hamilton K, Korach KS, Longaker MT. Estrogen/estrogen receptor alpha signaling in mouse posterofrontal cranial suture fusion. PLoS One. 2009 Sep 22;4(9):e7120. PubMed PMID: 19771170; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2743190.

78: Wang W, Jiang D, Zhu Y, Liu W, Duan J, Dai S. Relaxing effects of phytoestrogen alpha-zearalanol on rat thoracic aorta rings in vitro. Chin J Physiol. 2009 Apr 30;52(2):99-105. Erratum in: Chin J Physiol. 2009 Jun 30;52(3):173. PubMed PMID: 19764345.

79: Ahlem C, Auci D, Mangano K, Reading C, Frincke J, Stickney D, Nicoletti F. HE3286: a novel synthetic steroid as an oral treatment for autoimmune disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Sep;1173:781-90. PubMed PMID: 19758229.

80: Yeh CH, Wu HC, Kuo TH, Kuo CH, Yang SN, Wang WL, Chen HN, Wei WJ, Hung CH. Suppressive effect on MDC and IP-10 expression in monocytes by endocrine disruptor chemicals. Inflammation. 2010 Feb;33(1):10-7. PubMed PMID: 19756997.

81: de la Haba Rodríguez JR, Porras Quintela I, Pulido Cortijo G, Berciano Guerrero M, Aranda E. Fulvestrant in advanced male breast cancer. Ann Oncol. 2009 Nov;20(11):1896-7. Epub 2009 Sep 13. PubMed PMID: 19752001.

82: Miles DW. Recent advances in systemic therapy. When HER2 is not the target: advances in the treatment of HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2009;11(4):208. Epub 2009 Aug 28. PubMed PMID: 19744307; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2750099.

83: Glück S. Exemestane as first-line therapy in postmenopausal women with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 2010 Jun;33(3):314-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 19730353.

84: Mouriec K, Lareyre JJ, Tong SK, Le Page Y, Vaillant C, Pellegrini E, Pakdel F, Chung BC, Kah O, Anglade I. Early regulation of brain aromatase (cyp19a1b) by estrogen receptors during zebrafish development. Dev Dyn. 2009 Oct;238(10):2641-51. PubMed PMID: 19718764.

85: Grassi S, Frondaroli A, Dieni C, Scarduzio M, Pettorossi VE. Long-term potentiation in the rat medial vestibular nuclei depends on locally synthesized 17beta-estradiol. J Neurosci. 2009 Aug 26;29(34):10779-83. PubMed PMID: 19710328.

86: Allred KF, Yackley KM, Vanamala J, Allred CD. Trigonelline is a novel phytoestrogen in coffee beans. J Nutr. 2009 Oct;139(10):1833-8. Epub 2009 Aug 26. PubMed PMID: 19710155.

87: Coser KR, Wittner BS, Rosenthal NF, Collins SC, Melas A, Smith SL, Mahoney CJ, Shioda K, Isselbacher KJ, Ramaswamy S, Shioda T. Antiestrogen-resistant subclones of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells are derived from a common monoclonal drug-resistant progenitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Aug 25;106(34):14536-41. PubMed PMID: 19706540; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2732824.

88: Robertson JF, Llombart-Cussac A, Rolski J, Feltl D, Dewar J, Macpherson E, Lindemann J, Ellis MJ. Activity of fulvestrant 500 mg versus anastrozole 1 mg as first-line treatment for advanced breast cancer: results from the FIRST study. J Clin Oncol. 2009 Sep 20;27(27):4530-5. Epub 2009 Aug 24. PubMed PMID: 19704066.

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186: Valeri A, Ceccarelli I, Fiorenzani P, Aloisi AM, Sgaragli G, Pessina F. Effects of 17beta-estradiol on rat urinary bladder: gender differences in anoxia-glucopenia and reperfusion damage. Neurourol Urodyn. 2009;28(6):535-41. PubMed PMID: 19030189.

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197: Ghayad SE, Vendrell JA, Bieche I, Spyratos F, Dumontet C, Treilleux I, Lidereau R, Cohen PA. Identification of TACC1, NOV, and PTTG1 as new candidate genes associated with endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer. J Mol Endocrinol. 2009 Feb;42(2):87-103. Epub 2008 Nov 4. Erratum in: J Mol Endocrinol. 2009 Apr;42(4):357. PubMed PMID: 18984771.

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203: Russo R, Cavaliere F, Watanabe C, Nucci C, Bagetta G, Corasaniti MT, Sakurada S, Morrone LA. 17Beta-estradiol prevents retinal ganglion cell loss induced by acute rise of intraocular pressure in rat. Prog Brain Res. 2008;173:583-90. PubMed PMID: 18929136.

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205: Chen J, Yang S, Hu S, Choudhry MA, Bland KI, Chaudry IH. Estrogen prevents intestinal inflammation after trauma-hemorrhage via downregulation of angiotensin II and angiotensin II subtype I receptor. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2008 Nov;295(5):G1131-7. Epub 2008 Oct 2. PubMed PMID: 18832446; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2584827.

206: Li L, He D, Wilborn TW, Falany JL, Falany CN. Increased SULT1E1 activity in HepG2 hepatocytes decreases growth hormone stimulation of STAT5b phosphorylation. Steroids. 2009 Jan;74(1):20-9. Epub 2008 Sep 11. PubMed PMID: 18831980; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2633718.

207: Pancholi S, Lykkesfeldt AE, Hilmi C, Banerjee S, Leary A, Drury S, Johnston S, Dowsett M, Martin LA. ERBB2 influences the subcellular localization of the estrogen receptor in tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 cells leading to the activation of AKT and RPS6KA2. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2008 Dec;15(4):985-1002. Epub 2008 Sep 29. PubMed PMID: 18824559.

208: Tomillero A, Moral MA. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Jun;30(5):383-408. PubMed PMID: 18806898.

209: Creighton CJ, Massarweh S, Huang S, Tsimelzon A, Hilsenbeck SG, Osborne CK, Shou J, Malorni L, Schiff R. Development of resistance to targeted therapies transforms the clinically associated molecular profile subtype of breast tumor xenografts. Cancer Res. 2008 Sep 15;68(18):7493-501. PubMed PMID: 18794137; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2556890.

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212: McCormack P, Sapunar F. Pharmacokinetic profile of the fulvestrant loading dose regimen in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer. 2008 Aug;8(4):347-51. PubMed PMID: 18757262.

213: Wang LD, Qiu XQ, Tian ZF, Zhang YF, Li HF. Inhibitory effects of genistein and resveratrol on guinea pig gallbladder contractility in vitro. World J Gastroenterol. 2008 Aug 21;14(31):4955-60. PubMed PMID: 18756606; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2739951.

214: Tsutsumi S, Zhang X, Takata K, Takahashi K, Karas RH, Kurachi H, Mendelsohn ME. Differential regulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene by estrogen receptors 1 and 2. J Endocrinol. 2008 Nov;199(2):267-73. Epub 2008 Aug 27. PubMed PMID: 18753331; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2773690.

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217: Christgen M, Bruchhardt H, Ballmaier M, Krech T, Länger F, Kreipe H, Lehmann U. KAI1/CD82 is a novel target of estrogen receptor-mediated gene repression and downregulated in primary human breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2008 Nov 15;123(10):2239-46. PubMed PMID: 18712725.

218: Seidlová-Wuttke D, Prelle K, Fritzemeier KH, Wuttke W. Effects of estrogen receptor alpha- and beta-selective substances in the metaphysis of the tibia and on serum parameters of bone and fat tissue metabolism of ovariectomized rats. Bone. 2008 Nov;43(5):849-55. Epub 2008 Jul 29. PubMed PMID: 18708178.

219: Traynor AM, Schiller JH, Stabile LP, Kolesar JM, Eickhoff JC, Dacic S, Hoang T, Dubey S, Marcotte SM, Siegfried JM. Pilot study of gefitinib and fulvestrant in the treatment of post-menopausal women with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2009 Apr;64(1):51-9. Epub 2008 Aug 12. PubMed PMID: 18701186.

220: Park JH, Lee MY, Han HJ. A potential role for caveolin-1 in estradiol-17beta-induced proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cells: involvement of Src, PI3K/Akt, and MAPKs pathways. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2009 Mar;41(3):659-65. Epub 2008 Jul 26. PubMed PMID: 18694845.

221: Choi HJ, Chung YS, Kim HJ, Moon UY, Choi YH, Van Seuningen I, Baek SJ, Yoon HG, Yoon JH. Signal pathway of 17beta-estradiol-induced MUC5B expression in human airway epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2009 Feb;40(2):168-78. Epub 2008 Aug 7. PubMed PMID: 18688042.

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223: Lyou S, Kawano S, Yamada T, Okuyama S, Terashima T, Hayase K, Yokogoshi H. Role of estrogen receptors and aromatase on brain protein synthesis rates in ovariectomized female rats fed genistein. Nutr Neurosci. 2008 Aug;11(4):155-60. PubMed PMID: 18681983.

224: Bartsch R, Mlineritsch B, Gnant M, Niernberger T, Pluschnig U, Greil R, Wenzel C, Sevelda P, Thaler J, Rudas M, Pober M, Zielinski CC, Steger GG; Austrian Fulvestrant Registry. The Austrian fulvestrant registry: results from a prospective observation of fulvestrant in postmenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 May;115(2):373-80. Epub 2008 Jul 26. PubMed PMID: 18661231.

225: Soylemez S, Gurdal H, Sepici A, Akar F. The effect of long-term resveratrol treatment on relaxation to estrogen in aortae from male and female rats: role of nitric oxide and superoxide. Vascul Pharmacol. 2008 Aug-Sep;49(2-3):97-105. Epub 2008 Jul 4. PubMed PMID: 18656555.

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228: Long X, Fan M, Bigsby RM, Nephew KP. Apigenin inhibits antiestrogen-resistant breast cancer cell growth through estrogen receptor-alpha-dependent and estrogen receptor-alpha-independent mechanisms. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008 Jul;7(7):2096-108. PubMed PMID: 18645020; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2559959.

229: Wong M, Grossman J, Hahn BH, La Cava A. Cutaneous vasculitis in breast cancer treated with chemotherapy. Clin Immunol. 2008 Oct;129(1):3-9. Epub 2008 Jul 21. PubMed PMID: 18640073; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2579274.

230: Davis AM, Mao J, Naz B, Kohl JA, Rosenfeld CS. Comparative effects of estradiol, methyl-piperidino-pyrazole, raloxifene, and ICI 182 780 on gene expression in the murine uterus. J Mol Endocrinol. 2008 Oct;41(4):205-17. Epub 2008 Jul 16. PubMed PMID: 18632874.

231: Chadha MK, Ashraf U, Lawrence D, Tian L, Levine E, Silliman C, Escott P, Payne V, Trump DL. Phase II study of fulvestrant (Faslodex) in castration resistant prostate cancer. Prostate. 2008 Sep 15;68(13):1461-6. PubMed PMID: 18618738.

232: Kundu P, Ciobotaru A, Foroughi S, Toro L, Stefani E, Eghbali M. Hormonal regulation of cardiac KCNE2 gene expression. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2008 Sep 24;292(1-2):50-62. Epub 2008 Jun 19. PubMed PMID: 18611433.

233: Hurtado A, Pinós T, Barbosa-Desongles A, López-Avilés S, Barquinero J, Petriz J, Santamaria-Martínez A, Morote J, de Torres I, Bellmunt J, Reventós J, Munell F. Estrogen receptor beta displays cell cycle-dependent expression and regulates the G1 phase through a non-genomic mechanism in prostate carcinoma cells. Cell Oncol. 2008;30(4):349-65. PubMed PMID: 18607069.

234: Safra T, Greenberg J, Ron IG, Ben-Yosef R, Inbar M, Sarid D, Yaal-Hahoshen N. Fulvestrant in heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer: is it still effective as a very advanced line of treatment? Isr Med Assoc J. 2008 May;10(5):339-43. PubMed PMID: 18605354.

235: Tiidus PM, Enns DL. Point:Counterpoint: Estrogen and sex do/do not influence post-exercise indexes of muscle damage, inflammation, and repair. J Appl Physiol. 2009 Mar;106(3):1010-2; discussion 1014-15, 1021. Epub 2008 Jul 3. PubMed PMID: 18599675.

236: Xue B, Zhao Y, Johnson AK, Hay M. Central estrogen inhibition of angiotensin II-induced hypertension in male mice and the role of reactive oxygen species. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008 Sep;295(3):H1025-H1032. Epub 2008 Jul 3. PubMed PMID: 18599599; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2544478.

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238: Nelson BP, Henriet RP, Holt AW, Bopp KC, Houser AP, Allgood OE Jr, Turner JE. The role of estrogen in the developmental appearance of sensory-motor behaviors in the zebrafish (Danio rerio): the characterization of the "listless" model. Brain Res. 2008 Jul 30;1222:118-28. Epub 2008 May 28. PubMed PMID: 18586226.

239: Yatkin E, Bernoulli J, Lammintausta R, Santti R. Fispemifene [Z-2-{2-[4-(4-chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-enyl)-phenoxy]ethoxy}-ethanol], a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator, attenuates glandular inflammation in an animal model of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008 Oct;327(1):58-67. Epub 2008 Jun 26. PubMed PMID: 18583549.

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241: Roan CJ, Huang CC, Cheng HH, Chien JM, Chou CT, Lin KL, Liu SI, Lu YC, Chang HT, Huang JK, Jan CR. Diethylstilbestrol-induced estrogen receptor-dependent [Ca2+]i rises and apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2008;28(3):307-22. PubMed PMID: 18569530.

242: Piu F, Cheevers C, Hyldtoft L, Gardell LR, Del Tredici AL, Andersen CB, Fairbairn LC, Lund BW, Gustafsson M, Schiffer HH, Donello JE, Olsson R, Gil DW, Brann MR. Broad modulation of neuropathic pain states by a selective estrogen receptor beta agonist. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Aug 20;590(1-3):423-9. Epub 2008 May 23. PubMed PMID: 18559275.

243: Chan BY, Lau KS, Jiang B, Kennelly EJ, Kronenberg F, Kung AW. Ethanolic extract of Actaea racemosa (black cohosh) potentiates bone nodule formation in MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells. Bone. 2008 Sep;43(3):567-73. Epub 2008 May 7. PubMed PMID: 18555764.

244: Lui K, Tamura T, Mori T, Zhou D, Chen S. MCF-7aro/ERE, a novel cell line for rapid screening of aromatase inhibitors, ERalpha ligands and ERRalpha ligands. Biochem Pharmacol. 2008 Jul 15;76(2):208-15. Epub 2008 May 1. PubMed PMID: 18550029; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2587126.

245: Kabil A, Silva E, Kortenkamp A. Estrogens and genomic instability in human breast cancer cells--involvement of Src/Raf/Erk signaling in micronucleus formation by estrogenic chemicals. Carcinogenesis. 2008 Oct;29(10):1862-8. Epub 2008 Jun 9. PubMed PMID: 18544561.

246: Yu J, Eto M, Kozaki K, Akishita M, Okabe T, Ouchi Y. Raloxifene analogue LY117018 suppresses oxidative stress-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through activation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Jul 28;589(1-3):32-6. Epub 2008 May 5. PubMed PMID: 18541231.

247: Buijs C, de Vries EG, Mourits MJ, Willemse PH. The influence of endocrine treatments for breast cancer on health-related quality of life. Cancer Treat Rev. 2008 Nov;34(7):640-55. Epub 2008 Jun 2. Review. PubMed PMID: 18514425.

248: Matsumoto M, Yamaguchi Y, Seino Y, Hatakeyama A, Takei H, Niikura H, Ito K, Suzuki T, Sasano H, Yaegashi N, Hayashi S. Estrogen signaling ability in human endometrial cancer through the cancer-stromal interaction. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2008 Jun;15(2):451-63. PubMed PMID: 18508998.

249: Casa AJ, Dearth RK, Litzenburger BC, Lee AV, Cui X. The type I insulin-like growth factor receptor pathway: a key player in cancer therapeutic resistance. Front Biosci. 2008 May 1;13:3273-87. Review. PubMed PMID: 18508432.

250: Merkel MJ, Liu L, Cao Z, Packwood W, Hurn PD, Van Winkle DM. Estradiol abolishes reduction in cell death by the opioid agonist Met5-enkephalin after oxygen glucose deprivation in isolated cardiomyocytes from both sexes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008 Jul;295(1):H409-15. Epub 2008 May 23. PubMed PMID: 18502904.

251: Smith A, Contreras C, Ko KH, Chow J, Dong X, Tuo B, Zhang HH, Chen DB, Dong H. Gender-specific protection of estrogen against gastric acid-induced duodenal injury: stimulation of duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion. Endocrinology. 2008 Sep;149(9):4554-66. Epub 2008 May 22. PubMed PMID: 18499763; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2553385.

252: Maynadier M, Nirdé P, Ramirez JM, Cathiard AM, Platet N, Chambon M, Garcia M. Role of estrogens and their receptors in adhesion and invasiveness of breast cancer cells. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2008;617:485-91. PubMed PMID: 18497073; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2566989.

253: Shen KH, Lin CH, Chang HK, Chen WC, Chen SH. Premarin can act via estrogen receptors to rescue mice from heatstroke-induced lethality. Shock. 2008 Dec;30(6):668-74. PubMed PMID: 18496235.

254: Yasuhara F, Gomes GR, Siu ER, Suenaga CI, Maróstica E, Porto CS, Lazari MF. Effects of the antiestrogen fulvestrant (ICI 182,780) on gene expression of the rat efferent ductules. Biol Reprod. 2008 Sep;79(3):432-41. Epub 2008 May 21. PubMed PMID: 18495684.

255: Chiesa IJ, Castillo LF, Lüthy IA. Contribution of alpha2-adrenoceptors to the mitogenic effect of catecholestrogen in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 May;110(1-2):170-5. Epub 2008 Apr 10. PubMed PMID: 18486470.

256: Veselik DJ, Divekar S, Dakshanamurthy S, Storchan GB, Turner JM, Graham KL, Huang L, Stoica A, Martin MB. Activation of estrogen receptor-alpha by the anion nitrite. Cancer Res. 2008 May 15;68(10):3950-8. PubMed PMID: 18483281.

257: Nagai MA, Brentani MM. Gene expression profiles in breast cancer to identify estrogen receptor target genes. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2008 May;8(5):448-54. Review. PubMed PMID: 18473934.

258: Ho PW, Garner CE, Ho JW, Leung KC, Chu AC, Kwok KH, Kung MH, Burka LT, Ramsden DB, Ho SL. Estrogenic phenol and catechol metabolites of PCBs modulate catechol-O-methyltransferase expression via the estrogen receptor: potential contribution to cancer risk. Curr Drug Metab. 2008 May;9(4):304-9. PubMed PMID: 18473748.

259: Wu Q, Zhao Z, Sun H, Hao YL, Yan CD, Gu SL. Oestrogen changed cardiomyocyte contraction and beta-adrenoceptor expression in rat hearts subjected to ischaemia-reperfusion. Exp Physiol. 2008 Sep;93(9):1034-43. Epub 2008 May 9. PubMed PMID: 18469068.

260: Teng J, Wang ZY, Prossnitz ER, Bjorling DE. The G protein-coupled receptor GPR30 inhibits human urothelial cell proliferation. Endocrinology. 2008 Aug;149(8):4024-34. Epub 2008 May 8. PubMed PMID: 18467434; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2488207.

261: Journé F, Body JJ, Leclercq G, Laurent G. Hormone therapy for breast cancer, with an emphasis on the pure antiestrogen fulvestrant: mode of action, antitumor efficacy and effects on bone health. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2008 May;7(3):241-58. Review. PubMed PMID: 18462183.

262: Macedo LF, Sabnis GJ, Goloubeva OG, Brodie A. Combination of anastrozole with fulvestrant in the intratumoral aromatase xenograft model. Cancer Res. 2008 May 1;68(9):3516-22. PubMed PMID: 18451180.

263: Ullrich ND, Krust A, Collins P, MacLeod KT. Genomic deletion of estrogen receptors ERalpha and ERbeta does not alter estrogen-mediated inhibition of Ca2+ influx and contraction in murine cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008 Jun;294(6):H2421-7. Epub 2008 Apr 25. PubMed PMID: 18441199.

264: Lee MJ, Lin H, Liu CW, Wu MH, Liao WJ, Chang HH, Ku HC, Chien YS, Ding WH, Kao YH. Octylphenol stimulates resistin gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via the estrogen receptor and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2008 Jun;294(6):C1542-51. Epub 2008 Apr 16. PubMed PMID: 18417718.

265: Frogne T, Benjaminsen RV, Sonne-Hansen K, Sorensen BS, Nexo E, Laenkholm AV, Rasmussen LM, Riese DJ 2nd, de Cremoux P, Stenvang J, Lykkesfeldt AE. Activation of ErbB3, EGFR and Erk is essential for growth of human breast cancer cell lines with acquired resistance to fulvestrant. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 Mar;114(2):263-75. Epub 2008 Apr 14. PubMed PMID: 18409071; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2764248.

266: Denger S, Reid G, Gannon F. Expression of the estrogen receptor during differentiation of human osteoclasts. Steroids. 2008 Aug;73(7):765-74. Epub 2008 Mar 18. PubMed PMID: 18406438.

267: Zbucka M, Miltyk W, Bielawski T, Surazynski A, Palka J, Wolczynski S. Mechanism of collagen biosynthesis up-regulation in cultured leiomyoma cells. Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2007;45 Suppl 1:S181-5. PubMed PMID: 18292830.

268: Kamanga-Sollo E, White ME, Hathaway MR, Chung KY, Johnson BJ, Dayton WR. Roles of IGF-I and the estrogen, androgen and IGF-I receptors in estradiol-17beta- and trenbolone acetate-stimulated proliferation of cultured bovine satellite cells. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2008 Jul;35(1):88-97. Epub 2008 Mar 24. PubMed PMID: 18403176.

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385: Szkudelski T. Resveratrol-induced inhibition of insulin secretion from rat pancreatic islets: evidence for pivotal role of metabolic disturbances. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Oct;293(4):E901-7. Epub 2007 Jun 19. PubMed PMID: 17578889.

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424: Suga S, Kato K, Ohgami T, Yamayoshi A, Adachi S, Asanoma K, Yamaguchi S, Arima T, Kinoshita K, Wake N. An inhibitory effect on cell proliferation by blockage of the MAPK/estrogen receptor/MDM2 signal pathway in gynecologic cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2007 May;105(2):341-50. Epub 2007 Feb 15. PubMed PMID: 17306348.

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426: Lupien M, Jeyakumar M, Hébert E, Hilmi K, Cotnoir-White D, Loch C, Auger A, Dayan G, Pinard GA, Wurtz JM, Moras D, Katzenellenbogen J, Mader S. Raloxifene and ICI182,780 increase estrogen receptor-alpha association with a nuclear compartment via overlapping sets of hydrophobic amino acids in activation function 2 helix 12. Mol Endocrinol. 2007 Apr;21(4):797-816. Epub 2007 Feb 13. PubMed PMID: 17299137.

427: Mlineritsch B, Psenak O, Mayer P, Moik M, Namberger K, Hauser-Kronberger C, Greil R. Fulvestrant ('Faslodex') in heavily pretreated postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer: single centre clinical experience from the compassionate use programme. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2007 Nov;106(1):105-12. Epub 2007 Feb 13. PubMed PMID: 17295045.

428: Carmona-Bayonas A. Potential benefit of maintenance trastuzumab and anastrozole therapy in male advanced breast cancer. Breast. 2007 Jun;16(3):323-5. Epub 2007 Feb 9. PubMed PMID: 17292609.

429: Yao M, Nguyen TV, Pike CJ. Estrogen regulates Bcl-w and Bim expression: role in protection against beta-amyloid peptide-induced neuronal death. J Neurosci. 2007 Feb 7;27(6):1422-33. PubMed PMID: 17287517.

430: Jacquot Y, Laïos I, Cleeren A, Nonclercq D, Bermont L, Refouvelet B, Boubekeur K, Xicluna A, Leclercq G, Laurent G. Synthesis, structure, and estrogenic activity of 4-amino-3-(2-methylbenzyl)coumarins on human breast carcinoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem. 2007 Mar 15;15(6):2269-82. Epub 2007 Jan 19. PubMed PMID: 17275315.

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432: Mello ML, Vidal BC, Russo IH, Lareef MH, Russo J. DNA content and chromatin texture of human breast epithelial cells transformed with 17-beta-estradiol and the estrogen antagonist ICI 182,780 as assessed by image analysis. Mutat Res. 2007 Apr 1;617(1-2):1-7. Epub 2007 Jan 8. PubMed PMID: 17270221; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2614559.

433: Rasmussen LM, Zaveri NT, Stenvang J, Peters RH, Lykkesfeldt AE. A novel dual-target steroid sulfatase inhibitor and antiestrogen: SR 16157, a promising agent for the therapy of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2007 Dec;106(2):191-203. Epub 2007 Feb 1. PubMed PMID: 17268816.

434: Mukai H, Tsurugizawa T, Murakami G, Kominami S, Ishii H, Ogiue-Ikeda M, Takata N, Tanabe N, Furukawa A, Hojo Y, Ooishi Y, Morrison JH, Janssen WG, Rose JA, Chambon P, Kato S, Izumi S, Yamazaki T, Kimoto T, Kawato S. Rapid modulation of long-term depression and spinogenesis via synaptic estrogen receptors in hippocampal principal neurons. J Neurochem. 2007 Feb;100(4):950-67. PubMed PMID: 17266735.

435: Migliaccio A, Castoria G, Di Domenico M, Ciociola A, Lombardi M, De Falco A, Nanayakkara M, Bottero D, De Stasio R, Varricchio L, Auricchio F. Crosstalk between EGFR and extranuclear steroid receptors. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Nov;1089:194-200. PubMed PMID: 17261767.

436: Catania C, Ascione G, Adamoli L, De Pas T, Medici M, Franceschelli L, Verri E, Magni E, Sanna G, Torrisi R, Goldhirsch A, Nolè F. Fulvestrant in heavily pre-treated patients with advanced breast cancer: results from a single compassionate use programme centre. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2007 Nov;106(1):97-103. Epub 2007 Jan 27. PubMed PMID: 17260095.

437: Kang JH, Lee CK, Kim JR, Yu SJ, Jo JH, Do BR, Kim HK, Kang SG. Estrogen stimulates the neuronal differentiation of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (CD34-). Neuroreport. 2007 Jan 8;18(1):35-8. PubMed PMID: 17259857.

438: Menendez D, Inga A, Snipe J, Krysiak O, Schönfelder G, Resnick MA. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in a half-binding site creates p53 and estrogen receptor control of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1. Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Apr;27(7):2590-600. Epub 2007 Jan 22. PubMed PMID: 17242190; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1899907.

439: Xing D, Feng W, Miller AP, Weathington NM, Chen YF, Novak L, Blalock JE, Oparil S. Estrogen modulates TNF-alpha-induced inflammatory responses in rat aortic smooth muscle cells through estrogen receptor-beta activation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Jun;292(6):H2607-12. Epub 2007 Jan 19. PubMed PMID: 17237237.

440: Cheshenko K, Brion F, Le Page Y, Hinfray N, Pakdel F, Kah O, Segner H, Eggen RI. Expression of zebra fish aromatase cyp19a and cyp19b genes in response to the ligands of estrogen receptor and aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Apr;96(2):255-67. Epub 2007 Jan 18. PubMed PMID: 17234648.

441: Wang YJ, Lin MW, Wu SN, Sung RJ. The activation by estrogen receptor agonists of the BK(Ca)-channel in human cardiac fibroblasts. Biochem Pharmacol. 2007 May 1;73(9):1347-57. Epub 2006 Dec 28. PubMed PMID: 17234159.

442: Jönsson D, Nilsson J, Odenlund M, Bratthall G, Broman J, Ekblad E, Lydrup ML, Nilsson BO. Demonstration of mitochondrial oestrogen receptor beta and oestrogen-induced attenuation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I expression in human periodontal ligament cells. Arch Oral Biol. 2007 Jul;52(7):669-76. Epub 2007 Jan 16. PubMed PMID: 17223066.

443: Frank LA. Oestrogen receptor antagonist and hair regrowth in dogs with hair cycle arrest (alopecia X). Vet Dermatol. 2007 Feb;18(1):63-6. PubMed PMID: 17222244.

444: Harlow CR, Bradshaw AC, Rae MT, Shearer KD, Hillier SG. Oestrogen formation and connective tissue growth factor expression in rat granulosa cells. J Endocrinol. 2007 Jan;192(1):41-52. PubMed PMID: 17210741.

445: Osipo C, Meeke K, Cheng D, Weichel A, Bertucci A, Liu H, Jordan VC. Role for HER2/neu and HER3 in fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer. Int J Oncol. 2007 Feb;30(2):509-20. PubMed PMID: 17203234.

446: Leblanc K, Sexton E, Parent S, Bélanger G, Déry MC, Boucher V, Asselin E. Effects of 4-hydroxytamoxifen, raloxifene and ICI 182 780 on survival of uterine cancer cell lines in the presence and absence of exogenous estrogens. Int J Oncol. 2007 Feb;30(2):477-87. PubMed PMID: 17203231.

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448: Guo SW, Olive DL. Two unsuccessful clinical trials on endometriosis and a few lessons learned. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2007;64(1):24-35. Epub 2007 Jan 5. Review. PubMed PMID: 17202821.

449: Pinto PI, Singh PB, Condeça JB, Teodósio HR, Power DM, Canário AV. ICI 182,780 has agonistic effects and synergizes with estradiol-17 beta in fish liver, but not in testis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2006 Dec 27;4:67. PubMed PMID: 17192186; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1769500.

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463: Hayashi Y, Kitaoka Y, Munemasa Y, Ohtani-Kaneko R, Kikusui T, Uematsu A, Takeda H, Hirata K, Mori Y, Ueno S. Neuroprotective effect of 17beta-estradiol against N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced retinal neurotoxicity via p-ERK induction. J Neurosci Res. 2007 Feb 1;85(2):386-94. PubMed PMID: 17131424.

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465: Lessey BA, Palomino WA, Apparao KB, Young SL, Lininger RA. Estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) and defects in uterine receptivity in women. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2006;4 Suppl 1:S9. PubMed PMID: 17118173; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1679803.

466: Brodie A, Sabnis G, Jelovac D. Aromatase and breast cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2006 Dec;102(1-5):97-102. PubMed PMID: 17113978; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1868399.

467: Leung HS, Seto SW, Kwan YW, Leung FP, Au AL, Yung LM, Yao X, Huang Y. Endothelium-independent relaxation to raloxifene in porcine coronary artery. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Jan 26;555(2-3):178-84. Epub 2006 Oct 20. PubMed PMID: 17113071.

468: Resnik KS, DiLeonardo M, Gibbons G. Clinically occult cutaneous metastases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Dec;55(6):1044-7. PubMed PMID: 17110220.

469: Katayama S, Ashizawa K, Gohma H, Fukuhara T, Narumi K, Tsuzuki Y, Tatemoto H, Nakada T, Nagai K. The expression of Hedgehog genes (Ihh, Dhh) and Hedgehog target genes (Ptc1, Gli1, Coup-TfII) is affected by estrogenic stimuli in the uterus of immature female rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006 Dec 15;217(3):375-83. Epub 2006 Oct 6. PubMed PMID: 17109907.

470: Papoutsi Z, Kassi E, Halabalaki M, Mitakou S, Moutsatsou P. Evaluation of estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity of Onobrychis ebenoides extract - interaction with estrogen receptor subtypes ERalpha and ERbeta. Toxicol In Vitro. 2007 Apr;21(3):364-70. Epub 2006 Sep 29. PubMed PMID: 17092687.

471: Yang FL, He H, Liu XX, Tu B, Zeng XW, Su JX, Wang X, Hu Q. Effects of raloxifene on caveolin-1 mRNA and protein expressions in vascular smooth muscle cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2006 Nov;38(11):747-52. PubMed PMID: 17091190.

472: Bowe J, Li XF, Kinsey-Jones J, Heyerick A, Brain S, Milligan S, O'Byrne K. The hop phytoestrogen, 8-prenylnaringenin, reverses the ovariectomy-induced rise in skin temperature in an animal model of menopausal hot flushes. J Endocrinol. 2006 Nov;191(2):399-405. PubMed PMID: 17088409; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1635969.

473: Ariazi EA, Lewis-Wambi JS, Gill SD, Pyle JR, Ariazi JL, Kim HR, Sharma CG, Cordera F, Shupp HA, Li T, Jordan VC. Emerging principles for the development of resistance to antihormonal therapy: implications for the clinical utility of fulvestrant. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2006 Dec;102(1-5):128-38. Epub 2006 Nov 7. PubMed PMID: 17085047; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1810511.

474: Roy S, De J, Kundu S, Biswas A, Pramanik M, Ray AK. Estradiol-17beta: tracing its metabolic significance in female fatbody of fifth instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori L (race: Nistari). Life Sci. 2007 Jan 9;80(5):446-53. Epub 2006 Oct 5. PubMed PMID: 17074367.

475: Guo RX, Wei LH, Zhao D, Wang JL, Li XP. [Effects of ICI182780 (Faslodex) on proliferation and apoptosis induced by 17beta-estradiol in endometrial carcinoma cells]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. 2006 Oct 18;38(5):470-4. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 17068616.

476: Robertson JF, Semiglazov V, Nemsadze G, Dzagnidze G, Janjalia M, Nicholson RI, Gee JM, Armstrong J; Study 41 Investigators. Effects of fulvestrant 250mg in premenopausal women with oestrogen receptor-positive primary breast cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2007 Jan;43(1):64-70. Epub 2006 Oct 24. PubMed PMID: 17064888.

477: Wang R, Zhang QG, Han D, Xu J, Lü Q, Zhang GY. Inhibition of MLK3-MKK4/7-JNK1/2 pathway by Akt1 in exogenous estrogen-induced neuroprotection against transient global cerebral ischemia by a non-genomic mechanism in male rats. J Neurochem. 2006 Dec;99(6):1543-54. Epub 2006 Oct 25. PubMed PMID: 17064355.

478: Leventhal L, Brandt MR, Cummons TA, Piesla MJ, Rogers KE, Harris HA. An estrogen receptor-beta agonist is active in models of inflammatory and chemical-induced pain. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 Dec 28;553(1-3):146-8. Epub 2006 Sep 26. PubMed PMID: 17056036.

479: Kawai T, Yokoyama Y, Kawai S, Yokoyama S, Oda K, Nagasaka T, Nagino M, Chaudry IH, Nimura Y. Does estrogen contribute to the hepatic regeneration following portal branch ligation in rats? Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007 Feb;292(2):G582-9. Epub 2006 Oct 19. PubMed PMID: 17053157.

480: Zhao QW, Lou YJ. [Estrogenic activity and its mechanism of ethanol extract from black soybean]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2006 May;31(10):825-8. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 17048667.

481: Zhang XG, Zhao QW. [Estrogenicity of adzuki bean Phaseolus angularis wight. and its effect on proesterone receptor level in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2006 Aug;31(15):1261-5. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 17048572.

482: Riggs KA, Wickramasinghe NS, Cochrum RK, Watts MB, Klinge CM. Decreased chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor II expression in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2006 Oct 15;66(20):10188-98. PubMed PMID: 17047084.

483: Hur J, Bell DW, Dean KL, Coser KR, Hilario PC, Okimoto RA, Tobey EM, Smith SL, Isselbacher KJ, Shioda T. Regulation of expression of BIK proapoptotic protein in human breast cancer cells: p53-dependent induction of BIK mRNA by fulvestrant and proteasomal degradation of BIK protein. Cancer Res. 2006 Oct 15;66(20):10153-61. PubMed PMID: 17047080.

484: Ikeda T, Matsuki N, Yamada MK. Estrogen produced in cultured hippocampal neurons is a functional regulator of a GABAergic machinery. J Neurosci Res. 2006 Dec;84(8):1771-7. PubMed PMID: 17044036.

485: Cuzzocrea S, Bruscoli S, Crisafulli C, Mazzon E, Agostini M, Muià C, Esposito E, Di Virgilio R, Meli R, Vegeto E, Maggi A, Riccardi C. Estrogen receptor antagonist fulvestrant (ICI 182,780) inhibits the anti-inflammatory effect of glucocorticoids. Mol Pharmacol. 2007 Jan;71(1):132-44. Epub 2006 Oct 11. PubMed PMID: 17035596.

486: Perey L, Paridaens R, Hawle H, Zaman K, Nolé F, Wildiers H, Fiche M, Dietrich D, Clément P, Köberle D, Goldhirsch A, Thürlimann B. Clinical benefit of fulvestrant in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer and primary or acquired resistance to aromatase inhibitors: final results of phase II Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research Trial (SAKK 21/00). Ann Oncol. 2007 Jan;18(1):64-9. Epub 2006 Oct 9. PubMed PMID: 17030543.

487: Dahm AE, Iversen N, Birkenes B, Ree AH, Sandset PM. Estrogens, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and a selective estrogen receptor down-regulator inhibit endothelial production of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 1. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2006 Oct 9;6:40. PubMed PMID: 17029634; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1609184.

488: Liu H, Cheng D, Weichel AK, Osipo C, Wing LK, Chen B, Louis TE, Jordan VC. Cooperative effect of gefitinib and fumitremorgin c on cell growth and chemosensitivity in estrogen receptor alpha negative fulvestrant-resistant MCF-7 cells. Int J Oncol. 2006 Nov;29(5):1237-46. PubMed PMID: 17016657.

489: Vergote I, Amant F, Leunen K, Van Gorp T, Berteloot P, Neven P. Metastatic breast cancer: sequencing hormonal therapy and positioning of fulvestrant. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2006;16 Suppl 2:524-6. Review. PubMed PMID: 17010064.

490: Howell A. Is fulvestrant ("Faslodex") just another selective estrogen receptor modulator? Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2006;16 Suppl 2:521-3. Review. PubMed PMID: 17010063.

491: Padron A, Li L, Kofoed EM, Schaufele F. Ligand-selective interdomain conformations of estrogen receptor-alpha. Mol Endocrinol. 2007 Jan;21(1):49-61. Epub 2006 Sep 28. PubMed PMID: 17008385.

492: Yada-Hashimoto N, Nishio Y, Ohmichi M, Hayakawa J, Mabuchi S, Hisamoto K, Nakatsuji Y, Sasaki H, Seino-Noda H, Sakata M, Tasaka K, Murata Y. Estrogen and raloxifene inhibit the monocytic chemoattractant protein-1-induced migration of human monocytic cells via nongenomic estrogen receptor alpha. Menopause. 2006 Nov-Dec;13(6):935-41. PubMed PMID: 17006379.

493: Bayes M, Rabasseda X, Prous JR. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Sep;28(7):451-95. Review. PubMed PMID: 17003851.

494: Bertelli G, Paridaens R. Optimal sequence of hormonotherapy in advanced breast cancer. Curr Opin Oncol. 2006 Nov;18(6):572-7. Review. PubMed PMID: 16988577.

495: Zurkovsky L, Brown SL, Korol DL. Estrogen modulates place learning through estrogen receptors in the hippocampus. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2006 Nov;86(3):336-43. Epub 2006 Sep 18. PubMed PMID: 16979357.

496: Henley D, Isbill M, Fernando R, Foster JS, Wimalasena J. Paclitaxel induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells requires cell cycle transit but not Cdc2 activity. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2007 Feb;59(2):235-49. Epub 2006 Sep 14. PubMed PMID: 16972069.

497: Masters RA, Crean BD, Yan W, Moss AG, Ryan PL, Wiley AA, Bagnell CA, Bartol FF. Neonatal porcine endometrial development and epithelial proliferation affected by age and exposure to estrogen and relaxin. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2007 Oct;33(3):335-46. Epub 2006 Aug 22. PubMed PMID: 16956745.

498: Howell A. Pure oestrogen antagonists for the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2006 Sep;13(3):689-706. Review. PubMed PMID: 16954425.

499: Zhao L, O'Neill K, Brinton RD. Estrogenic agonist activity of ICI 182,780 (Faslodex) in hippocampal neurons: implications for basic science understanding of estrogen signaling and development of estrogen modulators with a dual therapeutic profile. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Dec;319(3):1124-32. Epub 2006 Sep 1. PubMed PMID: 16951259.

500: Kajta M, Trotter A, Lasoń W, Beyer C. Impact of 17beta-estradiol on cytokine-mediated apoptotic effects in primary hippocampal and neocortical cell cultures. Brain Res. 2006 Oct 20;1116(1):64-74. Epub 2006 Sep 1. PubMed PMID: 16949056.

501: Pinna C, Bolego C, Sanvito P, Pelosi V, Baetta R, Corsini A, Gaion RM, Cignarella A. Raloxifene elicits combined rapid vasorelaxation and long-term anti-inflammatory actions in rat aorta. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Dec;319(3):1444-51. Epub 2006 Aug 30. PubMed PMID: 16943257.

502: Dodwell D, Pippen J. Time to response: comparison of fulvestrant and oral endocrine agents. Clin Breast Cancer. 2006 Aug;7(3):244-7. PubMed PMID: 16942641.

503: Quinn CE, Simmons DG, Kennedy TG. Expression of Cystatin C in the rat endometrium during the peri-implantation period. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Oct 13;349(1):236-44. Epub 2006 Aug 18. PubMed PMID: 16935259.

504: Pakrasi PL, Tiwari A. Ovulation induction by antiestrogens in an Indian tropical vespertillionid bat, Scotophilus heathi. Life Sci. 2006 Nov 2;79(23):2217-20. Epub 2006 Aug 1. PubMed PMID: 16934298.

505: Lewis-Wambi JS, Jordan VC. Treatment of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer with Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs). Breast Dis. 2005-2006;24:93-105. Review. PubMed PMID: 16917142.

506: Buzdar AU, Robertson JF. Fulvestrant: pharmacologic profile versus existing endocrine agents for the treatment of breast cancer. Ann Pharmacother. 2006 Sep;40(9):1572-83. Epub 2006 Aug 15. Review. PubMed PMID: 16912252.

507: Massarweh S, Osborne CK, Jiang S, Wakeling AE, Rimawi M, Mohsin SK, Hilsenbeck S, Schiff R. Mechanisms of tumor regression and resistance to estrogen deprivation and fulvestrant in a model of estrogen receptor-positive, HER-2/neu-positive breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2006 Aug 15;66(16):8266-73. PubMed PMID: 16912207.

508: Widyarini S, Domanski D, Painter N, Reeve VE. Estrogen receptor signaling protects against immune suppression by UV radiation exposure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 22;103(34):12837-42. Epub 2006 Aug 14. PubMed PMID: 16908847; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1568934.

509: Li X, Zhou L, Gorodeski GI. Estrogen regulates epithelial cell deformability by modulation of cortical actomyosin through phosphorylation of nonmuscle myosin heavy-chain II-B filaments. Endocrinology. 2006 Nov;147(11):5236-48. Epub 2006 Aug 10. PubMed PMID: 16901965; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2398684.

510: Ladage D, Brixius K, Hoyer H, Steingen C, Wesseling A, Malan D, Bloch W, Schwinger RH. Mechanisms underlying nebivolol-induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2006 Aug;33(8):720-4. PubMed PMID: 16895546.

511: Juncker-Jensen A, Lykkesfeldt AE, Worm J, Ralfkiaer U, Espelund U, Jepsen JS. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 is a marker for antiestrogen resistant human breast cancer cell lines but is not a major growth regulator. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2006 Aug;16(4):224-39. Epub 2006 Aug 8. PubMed PMID: 16893667.

512: Castillo C, Ceballos G, Rodríguez D, Villanueva C, Medina R, López J, Méndez E, Castillo EF. Effects of estradiol on phenylephrine contractility associated with intracellular calcium release in rat aorta. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2006 Dec;291(6):C1388-94. Epub 2006 Aug 2. PubMed PMID: 16885392.

513: Moritz A, Radtke OA, Gust R, Glusa E, Pertz HH. Characterisation of the relaxant response to raloxifene in porcine coronary arteries. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 Sep 18;545(2-3):153-60. Epub 2006 Jun 28. PubMed PMID: 16859668.

514: Aguado-Llera D, Arilla-Ferreiro E, Chowen JA, Argente J, Puebla-Jiménez L, Frago LM, Barrios V. 17Beta-estradiol protects depletion of rat temporal cortex somatostatinergic system by beta-amyloid. Neurobiol Aging. 2007 Sep;28(9):1396-409. Epub 2006 Jul 14. PubMed PMID: 16843571.

515: Jaber BM, Gao T, Huang L, Karmakar S, Smith CL. The pure estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 promotes a novel interaction of estrogen receptor-alpha with the 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein-binding protein/p300 coactivators. Mol Endocrinol. 2006 Nov;20(11):2695-710. Epub 2006 Jul 13. PubMed PMID: 16840538.

516: Ishii T, Nishimura K, Nishimura M. Administration of xenobiotics with anti-estrogenic effects results in mRNA induction of adult male-specific cytochrome P450 isozymes in the livers of adult female rats. J Pharmacol Sci. 2006 Jul;101(3):250-5. Epub 2006 Jul 13. PubMed PMID: 16837770.

517: Bhattacharyya RS, Krishnan AV, Swami S, Feldman D. Fulvestrant (ICI 182,780) down-regulates androgen receptor expression and diminishes androgenic responses in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 2006 Jun;5(6):1539-49. PubMed PMID: 16818513.

518: Bayes M, Rabasseda X, Prous JR. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Apr;28(3):185-206. PubMed PMID: 16810345.

519: Agrawal A, Cheung KL, Robertson JF. Fulvestrant in advanced male breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2007 Jan;101(1):123. Epub 2006 Jun 29. PubMed PMID: 16807672.

520: Cho J, Bahn JJ, Park M, Ahn W, Lee YJ. Hypoxic activation of unoccupied estrogen-receptor-alpha is mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2006 Jul;100(1-3):18-23. Epub 2006 Jun 23. PubMed PMID: 16797973.

521: Vanparys C, Maras M, Lenjou M, Robbens J, Van Bockstaele D, Blust R, De Coen W. Flow cytometric cell cycle analysis allows for rapid screening of estrogenicity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2006 Oct;20(7):1238-48. Epub 2006 May 16. PubMed PMID: 16797915.

522: Roy V, Perez EA. New therapies in the treatment of breast cancer. Semin Oncol. 2006 Jun;33(3 Suppl 9):S3-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 16797375.

523: Goodstadt L, Powell T, Figtree GA. 17beta-estradiol potentiates the cardiac cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride current in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. J Physiol Sci. 2006 Feb;56(1):29-37. PubMed PMID: 16779911.

524: Wu Y, Guo SW. Inhibition of proliferation of endometrial stromal cells by trichostatin A, RU486, CDB-2914, N-acetylcysteine, and ICI 182780. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2006;62(4):193-205. Epub 2006 Jun 16. PubMed PMID: 16778450.

525: Chen WF, Wong MS. Genistein modulates the effects of parathyroid hormone in human osteoblastic SaOS-2 cells. Br J Nutr. 2006 Jun;95(6):1039-47. PubMed PMID: 16768824.

526: Shimizu K, Yamanaka M, Gyokusen M, Kaneko S, Tsutsui M, Sato J, Sato I, Sato M, Kondo R. Estrogen-like activity and prevention effect of bone loss in calcium deficient ovariectomized rats by the extract of Pleurotus eryngii. Phytother Res. 2006 Aug;20(8):659-64. PubMed PMID: 16767794.

527: Walf AA, Rhodes ME, Meade JR, Harney JP, Frye CA. Estradiol-induced conditioned place preference may require actions at estrogen receptors in the nucleus accumbens. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2007 Mar;32(3):522-30. Epub 2006 Jun 7. PubMed PMID: 16760920.

528: Kondo D, Yabe R, Kurihara T, Saegusa H, Zong S, Tanabe T. Progesterone receptor antagonist is effective in relieving neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 Jul 10;541(1-2):44-8. Epub 2006 May 13. PubMed PMID: 16759651.

529: Anahara R, Toyama Y, Maekawa M, Yoshida M, Kai M, Ishino F, Toshimori K, Mori C. Anti-estrogen ICI 182.780 and anti-androgen flutamide induce tyrosine phosphorylation of cortactin in the ectoplasmic specialization between the Sertoli cell and spermatids in the mouse testis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Jul 21;346(1):276-80. Epub 2006 May 30. PubMed PMID: 16756952.

530: Leung YK, Gao Y, Lau KM, Zhang X, Ho SM. ICI 182,780-regulated gene expression in DU145 prostate cancer cells is mediated by estrogen receptor-beta/NFkappaB crosstalk. Neoplasia. 2006 Apr;8(4):242-9. PubMed PMID: 16756716; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1600682.

531: Cabilla JP, Díaz Mdel C, Machiavelli LI, Poliandri AH, Quinteros FA, Lasaga M, Duvilanski BH. 17 beta-estradiol modifies nitric oxide-sensitive guanylyl cyclase expression and down-regulates its activity in rat anterior pituitary gland. Endocrinology. 2006 Sep;147(9):4311-8. Epub 2006 Jun 1. PubMed PMID: 16740976.

532: Liu J, Li J, Sidell N. Modulation by phenylacetate of early estrogen-mediated events in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2007 Feb;59(2):217-25. PubMed PMID: 16738884.

533: Quirk SM, Cowan RG, Harman RM. The susceptibility of granulosa cells to apoptosis is influenced by oestradiol and the cell cycle. J Endocrinol. 2006 Jun;189(3):441-53. PubMed PMID: 16731776.

534: Shen SS, Smith CL, Hsieh JT, Yu J, Kim IY, Jian W, Sonpavde G, Ayala GE, Younes M, Lerner SP. Expression of estrogen receptors-alpha and -beta in bladder cancer cell lines and human bladder tumor tissue. Cancer. 2006 Jun 15;106(12):2610-6. PubMed PMID: 16700038.

535: Trotter A, Ebsen M, Kiossis E, Meggle S, Kueppers E, Beyer C, Pohlandt F, Maier L, Thome UH. Prenatal estrogen and progesterone deprivation impairs alveolar formation and fluid clearance in newborn piglets. Pediatr Res. 2006 Jul;60(1):60-4. Epub 2006 May 11. PubMed PMID: 16690946.

536: Harrington WR, Sengupta S, Katzenellenbogen BS. Estrogen regulation of the glucuronidation enzyme UGT2B15 in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Endocrinology. 2006 Aug;147(8):3843-50. Epub 2006 May 11. PubMed PMID: 16690804.

537: Gao M, Sun PM, Zhao D, Wang JL, Li XP, Wei LH. [Regulatory effect of 17beta-estradiol on expression of orphan nuclear receptor ERRalpha in endometrial carcinoma cell lines]. Ai Zheng. 2006 May;25(5):538-42. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 16687070.

538: Miyatake M, Miyagawa K, Mizuo K, Narita M, Suzuki T. Dynamic changes in dopaminergic neurotransmission induced by a low concentration of bisphenol-A in neurones and astrocytes. J Neuroendocrinol. 2006 Jun;18(6):434-44. PubMed PMID: 16684133.

539: Yan W, Ryan PL, Bartol FF, Bagnell CA. Uterotrophic effects of relaxin related to age and estrogen receptor activation in neonatal pigs. Reproduction. 2006 May;131(5):943-50. PubMed PMID: 16672358.

540: Wong LJ, Dai P, Lu JF, Lou MA, Clarke R, Nazarov V. AIB1 gene amplification and the instability of polyQ encoding sequence in breast cancer cell lines. BMC Cancer. 2006 May 2;6:111. PubMed PMID: 16670003; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1468420.

541: Tanabe N, Kimoto T, Kawato S. Rapid Ca(2+) signaling induced by Bisphenol A in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2006 Feb-Apr;27(1-2):97-104. PubMed PMID: 16648781.

542: Luo W, Wiltbank MC. Distinct regulation by steroids of messenger RNAs for FSHR and CYP19A1 in bovine granulosa cells. Biol Reprod. 2006 Aug;75(2):217-25. Epub 2006 Apr 26. PubMed PMID: 16641147.

543: Juretić A, Sarić N, Bisof V, Basić-Koretić M. [Fulvestrant: a new agent in endocrine treatment for breast cancer]. Lijec Vjesn. 2006 Jan-Feb;128(1-2):31-6. Review. Croatian. PubMed PMID: 16640225.

544: Schmidt S, Degen GH, Seibel J, Hertrampf T, Vollmer G, Diel P. Hormonal activity of combinations of genistein, bisphenol A and 17beta-estradiol in the female Wistar rat. Arch Toxicol. 2006 Dec;80(12):839-45. PubMed PMID: 16639590.

545: González-Arenas A, Aguilar-Maldonado B, Avendaño-Vázquez SE, García-Sáinz JA. Estrogens cross-talk to alpha1b-adrenergic receptors. Mol Pharmacol. 2006 Jul;70(1):154-62. Epub 2006 Apr 25. PubMed PMID: 16638969.

546: Gayosso V, Montano LF, López-Marure R. DHEA-induced antiproliferative effect in MCF-7 cells is androgen- and estrogen receptor-independent. Cancer J. 2006 Mar-Apr;12(2):160-5. PubMed PMID: 16630408.

547: Maran A, Gorny G, Oursler MJ, Zhang M, Shogren KL, Yaszemski MJ, Turner RT. 2-methoxyestradiol inhibits differentiation and is cytotoxic to osteoclasts. J Cell Biochem. 2006 Oct 1;99(2):425-34. PubMed PMID: 16619269.

548: García-Becerra R, Borja-Cacho E, Cooney AJ, Smith CL, Lemus AE, Pérez-Palacios G, Larrea F. Synthetic 19-nortestosterone derivatives as estrogen receptor alpha subtype-selective ligands induce similar receptor conformational changes and steroid receptor coactivator recruitment than natural estrogens. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2006 May;99(2-3):108-14. Epub 2006 Apr 17. PubMed PMID: 16616843.

549: Wang X, Dykens JA, Perez E, Liu R, Yang S, Covey DF, Simpkins JW. Neuroprotective effects of 17beta-estradiol and nonfeminizing estrogens against H2O2 toxicity in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2006 Jul;70(1):395-404. Epub 2006 Apr 13. PubMed PMID: 16614138.

550: O'Regan RM, Osipo C, Ariazi E, Lee ES, Meeke K, Morris C, Bertucci A, Sarker MA, Grigg R, Jordan VC. Development and therapeutic options for the treatment of raloxifene-stimulated breast cancer in athymic mice. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Apr 1;12(7 Pt 1):2255-63. PubMed PMID: 16609042.

551: Calligé M, Richard-Foy H. Ligand-induced estrogen receptor alpha degradation by the proteasome: new actors? Nucl Recept Signal. 2006;4:e004. Epub 2006 Feb 8. PubMed PMID: 16604167; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1402212.

552: Cheung KL, Owers R, Robertson JF. Endocrine response after prior treatment with fulvestrant in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer: experience from a single centre. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2006 Mar;13(1):251-5. PubMed PMID: 16601292.

553: Aguilar R, Bellido C, Garrido-Gracia JC, Alonso R, Sánchez-Criado JE. Estradiol and its membrane-impermeable conjugate estradiol-BSA inhibit tamoxifen-stimulated prolactin secretion in incubated rat pituitaries. Reproduction. 2006 Apr;131(4):763-9. PubMed PMID: 16595727.

554: Jiang XR, Sowell JW, Zhu BT. Synthesis of 7alpha-substituted derivatives of 17beta-estradiol. Steroids. 2006 May;71(5):334-42. Epub 2006 Mar 24. PubMed PMID: 16563449.

555: Bartsch R, Wenzel C, Pluschnig U, Hussian D, Sevelda U, Altorjai G, Locker GJ, Mader R, Zielinski CC, Steger GG. Prognostic value of monitoring tumour markers CA 15-3 and CEA during fulvestrant treatment. BMC Cancer. 2006 Mar 26;6:81. PubMed PMID: 16563172; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1435763.

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658: Shiroma S, Yamaguchi T, Kometani K. Effects of 17beta-estradiol on chemically induced long-term depression. Neuropharmacology. 2005 Jul;49(1):97-102. Epub 2005 Apr 2. PubMed PMID: 15992584.

659: Robertson JF, Howell A, Gorbunova VA, Watanabe T, Pienkowski T, Lichinitser MR. Sensitivity to further endocrine therapy is retained following progression on first-line fulvestrant. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2005 Jul;92(2):169-74. PubMed PMID: 15986127.

660: Howell A. Selective oestrogen receptor modulators, aromatase inhibitors and the female breast. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Aug;17(4):429-34. Review. PubMed PMID: 15976552.

661: Lee HY, Sherwood OD. The effects of blocking the actions of estrogen and progesterone on the rates of proliferation and apoptosis of cervical epithelial and stromal cells during the second half of pregnancy in rats. Biol Reprod. 2005 Oct;73(4):790-7. Epub 2005 Jun 22. PubMed PMID: 15972881.

662: Crane-Godreau MA, Wira CR. Effects of estradiol on lipopolysaccharide and Pam3Cys stimulation of CCL20/macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha production by uterine epithelial cells in culture. Infect Immun. 2005 Jul;73(7):4231-7. PubMed PMID: 15972514; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1168574.

663: Brodie A, Jelovac D, Sabnis G, Long B, Macedo L, Goloubeva O. Model systems: mechanisms involved in the loss of sensitivity to letrozole. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 May;95(1-5):41-8. PubMed PMID: 15967659.

664: Valley CC, Métivier R, Solodin NM, Fowler AM, Mashek MT, Hill L, Alarid ET. Differential regulation of estrogen-inducible proteolysis and transcription by the estrogen receptor alpha N terminus. Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Jul;25(13):5417-28. PubMed PMID: 15964799; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1156995.

665: Jelovac D, Macedo L, Goloubeva OG, Handratta V, Brodie AM. Additive antitumor effect of aromatase inhibitor letrozole and antiestrogen fulvestrant in a postmenopausal breast cancer model. Cancer Res. 2005 Jun 15;65(12):5439-44. PubMed PMID: 15958593.

666: Jelovac D, Sabnis G, Long BJ, Macedo L, Goloubeva OG, Brodie AM. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in xenografts and cells during prolonged treatment with aromatase inhibitor letrozole. Cancer Res. 2005 Jun 15;65(12):5380-9. PubMed PMID: 15958587.

667: Ponzone R, Sismondi P. Selected highlights from the 27th San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium. San Antonio, TX, USA, 8-11 December 2004. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2005 Jun;6(7):1257-67. PubMed PMID: 15957978.

668: Suuronen T, Nuutinen T, Huuskonen J, Ojala J, Thornell A, Salminen A. Anti-inflammatory effect of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) in microglial cells. Inflamm Res. 2005 May;54(5):194-203. PubMed PMID: 15953991.

669: Pelzer T, Jazbutyte V, Hu K, Segerer S, Nahrendorf M, Nordbeck P, Bonz AW, Muck J, Fritzemeier KH, Hegele-Hartung C, Ertl G, Neyses L. The estrogen receptor-alpha agonist 16alpha-LE2 inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and improves hemodynamic function in estrogen-deficient spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cardiovasc Res. 2005 Sep 1;67(4):604-12. PubMed PMID: 15950203.

670: Kendall SL, Anderson CF, Nath A, Turchan-Cholewo J, Land CL, Mactutus CF, Booze RM. Gonadal steroids differentially modulate neurotoxicity of HIV and cocaine: testosterone and ICI 182,780 sensitive mechanism. BMC Neurosci. 2005 Jun 8;6:40. PubMed PMID: 15943860; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1177959.

671: Howell A, Pippen J, Elledge RM, Mauriac L, Vergote I, Jones SE, Come SE, Osborne CK, Robertson JF. Fulvestrant versus anastrozole for the treatment of advanced breast carcinoma: a prospectively planned combined survival analysis of two multicenter trials. Cancer. 2005 Jul 15;104(2):236-9. PubMed PMID: 15937908.

672: Younglai EV, Wu YJ, Kwan TK, Kwan CY. Non-genomic action of estradiol and progesterone on cytosolic calcium concentrations in primary cultures of human granulosa-lutein cells. Hum Reprod. 2005 Sep;20(9):2383-90. Epub 2005 Jun 2. PubMed PMID: 15932916.

673: Meachem SJ, Robertson DM, Wreford NG, McLachlan RI, Stanton PG. Oestrogen does not affect the restoration of spermatogenesis in the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone-immunised adult rat. J Endocrinol. 2005 Jun;185(3):529-38. PubMed PMID: 15930179.

674: Nellemann C, Dalgaard M, Holst B, Bonefeld-Jørgensen EC, Vinggaard AM. Gene expression changes in rat prostate after activation or blocking of the androgen and estrogen receptor. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2005 Jun 15;237(1-2):25-35. PubMed PMID: 15925091.

675: Gu G, Hentunen TA, Nars M, Härkönen PL, Väänänen HK. Estrogen protects primary osteocytes against glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis. 2005 May;10(3):583-95. PubMed PMID: 15909120.

676: Dodwell D, Vergote I. A comparison of fulvestrant and the third-generation aromatase inhibitors in the second-line treatment of postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Cancer Treat Rev. 2005 Jun;31(4):274-82. Review. PubMed PMID: 15908126.

677: Eghbali M, Deva R, Alioua A, Minosyan TY, Ruan H, Wang Y, Toro L, Stefani E. Molecular and functional signature of heart hypertrophy during pregnancy. Circ Res. 2005 Jun 10;96(11):1208-16. Epub 2005 May 19. PubMed PMID: 15905459.

678: Russo R, Navarra M, Maiuolo J, Rotiroti D, Bagetta G, Corasaniti MT. 17beta-estradiol protects SH-SY5Y Cells against HIV-1 gp120-induced cell death: evidence for a role of estrogen receptors. Neurotoxicology. 2005 Oct;26(5):905-13. PubMed PMID: 15899520.

679: Andersson M. [Fulvestrant]. Ugeskr Laeger. 2005 Apr 18;167(16):1731-3. Danish. PubMed PMID: 15898600.

680: Pawlak J, Brito V, Küppers E, Beyer C. Regulation of glutamate transporter GLAST and GLT-1 expression in astrocytes by estrogen. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2005 Jul 29;138(1):1-7. PubMed PMID: 15896872.

681: Emens LA. Trastuzumab: targeted therapy for the management of HER-2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. Am J Ther. 2005 May-Jun;12(3):243-53. Review. PubMed PMID: 15891269.

682: Kahán Z, Thurzó L. [Hormone resistance and its modulation in breast cancer]. Orv Hetil. 2005 Apr 17;146(16):731-7. Review. Hungarian. PubMed PMID: 15889669.

683: Sabnis GJ, Jelovac D, Long B, Brodie A. The role of growth factor receptor pathways in human breast cancer cells adapted to long-term estrogen deprivation. Cancer Res. 2005 May 1;65(9):3903-10. PubMed PMID: 15867390.

684: Jones SE, Pippen J. Effectiveness and tolerability of fulvestrant in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer. 2005 Apr;6 Suppl 1:S9-14. Review. PubMed PMID: 15865850.

685: Carlson RW. The history and mechanism of action of fulvestrant. Clin Breast Cancer. 2005 Apr;6 Suppl 1:S5-8. PubMed PMID: 15865849.

686: Gradishar WJ. Clinical value of fulvestrant in breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer. 2005 Apr;6 Suppl 1:S4. PubMed PMID: 15865848.

687: Gradishar WJ, Sahmoud T. Current and future perspectives on fulvestrant. Clin Breast Cancer. 2005 Apr;6 Suppl 1:S23-9. PubMed PMID: 15865847.

688: Come SE, Borges VF. Role of fulvestrant in sequential hormonal therapy for advanced, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Clin Breast Cancer. 2005 Apr;6 Suppl 1:S15-22. Review. PubMed PMID: 15865846.

689: Pietras RJ, Márquez DC, Chen HW, Tsai E, Weinberg O, Fishbein M. Estrogen and growth factor receptor interactions in human breast and non-small cell lung cancer cells. Steroids. 2005 May-Jun;70(5-7):372-81. Epub 2005 Mar 25. PubMed PMID: 15862820.

690: Osipo C, Gajdos C, Cheng D, Jordan VC. Reversal of tamoxifen resistant breast cancer by low dose estrogen therapy. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 Feb;93(2-5):249-56. PubMed PMID: 15860267.

691: Howell A, Buzdar A. Are aromatase inhibitors superior to antiestrogens? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 Feb;93(2-5):237-47. Review. PubMed PMID: 15860266.

692: Oliveira CA, Carnes K, França LR, Hermo L, Hess RA. Aquaporin-1 and -9 are differentially regulated by oestrogen in the efferent ductule epithelium and initial segment of the epididymis. Biol Cell. 2005 Jun;97(6):385-95. PubMed PMID: 15850448; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2760966.

693: Reed CA, Berndtson AK, Nephew KP. Dose-dependent effects of 4-hydroxytamoxifen, the active metabolite of tamoxifen, on estrogen receptor-alpha expression in the rat uterus. Anticancer Drugs. 2005 Jun;16(5):559-67. PubMed PMID: 15846122.

694: Elloso MM, Phiel K, Henderson RA, Harris HA, Adelman SJ. Suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using estrogen receptor-selective ligands. J Endocrinol. 2005 May;185(2):243-52. PubMed PMID: 15845917.

695: Seegal RF, Brosch KO, Okoniewski RJ. Coplanar PCB congeners increase uterine weight and frontal cortical dopamine in the developing rat: implications for developmental neurotoxicity. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Jul;86(1):125-31. Epub 2005 Apr 20. PubMed PMID: 15843507.

696: Rai D, Frolova A, Frasor J, Carpenter AE, Katzenellenbogen BS. Distinctive actions of membrane-targeted versus nuclear localized estrogen receptors in breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Jun;19(6):1606-17. Epub 2005 Apr 14. PubMed PMID: 15831524.

697: Grant-Tschudy KS, Wira CR. Effect of oestradiol on mouse uterine epithelial cell tumour necrosis factor-alpha release is mediated through uterine stromal cells. Immunology. 2005 May;115(1):99-107. PubMed PMID: 15819702; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1782123.

698: Bundred N. Preclinical and clinical experience with fulvestrant (Faslodex) in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. Cancer Invest. 2005;23(2):173-81. Review. PubMed PMID: 15813510.

699: Mitani M, Miura Y, Saura R, Kitagawa A, Fukuyama T, Hashiramoto A, Shiozawa S, Kurosaka M, Yoshiya S. Estrogen specifically stimulates expression and production of osteoprotegerin from rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts. Int J Mol Med. 2005 May;15(5):827-32. PubMed PMID: 15806305.

700: Saji S, Kawakami M, Hayashi S, Yoshida N, Hirose M, Horiguchi S, Itoh A, Funata N, Schreiber SL, Yoshida M, Toi M. Significance of HDAC6 regulation via estrogen signaling for cell motility and prognosis in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Oncogene. 2005 Jun 30;24(28):4531-9. PubMed PMID: 15806142.

701: Jakesz R. [New strategies against breast carcinoma. To outwit the resistance tendency of tumor cells]. MMW Fortschr Med. 2005 Mar 10;147(10):8. German. PubMed PMID: 15803774.

702: Menuet A, Pellegrini E, Brion F, Gueguen MM, Anglade I, Pakdel F, Kah O. Expression and estrogen-dependent regulation of the zebrafish brain aromatase gene. J Comp Neurol. 2005 May 16;485(4):304-20. PubMed PMID: 15803511.

703: Gingerich S, Krukoff TL. Estrogen modulates endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression via an estrogen receptor beta-dependent mechanism in hypothalamic slice cultures. Endocrinology. 2005 Jul;146(7):2933-41. Epub 2005 Mar 24. PubMed PMID: 15790731.

704: Adachi T, Yasuda K, Mori C, Yoshinaga M, Aoki N, Tsujimoto G, Tsuda K. Promoting insulin secretion in pancreatic islets by means of bisphenol A and nonylphenol via intracellular estrogen receptors. Food Chem Toxicol. 2005 May;43(5):713-9. PubMed PMID: 15778011.

705: Magness RR, Phernetton TM, Gibson TC, Chen DB. Uterine blood flow responses to ICI 182 780 in ovariectomized oestradiol-17beta-treated, intact follicular and pregnant sheep. J Physiol. 2005 May 15;565(Pt 1):71-83. Epub 2005 Mar 17. PubMed PMID: 15774510; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1464500.

706: Arreguin-Arevalo JA, Nett TM. A nongenomic action of 17beta-estradiol as the mechanism underlying the acute suppression of secretion of luteinizing hormone. Biol Reprod. 2005 Jul;73(1):115-22. Epub 2005 Mar 16. PubMed PMID: 15772257.

707: Gralow JR. Optimizing the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2005;89 Suppl 1:S9-S15. Review. PubMed PMID: 15770536.

708: Guo X, Razandi M, Pedram A, Kassab G, Levin ER. Estrogen induces vascular wall dilation: mediation through kinase signaling to nitric oxide and estrogen receptors alpha and beta. J Biol Chem. 2005 May 20;280(20):19704-10. Epub 2005 Mar 11. PubMed PMID: 15764600.

709: Hewitt SC, Deroo BJ, Korach KS. Signal transduction. A new mediator for an old hormone? Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1572-3. PubMed PMID: 15761144.

710: Xu JW, Ikeda K, Yamori Y. Genistein inhibits expressions of NADPH oxidase p22phox and angiotensin II type 1 receptor in aortic endothelial cells from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertens Res. 2004 Sep;27(9):675-83. PubMed PMID: 15750262.

711: Shayu D, Kesava CC, Soundarajan R, Rao AJ. Effects of ICI 182780 on estrogen receptor expression, fluid absorption and sperm motility in the epididymis of the bonnet monkey. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2005 Mar 2;3:10. PubMed PMID: 15743524; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1079944.

712: Hershberger PA, Vasquez AC, Kanterewicz B, Land S, Siegfried JM, Nichols M. Regulation of endogenous gene expression in human non-small cell lung cancer cells by estrogen receptor ligands. Cancer Res. 2005 Feb 15;65(4):1598-605. PubMed PMID: 15735050.

713: Stabile LP, Lyker JS, Gubish CT, Zhang W, Grandis JR, Siegfried JM. Combined targeting of the estrogen receptor and the epidermal growth factor receptor in non-small cell lung cancer shows enhanced antiproliferative effects. Cancer Res. 2005 Feb 15;65(4):1459-70. PubMed PMID: 15735034.

714: Kaplow R. Innovations in antineoplastic therapy. Nurs Clin North Am. 2005 Mar;40(1):77-94. Review. PubMed PMID: 15733948.

715: Sakamoto M, Ueno T, Nakamura T, Sakata R, Hasimoto O, Torimura T, Sata M. Improvement of portal hypertension and hepatic blood flow in cirrhotic rats by oestrogen. Eur J Clin Invest. 2005 Mar;35(3):220-5. PubMed PMID: 15733078.

716: Perry GA, Welshons WV, Bott RC, Smith MF. Basis of melengestrol acetate action as a progestin. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2005 Feb;28(2):147-61. PubMed PMID: 15713363.

717: Gibson LL, Hahner L, Osborne-Lawrence S, German Z, Wu KK, Chambliss KL, Shaul PW. Molecular basis of estrogen-induced cyclooxygenase type 1 upregulation in endothelial cells. Circ Res. 2005 Mar 18;96(5):518-25. Epub 2005 Feb 10. PubMed PMID: 15705965.

718: Buzdar AU. TAS-108: a novel steroidal antiestrogen. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Jan 15;11(2 Pt 2):906s-8s. Review. PubMed PMID: 15701885.

719: Brodie A, Jelovac D, Macedo L, Sabnis G, Tilghman S, Goloubeva O. Therapeutic observations in MCF-7 aromatase xenografts. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Jan 15;11(2 Pt 2):884s-8s. Review. PubMed PMID: 15701882.

720: Osborne CK, Shou J, Massarweh S, Schiff R. Crosstalk between estrogen receptor and growth factor receptor pathways as a cause for endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Jan 15;11(2 Pt 2):865s-70s. Review. PubMed PMID: 15701879.

721: Robertson JF, Come SE, Jones SE, Beex L, Kaufmann M, Makris A, Nortier JW, Possinger K, Rutqvist LE. Endocrine treatment options for advanced breast cancer--the role of fulvestrant. Eur J Cancer. 2005 Feb;41(3):346-56. Review. PubMed PMID: 15691633.

722: Piccart-Gebhart MJ, Loi SM. Fulvestrant--ready to start its journey in the breast cancer adjuvant endocrine world? Eur J Cancer. 2005 Feb;41(3):341-3. PubMed PMID: 15691631.

723: Rassi CM, Lieberherr M, Chaumaz G, Pointillart A, Cournot G. Modulation of osteoclastogenesis in porcine bone marrow cultures by quercetin and rutin. Cell Tissue Res. 2005 Mar;319(3):383-93. Epub 2005 Feb 2. PubMed PMID: 15688188.

724: Hung H. Suppression of ps20 expression in the rat uterus by tamoxifen and estrogens. Endocrinology. 2005 May;146(5):2388-96. Epub 2005 Jan 27. PubMed PMID: 15677758.

725: Yamamoto Y, Shibata J, Yonekura K, Sato K, Hashimoto A, Aoyagi Y, Wierzba K, Yano S, Asao T, Buzdar AU, Terada T. TAS-108, a novel oral steroidal antiestrogenic agent, is a pure antagonist on estrogen receptor alpha and a partial agonist on estrogen receptor beta with low uterotrophic effect. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Jan 1;11(1):315-22. PubMed PMID: 15671561.

726: Felekkis KN, Narsimhan RP, Near R, Castro AF, Zheng Y, Quilliam LA, Lerner A. AND-34 activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and induces anti-estrogen resistance in a SH2 and GDP exchange factor-like domain-dependent manner. Mol Cancer Res. 2005 Jan;3(1):32-41. PubMed PMID: 15671247.

727: Walsh DE, Dockery P, Doolan CM. Estrogen receptor independent rapid non-genomic effects of environmental estrogens on [Ca2+]i in human breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2005 Jan 31;230(1-2):23-30. PubMed PMID: 15664448.

728: Riggins RB, Zwart A, Nehra R, Clarke R. The nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor parthenolide restores ICI 182,780 (Faslodex; fulvestrant)-induced apoptosis in antiestrogen-resistant breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 2005 Jan;4(1):33-41. PubMed PMID: 15657351.

729: Lareef MH, Garber J, Russo PA, Russo IH, Heulings R, Russo J. The estrogen antagonist ICI-182-780 does not inhibit the transformation phenotypes induced by 17-beta-estradiol and 4-OH estradiol in human breast epithelial cells. Int J Oncol. 2005 Feb;26(2):423-9. PubMed PMID: 15645127.

730: Roepke TA, Snyder MJ, Cherr GN. Estradiol and endocrine disrupting compounds adversely affect development of sea urchin embryos at environmentally relevant concentrations. Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Jan 26;71(2):155-73. Epub 2004 Dec 25. PubMed PMID: 15642640.

731: Harwood KV. Advances in endocrine therapy for breast cancer: considering efficacy, safety, and quality of life. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2004 Dec;8(6):629-37. Review. PubMed PMID: 15637958.

732: Lee GS, Kim HJ, Jung YW, Choi KC, Jeung EB. Estrogen receptor alpha pathway is involved in the regulation of Calbindin-D9k in the uterus of immature rats. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Apr;84(2):270-7. Epub 2005 Jan 5. PubMed PMID: 15635152.

733: Klinge CM, Blankenship KA, Risinger KE, Bhatnagar S, Noisin EL, Sumanasekera WK, Zhao L, Brey DM, Keynton RS. Resveratrol and estradiol rapidly activate MAPK signaling through estrogen receptors alpha and beta in endothelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2005 Mar 4;280(9):7460-8. Epub 2004 Dec 22. PubMed PMID: 15615701.

734: Zierau O, O'Sullivan J, Morrissey C, McDonald D, Wünsche W, Schneider MR, Tenniswood MP, Vollmer G. Tamoxifen exerts agonistic effects on clusterin and complement C3 gene expression in RUCA-I primary xenografts and metastases but not normal uterus. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2004 Dec;11(4):823-30. PubMed PMID: 15613455.

735: Hennessy BA, Harvey BJ, Healy V. 17beta-Estradiol rapidly stimulates c-fos expression via the MAPK pathway in T84 cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2005 Jan 14;229(1-2):39-47. PubMed PMID: 15607527.

736: Ohnemus U, Uenalan M, Conrad F, Handjiski B, Mecklenburg L, Nakamura M, Inzunza J, Gustafsson JA, Paus R. Hair cycle control by estrogens: catagen induction via estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha is checked by ER beta signaling. Endocrinology. 2005 Mar;146(3):1214-25. Epub 2004 Dec 9. PubMed PMID: 15591132.

737: Owers R. Clinical experience with fulvestrant ('Faslodex'): a nurse's perspective. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2004;8 Suppl 2:S89-94. Review. PubMed PMID: 15590320.

738: Lynn J. Fulvestrant ('Faslodex')--a new hormonal treatment for advanced breast cancer. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2004;8 Suppl 2:S83-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 15590319.

739: Balabhadrapathruni S, Santhakumaran LM, Thomas TJ, Shirahata A, Gallo MA, Thomas T. Bis(ethyl)norspermine potentiates the apoptotic activity of the pure antiestrogen ICI 182780 in breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep. 2005 Jan;13(1):101-8. PubMed PMID: 15583809.

740: Papoutsi Z, Kassi E, Papaevangeliou D, Pratsinis H, Zoumpourlis V, Halabalaki M, Mitakou S, Kalofoutis A, Moutsatsou P. Plant 2-arylobenzofurans demonstrate a selective estrogen receptor modulator profile. Steroids. 2004 Oct-Nov;69(11-12):727-34. PubMed PMID: 15579325.

741: Possinger K. Fulvestrant - a new treatment for postmenopausal women with hormone-sensitive advanced breast cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2004 Dec;5(12):2549-58. PubMed PMID: 15571471.

742: Topalli I, Etgen AM. Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor and estrogen receptor crosstalk mediates hormone-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. Brain Res. 2004 Dec 24;1030(1):116-24. PubMed PMID: 15567343.

743: Franco S, Perez A, Tan-Chiu E, Frankel C, Vogel CL. Response to fulvestrant in heavily pretreated postmenopausal women: a single-center experience. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2004 Nov;88(2):103-8. PubMed PMID: 15564793.

744: Tynan S, Pacia E, Haynes-Johnson D, Lawrence D, D'Andrea MR, Guo JZ, Lundeen S, Allan G. The putative tumor suppressor deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 is an estrogen-regulated gene in rodent and primate endometrial epithelium. Endocrinology. 2005 Mar;146(3):1066-73. Epub 2004 Nov 24. PubMed PMID: 15564322.

745: Varshochi R, Halim F, Sunters A, Alao JP, Madureira PA, Hart SM, Ali S, Vigushin DM, Coombes RC, Lam EW. ICI182,780 induces p21Waf1 gene transcription through releasing histone deacetylase 1 and estrogen receptor alpha from Sp1 sites to induce cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. J Biol Chem. 2005 Feb 4;280(5):3185-96. Epub 2004 Nov 19. PubMed PMID: 15557281.

746: Chan YC, Leung FP, Yao X, Lau CW, Vanhoutte PM, Huang Y. Raloxifene relaxes rat pulmonary arteries and veins: roles of gender, endothelium, and antagonism of Ca2+ influx. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Mar;312(3):1266-71. Epub 2004 Nov 18. PubMed PMID: 15550571.

747: Paredes J, Stove C, Stove V, Milanezi F, Van Marck V, Derycke L, Mareel M, Bracke M, Schmitt F. P-cadherin is up-regulated by the antiestrogen ICI 182,780 and promotes invasion of human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2004 Nov 15;64(22):8309-17. PubMed PMID: 15548699.

748: Plísková M, Vondrácek J, Vojtesek B, Kozubík A, Machala M. Deregulation of cell proliferation by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells reflects both genotoxic and nongenotoxic events. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Feb;83(2):246-56. Epub 2004 Nov 17. PubMed PMID: 15548639.

749: Wang MM, Traystman RJ, Hurn PD, Liu T. Non-classical regulation of estrogen receptor-alpha by ICI182,780. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Sep;92(1-2):51-62. PubMed PMID: 15544930.

750: Robertson JF. Selective oestrogen receptor modulators/new antioestrogens: a clinical perspective. Cancer Treat Rev. 2004 Dec;30(8):695-706. Review. PubMed PMID: 15541579.

751: Wang ZQ, Lou YJ. Proliferation-stimulating effects of icaritin and desmethylicaritin in MCF-7 cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Nov 19;504(3):147-53. PubMed PMID: 15541416.

752: Buzdar AU. Fulvestrant: a new type of estrogen receptor antagonist for the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Drugs Today (Barc). 2004 Sep;40(9):751-64. Review. PubMed PMID: 15538548.

753: Gadducci A, Cosio S, Genazzani AR. Use of estrogen antagonists and aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer and hormonally sensitive tumors of the uterine body. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2004 Oct;5(10):1031-44. Review. PubMed PMID: 15535424.

754: Pan W, Quarles LD, Song LH, Yu YH, Jiao C, Tang HB, Jiang CH, Deng HW, Li YJ, Zhou HH, Xiao ZS. Genistein stimulates the osteoblastic differentiation via NO/cGMP in bone marrow culture. J Cell Biochem. 2005 Feb 1;94(2):307-16. PubMed PMID: 15526288.

755: Symonds DA, Tomic D, Miller KP, Flaws JA. Methoxychlor induces proliferation of the mouse ovarian surface epithelium. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Feb;83(2):355-62. Epub 2004 Nov 3. PubMed PMID: 15525693.

756: Heneweer M, Muusse M, Dingemans M, de Jong PC, van den Berg M, Sanderson JT. Co-culture of primary human mammary fibroblasts and MCF-7 cells as an in vitro breast cancer model. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Feb;83(2):257-63. Epub 2004 Nov 3. PubMed PMID: 15525692.

757: Jung YW, Hong EJ, Choi KC, Jeung EB. Novel progestogenic activity of environmental endocrine disruptors in the upregulation of calbindin-D9k in an immature mouse model. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Jan;83(1):78-88. Epub 2004 Oct 27. PubMed PMID: 15509668.

758: Dubey RK, Jackson EK, Gillespie DG, Rosselli M, Barchiesi F, Krust A, Keller H, Zacharia LC, Imthurn B. Cytochromes 1A1/1B1- and catechol-O-methyltransferase-derived metabolites mediate estradiol-induced antimitogenesis in human cardiac fibroblast. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Jan;90(1):247-55. Epub 2004 Oct 26. PubMed PMID: 15507517.

759: Savolainen-Peltonen H, Luoto NM, Kangas L, Häyry P. Selective estrogen receptor modulators prevent neointima formation after vascular injury. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2004 Nov 30;227(1-2):9-20. PubMed PMID: 15501580.

760: Murphy HS, Sun Q, Murphy BA, Mo R, Huo J, Chen J, Chensue SW, Adams M, Richardson BC, Yung R. Tissue-specific effect of estradiol on endothelial cell-dependent lymphocyte recruitment. Microvasc Res. 2004 Nov;68(3):273-85. PubMed PMID: 15501247.

761: Stirone C, Boroujerdi A, Duckles SP, Krause DN. Estrogen receptor activation of phosphoinositide-3 kinase, akt, and nitric oxide signaling in cerebral blood vessels: rapid and long-term effects. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jan;67(1):105-13. Epub 2004 Oct 20. PubMed PMID: 15496504.

762: Koldzic-Zivanovic N, Seitz PK, Watson CS, Cunningham KA, Thomas ML. Intracellular signaling involved in estrogen regulation of serotonin reuptake. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2004 Oct 29;226(1-2):33-42. PubMed PMID: 15489003.

763: Journe F, Chaboteaux C, Dumon JC, Leclercq G, Laurent G, Body JJ. Steroid-free medium discloses oestrogenic effects of the bisphosphonate clodronate on breast cancer cells. Br J Cancer. 2004 Nov 1;91(9):1703-10. PubMed PMID: 15477866; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2409948.

764: Garofalo C, Sisci D, Surmacz E. Leptin interferes with the effects of the antiestrogen ICI 182,780 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Oct 1;10(19):6466-75. PubMed PMID: 15475434.

765: Hardin C, Pommier R, Lefleur B, Jackson T, Toth-Fejel S. Understanding the biologic mechanisms responsible for breast-cancer progression during tamoxifen or fulvestrant treatment. Am J Surg. 2004 Oct;188(4):426-8. PubMed PMID: 15474441.

766: Mueller SO, Katzenellenbogen JA, Korach KS. Endogenous estrogen receptor beta is transcriptionally active in primary ovarian cells from estrogen receptor knockout mice. Steroids. 2004 Sep;69(10):681-6. PubMed PMID: 15465114.

767: Florian M, Lu Y, Angle M, Magder S. Estrogen induced changes in Akt-dependent activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and vasodilation. Steroids. 2004 Sep;69(10):637-45. PubMed PMID: 15465108.

768: Lee GS, Choi KC, Kim HJ, Jeung EB. Effect of genistein as a selective estrogen receptor beta agonist on the expression of Calbindin-D9k in the uterus of immature rats. Toxicol Sci. 2004 Dec;82(2):451-7. Epub 2004 Sep 29. PubMed PMID: 15456916.

769: Kairouz R, Parmar J, Lyons RJ, Swarbrick A, Musgrove EA, Daly RJ. Hormonal regulation of the Grb14 signal modulator and its role in cell cycle progression of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol. 2005 Apr;203(1):85-93. PubMed PMID: 15372466.

770: Williams MR, Dawood T, Ling S, Dai A, Lew R, Myles K, Funder JW, Sudhir K, Komesaroff PA. Dehydroepiandrosterone increases endothelial cell proliferation in vitro and improves endothelial function in vivo by mechanisms independent of androgen and estrogen receptors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Sep;89(9):4708-15. PubMed PMID: 15356084.

771: Gancarczyk M, Paziewska-Hejmej A, Carreau S, Tabarowski Z, Bilińska B. Dose- and photoperiod-dependent effects of 17beta-estradiol and the anti-estrogen ICI 182,780 on testicular structure, acceleration of spermatogenesis, and aromatase immunoexpression in immature bank voles. Acta Histochem. 2004;106(4):269-78. PubMed PMID: 15350809.

772: Patten RD, Pourati I, Aronovitz MJ, Baur J, Celestin F, Chen X, Michael A, Haq S, Nuedling S, Grohe C, Force T, Mendelsohn ME, Karas RH. 17beta-estradiol reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo and in vitro via activation of phospho-inositide-3 kinase/Akt signaling. Circ Res. 2004 Oct 1;95(7):692-9. Epub 2004 Sep 2. PubMed PMID: 15345655.

773: Osipo C, Liu H, Meeke K, Jordan VC. The consequences of exhaustive antiestrogen therapy in breast cancer: estrogen-induced tumor cell death. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2004 Sep;229(8):722-31. Review. PubMed PMID: 15337826.

774: Dambros M, van Koeveringe GA, Bast A, van Kerrebroeck PE. Relaxant effects of estradiol through non-genomic pathways in male and female pig bladder smooth muscle. Pharmacology. 2004 Oct;72(2):121-7. PubMed PMID: 15331918.

775: Ceccarelli I, Fiorenzani P, Grasso G, Lariviere WR, Massafra C, Massai L, Muscettola M, Aloisi AM. Estrogen and mu-opioid receptor antagonists counteract the 17 beta-estradiol-induced licking increase and interferon-gamma reduction occurring during the formalin test in male rats. Pain. 2004 Sep;111(1-2):181-90. PubMed PMID: 15327822.

776: Walter G, Liebl R, von Angerer E. Synthesis and biological evaluation of stilbene-based pure estrogen antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Sep 20;14(18):4659-63. PubMed PMID: 15324884.

777: Lauber SN, Ali S, Gooderham NJ. The cooked food derived carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine is a potent oestrogen: a mechanistic basis for its tissue-specific carcinogenicity. Carcinogenesis. 2004 Dec;25(12):2509-17. Epub 2004 Aug 19. PubMed PMID: 15319301.

778: Kawashima H, Tanaka T, Cheng JS, Sugita S, Ezaki K, Kurisu T, Nakatani T. Effect of anti-estrogens on the androgen receptor activity and cell proliferation in prostate cancer cells. Urol Res. 2004 Dec;32(6):406-10. Epub 2004 Aug 14. PubMed PMID: 15316697.

779: Tobias JS. Endocrine approaches for the treatment of early and advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Nov;36(11):2112-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 15313457.

780: Kai M, Yamauchi A, Tominaga K, Koga A, Kai H, Kataoka Y. Soybean isoflavones eliminate nifedipine-induced flushing of tail skin in ovariectomized mice. J Pharmacol Sci. 2004 Aug;95(4):476-8. Epub 2004 Aug 5. PubMed PMID: 15297769.

781: Gaddy VT, Barrett JT, Delk JN, Kallab AM, Porter AG, Schoenlein PV. Mifepristone induces growth arrest, caspase activation, and apoptosis of estrogen receptor-expressing, antiestrogen-resistant breast cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Aug 1;10(15):5215-25. PubMed PMID: 15297425.

782: Ikeda K, Arao Y, Otsuka H, Kikuchi A, Kayama F. Estrogen and phytoestrogen regulate the mRNA expression of adrenomedullin and adrenomedullin receptor components in the rat uterus. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2004 Aug 31;223(1-2):27-34. PubMed PMID: 15279908.

783: Journé F, Dumon JC, Kheddoumi N, Fox J, Laïos I, Leclercq G, Body JJ. Extracellular calcium downregulates estrogen receptor alpha and increases its transcriptional activity through calcium-sensing receptor in breast cancer cells. Bone. 2004 Aug;35(2):479-88. PubMed PMID: 15268900.

784: Mariani SM. Conference report--cancer research 2004--top of the class March 27-March 31, 2004; Orlando, Florida. MedGenMed. 2004 Apr 23;6(2):20. PubMed PMID: 15266246; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1395767.

785: Gradishar WJ. Tamoxifen--what next? Oncologist. 2004;9(4):378-84. Review. PubMed PMID: 15266091.

786: Viso-León MC, Ripoll C, Nadal A. Oestradiol rapidly inhibits Ca2+ signals in ciliary neurons through classical oestrogen receptors in cytoplasm. Pflugers Arch. 2004 Oct;449(1):33-41. PubMed PMID: 15258764.

787: Baker AE, Brautigam VM, Watters JJ. Estrogen modulates microglial inflammatory mediator production via interactions with estrogen receptor beta. Endocrinology. 2004 Nov;145(11):5021-32. Epub 2004 Jul 15. PubMed PMID: 15256495.

788: Temple JL, Laing E, Sunder A, Wray S. Direct action of estradiol on gonadotropin-releasing hormone-1 neuronal activity via a transcription-dependent mechanism. J Neurosci. 2004 Jul 14;24(28):6326-33. PubMed PMID: 15254088.

789: Seimbille Y, Bénard F, Rousseau J, Pepin E, Aliaga A, Tessier G, van Lier JE. Impact on estrogen receptor binding and target tissue uptake of [18F]fluorine substitution at the 16alpha-position of fulvestrant (faslodex; ICI 182,780). Nucl Med Biol. 2004 Aug;31(6):691-8. PubMed PMID: 15246359.

790: Woodman OL, Missen MA, Boujaoude M. Daidzein and 17 beta-estradiol enhance nitric oxide synthase activity associated with an increase in calmodulin and a decrease in caveolin-1. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2004 Aug;44(2):155-63. PubMed PMID: 15243295.

791: Xia Y, Krukoff TL. Estrogen induces nitric oxide production via activation of constitutive nitric oxide synthases in human neuroblastoma cells. Endocrinology. 2004 Oct;145(10):4550-7. Epub 2004 Jul 8. PubMed PMID: 15242984.

792: Thottassery JV, Sun Y, Westbrook L, Rentz SS, Manuvakhova M, Qu Z, Samuel S, Upshaw R, Cunningham A, Kern FG. Prolonged extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation during fibroblast growth factor 1- or heregulin beta1-induced antiestrogen-resistant growth of breast cancer cells is resistant to mitogen-activated protein/extracellular regulated kinase kinase inhibitors. Cancer Res. 2004 Jul 1;64(13):4637-47. PubMed PMID: 15231676.

793: Li Q, Niwa K, Hunter MG. Effects of 17beta-estradiol on in vitro maturation of pig oocytes in protein-free medium. J Reprod Dev. 2004 Jun;50(3):305-13. PubMed PMID: 15226595.

794: Stroppolo A, Tian C, Guinea B, Olm V, Sheffield R, Sommer J, Ehrlich ME. 17beta-Estradiol promotes striatal medium size spiny neuronal maturation in vitro. Neuroendocrinology. 2004;79(5):259-67. Epub 2004 Jun 24. PubMed PMID: 15218319.

795: Freddie CT, Christensen GL, Lykkesfeldt AE. A new MCF-7 breast cancer cell line resistant to the arzoxifene metabolite desmethylarzoxifene. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2004 May 31;220(1-2):97-107. PubMed PMID: 15196704.

796: Michalides R, Griekspoor A, Balkenende A, Verwoerd D, Janssen L, Jalink K, Floore A, Velds A, van't Veer L, Neefjes J. Tamoxifen resistance by a conformational arrest of the estrogen receptor alpha after PKA activation in breast cancer. Cancer Cell. 2004 Jun;5(6):597-605. PubMed PMID: 15193262.

797: Azenabor AA, Yang S, Job G, Adedokun OO. Expression of iNOS gene in macrophages stimulated with 17beta-estradiol is regulated by free intracellular Ca2+. Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Jun;82(3):381-90. PubMed PMID: 15181472.

798: De Wilde A, Lieberherr M, Colin C, Pointillart A. A low dose of daidzein acts as an ERbeta-selective agonist in trabecular osteoblasts of young female piglets. J Cell Physiol. 2004 Aug;200(2):253-62. PubMed PMID: 15174095.

799: Bouker KB, Skaar TC, Fernandez DR, O'Brien KA, Riggins RB, Cao D, Clarke R. interferon regulatory factor-1 mediates the proapoptotic but not cell cycle arrest effects of the steroidal antiestrogen ICI 182,780 (faslodex, fulvestrant). Cancer Res. 2004 Jun 1;64(11):4030-9. PubMed PMID: 15173018.

800: Peekhaus NT, Chang T, Hayes EC, Wilkinson HA, Mitra SW, Schaeffer JM, Rohrer SP. Distinct effects of the antiestrogen Faslodex on the stability of estrogen receptors-alpha and -beta in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. J Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Jun;32(3):987-95. PubMed PMID: 15171727.

801: Maggiolini M, Recchia AG, Carpino A, Vivacqua A, Fasanella G, Rago V, Pezzi V, Briand PA, Picard D, Andò S. Oestrogen receptor beta is required for androgen-stimulated proliferation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. J Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Jun;32(3):777-91. PubMed PMID: 15171712.

802: Robertson JF, Erikstein B, Osborne KC, Pippen J, Come SE, Parker LM, Gertler S, Harrison MP, Clarke DA. Pharmacokinetic profile of intramuscular fulvestrant in advanced breast cancer. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2004;43(8):529-38. PubMed PMID: 15170367.

803: Soares R, Guo S, Gärtner F, Schmitt FC, Russo J. 17 beta -estradiol-mediated vessel assembly and stabilization in tumor angiogenesis requires TGF beta and EGFR crosstalk. Angiogenesis. 2003;6(4):271-81. PubMed PMID: 15166495.

804: Wilson VS, Bobseine K, Gray LE Jr. Development and characterization of a cell line that stably expresses an estrogen-responsive luciferase reporter for the detection of estrogen receptor agonist and antagonists. Toxicol Sci. 2004 Sep;81(1):69-77. Epub 2004 May 27. PubMed PMID: 15166400.

805: Philips BJ, Ansell PJ, Newton LG, Harada N, Honda S, Ganjam VK, Rottinghaus GE, Welshons WV, Lubahn DB. Estrogen receptor-independent catechol estrogen binding activity: protein binding studies in wild-type, Estrogen receptor-alpha KO, and aromatase KO mice tissues. Biochemistry. 2004 Jun 1;43(21):6698-708. PubMed PMID: 15157104.

806: Watanabe T, Sano M, Ohno S, Inaji H, Nishimura R, Shin E, Nomura Y, Morris C. Fulvestrant for the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women: a Japanese study. Anticancer Res. 2004 Mar-Apr;24(2C):1275-80. PubMed PMID: 15154660.

807: Shao D, Berrodin TJ, Manas E, Hauze D, Powers R, Bapat A, Gonder D, Winneker RC, Frail DE. Identification of novel estrogen receptor alpha antagonists. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Apr;88(4-5):351-60. PubMed PMID: 15145444.

808: García-López P, Rodríguez-Dorantes M, Pérez-Cárdenas E, Cerbón M, Mohar-Betancourt A. Synergistic effects of ICI 182,780 on the cytotoxicity of cisplatin in cervical carcinoma cell lines. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2004 Jun;53(6):533-40. Epub 2004 Jan 29. PubMed PMID: 15138713.

809: Tamura M, Deb S, Sebastian S, Okamura K, Bulun SE. Estrogen up-regulates cyclooxygenase-2 via estrogen receptor in human uterine microvascular endothelial cells. Fertil Steril. 2004 May;81(5):1351-6. PubMed PMID: 15136101.

810: Kenchappa RS, Diwakar L, Annepu J, Ravindranath V. Estrogen and neuroprotection: higher constitutive expression of glutaredoxin in female mice offers protection against MPTP-mediated neurodegeneration. FASEB J. 2004 Jul;18(10):1102-4. Epub 2004 May 7. PubMed PMID: 15132975.

811: Akli S, Zheng PJ, Multani AS, Wingate HF, Pathak S, Zhang N, Tucker SL, Chang S, Keyomarsi K. Tumor-specific low molecular weight forms of cyclin E induce genomic instability and resistance to p21, p27, and antiestrogens in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2004 May 1;64(9):3198-208. PubMed PMID: 15126360.

812: Lee MH, Kim E, Kim TS. Exposure to 4-tert-octylphenol, an environmentally persistent alkylphenol, enhances interleukin-4 production in T cells via NF-AT activation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 May 15;197(1):19-28. PubMed PMID: 15126071.

813: Bershteĭn LM, Tsyrlina EV, Poroshina TE, Vasil'ev DA, Kovalenko IG. [Switching off the estrogen effect and approaches to its correction]. Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova. 2003 Aug;89(8):964-71. Russian. PubMed PMID: 15119192.

814: Howell A, Robertson JF, Abram P, Lichinitser MR, Elledge R, Bajetta E, Watanabe T, Morris C, Webster A, Dimery I, Osborne CK. Comparison of fulvestrant versus tamoxifen for the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women previously untreated with endocrine therapy: a multinational, double-blind, randomized trial. J Clin Oncol. 2004 May 1;22(9):1605-13. PubMed PMID: 15117982.

815: Johnston S. Fulvestrant and the sequential endocrine cascade for advanced breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 2004 Mar;90 Suppl 1:S15-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 15094760; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2750772.

816: Vergote I, Robertson JF. Fulvestrant is an effective and well-tolerated endocrine therapy for postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer: results from clinical trials. Br J Cancer. 2004 Mar;90 Suppl 1:S11-4. Review. PubMed PMID: 15094759; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2750769.

817: Robertson JF, Harrison M. Fulvestrant: pharmacokinetics and pharmacology. Br J Cancer. 2004 Mar;90 Suppl 1:S7-10. Review. PubMed PMID: 15094758; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2750771.

818: Osborne CK, Wakeling A, Nicholson RI. Fulvestrant: an oestrogen receptor antagonist with a novel mechanism of action. Br J Cancer. 2004 Mar;90 Suppl 1:S2-6. Review. PubMed PMID: 15094757; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2750773.

819: Takao T, Flint N, Lee L, Ying X, Merrill J, Chandross KJ. 17beta-estradiol protects oligodendrocytes from cytotoxicity induced cell death. J Neurochem. 2004 May;89(3):660-73. PubMed PMID: 15086523.

820: Margueron R, Duong V, Bonnet S, Escande A, Vignon F, Balaguer P, Cavaillès V. Histone deacetylase inhibition and estrogen receptor alpha levels modulate the transcriptional activity of partial antiestrogens. J Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Apr;32(2):583-94. PubMed PMID: 15072561.

821: Vendrell JA, Magnino F, Danis E, Duchesne MJ, Pinloche S, Pons M, Birnbaum D, Nguyen C, Theillet C, Cohen PA. Estrogen regulation in human breast cancer cells of new downstream gene targets involved in estrogen metabolism, cell proliferation and cell transformation. J Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Apr;32(2):397-414. PubMed PMID: 15072547.

822: Garbán HJ, Buga GM, Ignarro LJ. Estrogen receptor-mediated vascular responsiveness to nebivolol: a novel endothelium-related mechanism of therapeutic vasorelaxation. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2004 May;43(5):638-44. PubMed PMID: 15071350.

823: Koeberle D, Perey L, Thuerlimann B; Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK). Re: Playing the old piano: another tune for endocrine therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 Apr 7;96(7):555-6; author reply 556-7. PubMed PMID: 15069120.

824: Barrón-González A, Castro Romero I. Re-expression of estrogen receptor alpha using a tetracycline-regulated gene expression system induced estrogen-mediated growth inhibition of the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Apr;82(2):335-42. PubMed PMID: 15060629.

825: Buck MB, Pfizenmaier K, Knabbe C. Antiestrogens induce growth inhibition by sequential activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and transforming growth factor-beta pathways in human breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Jul;18(7):1643-57. Epub 2004 Mar 31. PubMed PMID: 15056732.

826: Uray IP, Liang Y, Hyder SM. Estradiol down-regulates CD36 expression in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2004 Apr 15;207(1):101-7. PubMed PMID: 15050739.

827: Hong T, Nakagawa T, Pan W, Kim MY, Kraus WL, Ikehara T, Yasui K, Aihara H, Takebe M, Muramatsu M, Ito T. Isoflavones stimulate estrogen receptor-mediated core histone acetylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Apr 23;317(1):259-64. PubMed PMID: 15047177.

828: Chen D, Xu X, Cheon YP, Bagchi MK, Bagchi IC. Estrogen induces expression of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in rat uterus. Biol Reprod. 2004 Aug;71(2):508-14. Epub 2004 Mar 24. PubMed PMID: 15044260.

829: Ong DB, Colley SM, Norman MR, Kitazawa S, Tobias JH. Transcriptional regulation of a BMP-6 promoter by estrogen receptor alpha. J Bone Miner Res. 2004 Mar;19(3):447-54. Epub 2003 Dec 22. PubMed PMID: 15040833.

830: Christensen GL, Jepsen JS, Fog CK, Christensen IJ, Lykkesfeldt AE. Sequential versus combined treatment of human breast cancer cells with antiestrogens and the vitamin D analogue EB1089 and evaluation of predictive markers for vitamin D treatment. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2004 May;85(1):53-63. PubMed PMID: 15039597.

831: Sengupta K, Banerjee S, Saxena NK, Banerjee SK. Thombospondin-1 disrupts estrogen-induced endothelial cell proliferation and migration and its expression is suppressed by estradiol. Mol Cancer Res. 2004 Mar;2(3):150-8. PubMed PMID: 15037654.

832: Tsai HW, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS, Shupnik MA. Protein kinase A activation of estrogen receptor alpha transcription does not require proteasome activity and protects the receptor from ligand-mediated degradation. Endocrinology. 2004 Jun;145(6):2730-8. Epub 2004 Mar 19. PubMed PMID: 15033909.

833: Menendez JA, Colomer R, Lupu R. Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid gamma-linolenic acid (18:3n-6) is a selective estrogen-response modulator in human breast cancer cells: gamma-linolenic acid antagonizes estrogen receptor-dependent transcriptional activity, transcriptionally represses estrogen receptor expression and synergistically enhances tamoxifen and ICI 182,780 (Faslodex) efficacy in human breast cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 2004 May 10;109(6):949-54. PubMed PMID: 15027132.

834: Long BJ, Jelovac D, Handratta V, Thiantanawat A, MacPherson N, Ragaz J, Goloubeva OG, Brodie AM. Therapeutic strategies using the aromatase inhibitor letrozole and tamoxifen in a breast cancer model. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 Mar 17;96(6):456-65. PubMed PMID: 15026471.

835: Wu J, Richer J, Horwitz KB, Hyder SM. Progestin-dependent induction of vascular endothelial growth factor in human breast cancer cells: preferential regulation by progesterone receptor B. Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 15;64(6):2238-44. PubMed PMID: 15026368.

836: Major MA. Clinical trials update: Medical management of advanced breast cancer. Cancer Nurs. 2003 Dec;26(6 Suppl):10S-15S. Review. PubMed PMID: 15025407.

837: McKeage K, Curran MP, Plosker GL. Fulvestrant: a review of its use in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women with disease progression following antiestrogen therapy. Drugs. 2004;64(6):633-48. Review. PubMed PMID: 15018596.

838: Radice S, Fumagalli R, Chiesara E, Ferraris M, Frigerio S, Marabini L. Estrogenic activity of procymidone in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes: a possible mechanism of action. Chem Biol Interact. 2004 Mar 15;147(2):185-93. PubMed PMID: 15013820.

839: Marin R, Guerra B, Morales A, Diaz M, Alonso R. An ICI 182,780-sensitive, membrane-related estrogen receptor contributes to estrogenic neuroprotective actions against amyloid-beta toxicity. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 Dec;1007:108-16. PubMed PMID: 14993045.

840: Matagne V, Rasier G, Lebrethon MC, Gérard A, Bourguignon JP. Estradiol stimulation of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion in vitro: correlation with perinatal exposure to sex steroids and induction of sexual precocity in vivo. Endocrinology. 2004 Jun;145(6):2775-83. Epub 2004 Feb 26. PubMed PMID: 14988382.

841: Buzdar AU. Hormonal therapy in early and advanced breast cancer. Breast J. 2004 Jan-Feb;10 Suppl 1:S19-21. Review. PubMed PMID: 14984485.

842: Hur J, Chesnes J, Coser KR, Lee RS, Geck P, Isselbacher KJ, Shioda T. The Bik BH3-only protein is induced in estrogen-starved and antiestrogen-exposed breast cancer cells and provokes apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Feb 24;101(8):2351-6. PubMed PMID: 14983013; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC356954.

843: Frasor J, Stossi F, Danes JM, Komm B, Lyttle CR, Katzenellenbogen BS. Selective estrogen receptor modulators: discrimination of agonistic versus antagonistic activities by gene expression profiling in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2004 Feb 15;64(4):1522-33. PubMed PMID: 14973112.

844: Ohnemus U, Unalan M, Handjiski B, Paus R. Topical estrogen accelerates hair regrowth in mice after chemotherapy-induced alopecia by favoring the dystrophic catagen response pathway to damage. J Invest Dermatol. 2004 Jan;122(1):7-13. PubMed PMID: 14962083.

845: Saito T, Tanaka R, Wataba K, Kudo R, Yamasaki H. Overexpression of estrogen receptor-alpha gene suppresses gap junctional intercellular communication in endometrial carcinoma cells. Oncogene. 2004 Feb 5;23(5):1109-16. PubMed PMID: 14762440.

846: Hoffmann J, Bohlmann R, Heinrich N, Hofmeister H, Kroll J, Künzer H, Lichtner RB, Nishino Y, Parczyk K, Sauer G, Gieschen H, Ulbrich HF, Schneider MR. Characterization of new estrogen receptor destabilizing compounds: effects on estrogen-sensitive and tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 Feb 4;96(3):210-8. PubMed PMID: 14759988.

847: Pozo-Guisado E, Lorenzo-Benayas MJ, Fernández-Salguero PM. Resveratrol modulates the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway through an estrogen receptor alpha-dependent mechanism: relevance in cell proliferation. Int J Cancer. 2004 Mar 20;109(2):167-73. PubMed PMID: 14750165.

848: Kakui K, Itoh H, Sagawa N, Yura S, Korita D, Takemura M, Miyamaoto Y, Saito Y, Nakao K, Fujii S. Augmented endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression in human pregnant myometrium: possible involvement of eNOS promoter activation by estrogen via both estrogen receptor (ER)alpha and ERbeta. Mol Hum Reprod. 2004 Feb;10(2):115-22. PubMed PMID: 14742696.

849: Chen JQ, Delannoy M, Cooke C, Yager JD. Mitochondrial localization of ERalpha and ERbeta in human MCF7 cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jun;286(6):E1011-22. Epub 2004 Jan 21. PubMed PMID: 14736707.

850: Paharkova-Vatchkova V, Maldonado R, Kovats S. Estrogen preferentially promotes the differentiation of CD11c+ CD11b(intermediate) dendritic cells from bone marrow precursors. J Immunol. 2004 Feb 1;172(3):1426-36. PubMed PMID: 14734718.

851: Ingle JN. Sequencing of endocrine therapy in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Jan 1;10(1 Pt 2):362S-7S. PubMed PMID: 14734492.

852: Howell A, Osborne CK, Mauriac L. Spreading the word, but not too thinly. Lancet. 2004 Jan 10;363(9403):165-6. PubMed PMID: 14726176.

853: Kurebayashi J, Okubo S, Yamamoto Y, Sonoo H. Inhibition of HER1 signaling pathway enhances antitumor effect of endocrine therapy in breast cancer. Breast Cancer. 2004;11(1):38-41. Review. PubMed PMID: 14718791.

854: Fowler AM, Solodin N, Preisler-Mashek MT, Zhang P, Lee AV, Alarid ET. Increases in estrogen receptor-alpha concentration in breast cancer cells promote serine 118/104/106-independent AF-1 transactivation and growth in the absence of estrogen. FASEB J. 2004 Jan;18(1):81-93. PubMed PMID: 14718389.

855: Brockdorff BL, Heiberg I, Lykkesfeldt AE. Resistance to different antiestrogens is caused by different multi-factorial changes and is associated with reduced expression of IGF receptor Ialpha. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2003 Dec;10(4):579-90. PubMed PMID: 14713268.

856: Prifti S, Mall P, Rabe T. Synthetic estrogen-mediated activation of ERK 2 intracellular signaling molecule. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2003 Oct;17(5):423-8. PubMed PMID: 14710592.

857: Okubo S, Kurebayashi J, Otsuki T, Yamamoto Y, Tanaka K, Sonoo H. Additive antitumour effect of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib (Iressa, ZD1839) and the antioestrogen fulvestrant (Faslodex, ICI 182,780) in breast cancer cells. Br J Cancer. 2004 Jan 12;90(1):236-44. PubMed PMID: 14710235; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2395342.

858: Howell A, Robertson JF, Vergote I. A review of the efficacy of anastrozole in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer with visceral metastases. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Dec;82(3):215-22. Review. PubMed PMID: 14703069.

859: Ba F, Pang PK, Davidge ST, Benishin CG. The neuroprotective effects of estrogen in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cell cultures. Neurochem Int. 2004 May;44(6):401-11. PubMed PMID: 14687605.

860: Howell SJ, Johnston SR, Howell A. The use of selective estrogen receptor modulators and selective estrogen receptor down-regulators in breast cancer. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Mar;18(1):47-66. Review. PubMed PMID: 14687597.

861: Cao J, Wood M, Liu Y, Hoffman T, Hyde J, Park-Sarge OK, Vore M. Estradiol represses prolactin-induced expression of Na+/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide in liver cells through estrogen receptor-alpha and signal transducers and activators of transcription 5a. Endocrinology. 2004 Apr;145(4):1739-49. Epub 2003 Dec 18. PubMed PMID: 14684617.

862: DeSoto JA, Bowen D, Southerland WM, Hawkins M Jr, Fryar EB, Davis JH. The interaction of the steroidal antagonist faslodex and methotrexate. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2003 Nov;49(7):1067-9. PubMed PMID: 14682388.

863: Bayés M, Rabasseda X, Prous JR. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Oct;25(8):653-82. PubMed PMID: 14671684.

864: Huang A, Sun D, Wu Z, Yan C, Carroll MA, Jiang H, Falck JR, Kaley G. Estrogen elicits cytochrome P450--mediated flow-induced dilation of arterioles in NO deficiency: role of PI3K-Akt phosphorylation in genomic regulation. Circ Res. 2004 Feb 6;94(2):245-52. Epub 2003 Dec 11. PubMed PMID: 14670845.

865: Banerjee SN, Sengupta K, Banerjee S, Saxena NK, Banerjee SK. 2-Methoxyestradiol exhibits a biphasic effect on VEGF-A in tumor cells and upregulation is mediated through ER-alpha: a possible signaling pathway associated with the impact of 2-ME2 on proliferative cells. Neoplasia. 2003 Sep-Oct;5(5):417-26. PubMed PMID: 14670179; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1502612.

866: Bovenkerk S, Lanciloti N, Chandar N. Induction of p53 expression and function by estrogen in osteoblasts. Calcif Tissue Int. 2003 Sep;73(3):274-80. PubMed PMID: 14667141.

867: Park S, Kim B, Kim J, Won KJ, Lee S, Kwon S, Cho S. Tamoxifen induces vasorelaxation via inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase in rat aortic smooth muscle. J Vet Med Sci. 2003 Nov;65(11):1155-60. PubMed PMID: 14665741.

868: Miyagawa S, Katsu Y, Watanabe H, Iguchi T. Estrogen-independent activation of erbBs signaling and estrogen receptor alpha in the mouse vagina exposed neonatally to diethylstilbestrol. Oncogene. 2004 Jan 15;23(2):340-9. PubMed PMID: 14647453.

869: Leong H, Riby JE, Firestone GL, Bjeldanes LF. Potent ligand-independent estrogen receptor activation by 3,3'-diindolylmethane is mediated by cross talk between the protein kinase A and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Feb;18(2):291-302. Epub 2003 Nov 26. PubMed PMID: 14645498.

870: Oliveira CA, Nie R, Carnes K, Franca LR, Prins GS, Saunders PT, Hess RA. The antiestrogen ICI 182,780 decreases the expression of estrogen receptor-alpha but has no effect on estrogen receptor-beta and androgen receptor in rat efferent ductules. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2003 Oct 10;1:75. PubMed PMID: 14613549; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC270006.

871: Jones SE. Fulvestrant: an estrogen receptor antagonist that downregulates the estrogen receptor. Semin Oncol. 2003 Oct;30(5 Suppl 16):14-20. Review. PubMed PMID: 14613022.

872: Cunliffe HE, Ringnér M, Bilke S, Walker RL, Cheung JM, Chen Y, Meltzer PS. The gene expression response of breast cancer to growth regulators: patterns and correlation with tumor expression profiles. Cancer Res. 2003 Nov 1;63(21):7158-66. PubMed PMID: 14612509.

873: Wang DY, Fulthorpe R, Liss SN, Edwards EA. Identification of estrogen-responsive genes by complementary deoxyribonucleic acid microarray and characterization of a novel early estrogen-induced gene: EEIG1. Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Feb;18(2):402-11. Epub 2003 Nov 6. PubMed PMID: 14605097.

874: Chaturvedi K, Sarkar DK. Involvement of protein kinase C-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase p44/42 signaling pathway for cross-talk between estradiol and transforming growth factor-beta3 in increasing basic fibroblast growth factor in folliculostellate cells. Endocrinology. 2004 Feb;145(2):706-15. Epub 2003 Nov 6. PubMed PMID: 14605008.

875: Hung H. Inhibition of estrogen receptor alpha expression and function in MCF-7 cells by kaempferol. J Cell Physiol. 2004 Feb;198(2):197-208. PubMed PMID: 14603522.

876: Nakaya M, Yamasaki M, Miyazaki Y, Tachibana H, Yamada K. Estrogenic compounds suppressed interferon-gamma production in mouse splenocytes through direct cell-cell interaction. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2003 Sep-Oct;39(8-9):383-7. PubMed PMID: 14602042.

877: Osipo C, Gajdos C, Liu H, Chen B, Jordan VC. Paradoxical action of fulvestrant in estradiol-induced regression of tamoxifen-stimulated breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003 Nov 5;95(21):1597-608. PubMed PMID: 14600092.

878: Amant F, Lottering ML, Joubert A, Thaver V, Vergote I, Lindeque BG. 2-methoxyestradiol strongly inhibits human uterine sarcomatous cell growth. Gynecol Oncol. 2003 Nov;91(2):299-308. PubMed PMID: 14599859.

879: Liu YC, Lo YC, Huang CW, Wu SN. Inhibitory action of ICI-182,780, an estrogen receptor antagonist, on BK(Ca) channel activity in cultured endothelial cells of human coronary artery. Biochem Pharmacol. 2003 Nov 15;66(10):2053-63. PubMed PMID: 14599564.

880: Budhiraja R, Kayyali US, Karamsetty M, Fogel M, Hill NS, Chalkley R, Finlay GA, Hassoun PM. Estrogen modulates xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase activity by a receptor-independent mechanism. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2003 Dec;5(6):705-11. PubMed PMID: 14588143.

881: Cai D, Iyer A, Felekkis KN, Near RI, Luo Z, Chernoff J, Albanese C, Pestell RG, Lerner A. AND-34/BCAR3, a GDP exchange factor whose overexpression confers antiestrogen resistance, activates Rac, PAK1, and the cyclin D1 promoter. Cancer Res. 2003 Oct 15;63(20):6802-8. PubMed PMID: 14583477.

882: Isgor C, Cecchi M, Kabbaj M, Akil H, Watson SJ. Estrogen receptor beta in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus regulates the neuroendocrine response to stress and is regulated by corticosterone. Neuroscience. 2003;121(4):837-45. PubMed PMID: 14580933.

883: Clarke R, Liu MC, Bouker KB, Gu Z, Lee RY, Zhu Y, Skaar TC, Gomez B, O'Brien K, Wang Y, Hilakivi-Clarke LA. Antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer and the role of estrogen receptor signaling. Oncogene. 2003 Oct 20;22(47):7316-39. Review. PubMed PMID: 14576841.

884: Wilcken NR, Stockler MR. Fulvestrant: spreading the word, but not too thinly. Lancet. 2003 Oct 18;362(9392):1254. PubMed PMID: 14575967.

885: He B, Rhodes-Brower S, Miller MR, Munson AE, Germolec DR, Walker VR, Korach KS, Meade BJ. Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane exhibits estrogenic activity in mice via ERalpha. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2003 Nov 1;192(3):254-61. PubMed PMID: 14575643.

886: Nothnick WB, Zhang X, Zhou HE. Steroidal regulation of uterine edema and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-3 messenger RNA expression is altered in TIMP-1-deficient mice. Biol Reprod. 2004 Feb;70(2):500-8. Epub 2003 Oct 20. PubMed PMID: 14568914.

887: Luo LY, Grass L, Diamandis EP. Steroid hormone regulation of the human kallikrein 10 (KLK10) gene in cancer cell lines and functional characterization of the KLK10 gene promoter. Clin Chim Acta. 2003 Nov;337(1-2):115-26. PubMed PMID: 14568187.

888: Huber M, Bahr I, Krätzschmar JR, Becker A, Müller EC, Donner P, Pohlenz HD, Schneider MR, Sommer A. Comparison of proteomic and genomic analyses of the human breast cancer cell line T47D and the antiestrogen-resistant derivative T47D-r. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2004 Jan;3(1):43-55. Epub 2003 Oct 13. PubMed PMID: 14557597.

889: Bross PF, Baird A, Chen G, Jee JM, Lostritto RT, Morse DE, Rosario LA, Williams GM, Yang P, Rahman A, Williams G, Pazdur R. Fulvestrant in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Oct 1;9(12):4309-17. Review. PubMed PMID: 14555500.

890: Mercier I, Mader S, Calderone A. Tamoxifen and ICI 182,780 negatively influenced cardiac cell growth via an estrogen receptor-independent mechanism. Cardiovasc Res. 2003 Oct 1;59(4):883-92. PubMed PMID: 14553828.

891: Luo XH, Liao EY. Effects of estriol on the proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblastic MG-63 cells. Endocr Res. 2003 Aug;29(3):343-51. PubMed PMID: 14535635.

892: Hortobagyi GN. Future directions in the endocrine therapy of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003;80 Suppl 1:S37-9. PubMed PMID: 14535533.

893: Carlson RW, Henderson IC. Sequential hormonal therapy for metastatic breast cancer after adjuvant tamoxifen or anastrozole. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003;80 Suppl 1:S19-26; discussion S27-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 14535531.

894: Hutcheson IR, Knowlden JM, Madden TA, Barrow D, Gee JM, Wakeling AE, Nicholson RI. Oestrogen receptor-mediated modulation of the EGFR/MAPK pathway in tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Sep;81(1):81-93. PubMed PMID: 14531500.

895: Tomaszewska A, Guevara I, Wilczok T, Dembińska-Kieć A. 17beta-estradiol- and lipopolysaccharide-induced changes in nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor release from RAW 264.7 macrophages. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2003;56(3):152-9. Epub 2003 Sep 29. PubMed PMID: 14530616.

896: Rodrigo MC, Martin DS, Eyster KM. Vascular ECE-1 mRNA expression decreases in response to estrogens. Life Sci. 2003 Oct 24;73(23):2973-83. PubMed PMID: 14519446.

897: Chen DB, Bird IM, Zheng J, Magness RR. Membrane estrogen receptor-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway mediates acute activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by estrogen in uterine artery endothelial cells. Endocrinology. 2004 Jan;145(1):113-25. Epub 2003 Sep 25. PubMed PMID: 14512434.

898: Eckhardt S. [Perspectives for the hormonal therapy of breast cancer]. Magy Onkol. 2003;47(2):133-40. Epub 2003 Sep 16. Review. Hungarian. PubMed PMID: 12975659.

899: Tsai ML, Chang CC, Lee CL, Huang BY. The differential effects of tamoxifen and ICI 182,780 on the reduction of Na+/K+ ATPase activity and spontaneous oscillations by 17beta-estradiol. Chin J Physiol. 2003 Jun 30;46(2):55-62. PubMed PMID: 12974296.

900: Caporali S, Imai M, Altucci L, Cancemi M, Caristi S, Cicatiello L, Matarese F, Penta R, Sarkar DK, Bresciani F, Weisz A. Distinct signaling pathways mediate stimulation of cell cycle progression and prevention of apoptotic cell death by estrogen in rat pituitary tumor PR1 cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2003 Dec;14(12):5051-9. Epub 2003 Sep 5. PubMed PMID: 12960425; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC284806.

901: Gee JM, Harper ME, Hutcheson IR, Madden TA, Barrow D, Knowlden JM, McClelland RA, Jordan N, Wakeling AE, Nicholson RI. The antiepidermal growth factor receptor agent gefitinib (ZD1839/Iressa) improves antihormone response and prevents development of resistance in breast cancer in vitro. Endocrinology. 2003 Nov;144(11):5105-17. Epub 2003 Aug 7. PubMed PMID: 12960029.

902: Cho HW, Nie R, Carnes K, Zhou Q, Sharief NA, Hess RA. The antiestrogen ICI 182,780 induces early effects on the adult male mouse reproductive tract and long-term decreased fertility without testicular atrophy. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2003 Aug 18;1:57. PubMed PMID: 12959643; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC194658.

903: Harnish DC, Albert LM, Leathurby Y, Eckert AM, Ciarletta A, Kasaian M, Keith JC Jr. Beneficial effects of estrogen treatment in the HLA-B27 transgenic rat model of inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2004 Jan;286(1):G118-25. Epub 2003 Sep 4. PubMed PMID: 12958017.

904: Stenberg AE, Simonoska R, Stygar D, Sahlin L, Hultcrantz M. Effect of estrogen and antiestrogens on the estrogen receptor content in the cochlea of ovariectomized rats. Hear Res. 2003 Aug;182(1-2):19-23. PubMed PMID: 12948597.

905: Thomas PB, Risinger KE, Klinge CM. Identification of estrogen receptor beta expression in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and comparison of estrogen-responsive gene transcription in cells adapted to serum-free media. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Jul;86(1):41-55. PubMed PMID: 12943744.

906: Perez-Martin M, Azcoitia I, Trejo JL, Sierra A, Garcia-Segura LM. An antagonist of estrogen receptors blocks the induction of adult neurogenesis by insulin-like growth factor-I in the dentate gyrus of adult female rat. Eur J Neurosci. 2003 Aug;18(4):923-30. PubMed PMID: 12925018.

907: Okubo T, Suzuki T, Yokoyama Y, Kano K, Kano I. Estimation of estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities of some phthalate diesters and monoesters by MCF-7 cell proliferation assay in vitro. Biol Pharm Bull. 2003 Aug;26(8):1219-24. PubMed PMID: 12913283.

908: Faridi J, Wang L, Endemann G, Roth RA. Expression of constitutively active Akt-3 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells reverses the estrogen and tamoxifen responsivity of these cells in vivo. Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Aug 1;9(8):2933-9. PubMed PMID: 12912939.

909: Calhoun KE, Pommier RF, Muller P, Fletcher WS, Toth-Fejel S. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate causes proliferation of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells despite treatment with fulvestrant. Arch Surg. 2003 Aug;138(8):879-83. PubMed PMID: 12912747.

910: Treeck O, Weber A, Boester M, Porz S, Frey N, Diedrich K, Ortmann O. H-ras dependent estrogenic effects of epidermal growth factor in the estrogen-independent breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Jul;80(2):155-62. PubMed PMID: 12908818.

911: Carroll JS, Lynch DK, Swarbrick A, Renoir JM, Sarcevic B, Daly RJ, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL. p27(Kip1) induces quiescence and growth factor insensitivity in tamoxifen-treated breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2003 Aug 1;63(15):4322-6. PubMed PMID: 12907598.

912: Takahashi K, Ohmichi M, Yoshida M, Hisamoto K, Mabuchi S, Arimoto-Ishida E, Mori A, Tsutsumi S, Tasaka K, Murata Y, Kurachi H. Both estrogen and raloxifene cause G1 arrest of vascular smooth muscle cells. J Endocrinol. 2003 Aug;178(2):319-29. PubMed PMID: 12904179.

913: Buzdar AU. Advances in endocrine treatments for postmenopausal women with metastatic and early breast cancer. Oncologist. 2003;8(4):335-41. Review. PubMed PMID: 12897330.

914: Mowa CN, Usip S, Storey-Workley M, Amann R, Papka R. Substance P in the uterine cervix, dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord during pregnancy and the effect of estrogen on SP synthesis. Peptides. 2003 May;24(5):761-71. PubMed PMID: 12895664.

915: Booth EA, Marchesi M, Kilbourne EJ, Lucchesi BR. 17Beta-estradiol as a receptor-mediated cardioprotective agent. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Oct;307(1):395-401. Epub 2003 Jul 31. PubMed PMID: 12893838.

916: Tüshaus L, Hopert AC, Strunck E, Schubert C, Wünsche W, Vollmer G. Estrogenic and antiestrogenic regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-13 mRNA in RUCA-I endometrial tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett. 2003 Jul 30;198(1):99-106. PubMed PMID: 12893436.

917: Masuno H, Okamoto S, Iwanami J, Honda K, Shiosaka T, Kidani T, Sakayama K, Yamamoto H. Effect of 4-nonylphenol on cell proliferation and adipocyte formation in cultures of fully differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. Toxicol Sci. 2003 Oct;75(2):314-20. Epub 2003 Jul 25. PubMed PMID: 12883076.

918: Robertson JF, Harrison MP. Equivalent single-dose pharmacokinetics of two different dosing methods of prolonged-release fulvestrant ('Faslodex') in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2003 Oct;52(4):346-8. Epub 2003 Jul 19. PubMed PMID: 12879276.

919: Robertson JF, Osborne CK, Howell A, Jones SE, Mauriac L, Ellis M, Kleeberg UR, Come SE, Vergote I, Gertler S, Buzdar A, Webster A, Morris C. Fulvestrant versus anastrozole for the treatment of advanced breast carcinoma in postmenopausal women: a prospective combined analysis of two multicenter trials. Cancer. 2003 Jul 15;98(2):229-38. PubMed PMID: 12872340.

920: O'Sullivan J, Whyte L, Drake J, Tenniswood M. Alterations in the post-translational modification and intracellular trafficking of clusterin in MCF-7 cells during apoptosis. Cell Death Differ. 2003 Aug;10(8):914-27. PubMed PMID: 12867999.

921: Robertson JF, Odling-Smee W, Holcombe C, Kohlhardt SR, Harrison MP. Pharmacokinetics of a single dose of fulvestrant prolonged-release intramuscular injection in postmenopausal women awaiting surgery for primary breast cancer. Clin Ther. 2003 May;25(5):1440-52. PubMed PMID: 12867220.

922: Fiorini S, Ferretti ME, Biondi C, Pavan B, Lunghi L, Paganetto G, Abelli L. 17Beta-eEstradiol stimulates arachidonate release from human amnion-like WISH cells through a rapid mechanism involving a membrane receptor. Endocrinology. 2003 Aug;144(8):3359-67. PubMed PMID: 12865314.

923: Kezele P, Skinner MK. Regulation of ovarian primordial follicle assembly and development by estrogen and progesterone: endocrine model of follicle assembly. Endocrinology. 2003 Aug;144(8):3329-37. PubMed PMID: 12865310.

924: Kim JY, Jeong HG. Down-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression by bisphenol A via nuclear factor-kappaB inactivation in macrophages. Cancer Lett. 2003 Jun 30;196(1):69-76. PubMed PMID: 12860292.

925: Johnson MD, Kenney N, Stoica A, Hilakivi-Clarke L, Singh B, Chepko G, Clarke R, Sholler PF, Lirio AA, Foss C, Reiter R, Trock B, Paik S, Martin MB. Cadmium mimics the in vivo effects of estrogen in the uterus and mammary gland. Nat Med. 2003 Aug;9(8):1081-4. Epub 2003 Jul 13. PubMed PMID: 12858169.

926: Marsaud V, Gougelet A, Maillard S, Renoir JM. Various phosphorylation pathways, depending on agonist and antagonist binding to endogenous estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha), differentially affect ERalpha extractability, proteasome-mediated stability, and transcriptional activity in human breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol. 2003 Oct;17(10):2013-27. Epub 2003 Jul 10. PubMed PMID: 12855746.

927: Piccart M, Parker LM, Pritchard KI. Oestrogen receptor downregulation: an opportunity for extending the window of endocrine therapy in advanced breast cancer. Ann Oncol. 2003 Jul;14(7):1017-25. Review. PubMed PMID: 12853342.

928: Chen WF, Huang MH, Tzang CH, Yang M, Wong MS. Inhibitory actions of genistein in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Jul 14;1638(2):187-96. PubMed PMID: 12853125.

929: Bayes M, Rabasseda X, Prous JR. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Jun;25(5):387-408. PubMed PMID: 12851663.

930: Hussar DA. New drugs 2003, part II. Nursing. 2003 Jul;33(7):57-62; quiz 63-4. PubMed PMID: 12851504.

931: Adis International Ltd. Cancer vaccine THERATOPE- Biomira. Drugs R D. 2003;4(4):236-40. PubMed PMID: 12848588.

932: Dong YL, Vegiraju S, Chauhan M, Yallampalli C. Expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor components, calcitonin receptor-like receptor and receptor activity modifying protein 1, in the rat placenta during pregnancy and their cellular localization. Mol Hum Reprod. 2003 Aug;9(8):481-90. Erratum in: Mol Hum Reprod. 2003 Nov;9(11):737. PubMed PMID: 12837925.

933: Wong JK, Le HH, Zsarnovszky A, Belcher SM. Estrogens and ICI182,780 (Faslodex) modulate mitosis and cell death in immature cerebellar neurons via rapid activation of p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Neurosci. 2003 Jun 15;23(12):4984-95. PubMed PMID: 12832521.

934: Pamidimukkala J, Hay M. 17 beta-Estradiol inhibits angiotensin II activation of area postrema neurons. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2003 Oct;285(4):H1515-20. Epub 2003 Jun 26. PubMed PMID: 12829428.

935: Vergote I, Robertson JF, Kleeberg U, Burton G, Osborne CK, Mauriac L; Trial 0020 Investigators; Trial 0021 Investigators. Postmenopausal women who progress on fulvestrant ('Faslodex') remain sensitive to further endocrine therapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 May;79(2):207-11. PubMed PMID: 12825855.

936: Rincavage HL, McDonnell DP, Kuhn CM. Expression of functional estrogen receptor beta in locus coeruleus-derived Cath.a cells. Endocrinology. 2003 Jul;144(7):2829-35. PubMed PMID: 12810537.

937: Donnez J, Hervais Vivancos B, Kudela M, Audebert A, Jadoul P. A randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial comparing fulvestrant with goserelin in premenopausal patients with uterine fibroids awaiting hysterectomy. Fertil Steril. 2003 Jun;79(6):1380-9. PubMed PMID: 12798886.

938: Sommer A, Hoffmann J, Lichtner RB, Schneider MR, Parczyk K. Studies on the development of resistance to the pure antiestrogen Faslodex in three human breast cancer cell lines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 May;85(1):33-47. PubMed PMID: 12798355.

939: Versea L, Rosenzweig M. Hormonal therapy for breast cancer: focus on fulvestrant. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2003 May-Jun;7(3):307-11. Review. PubMed PMID: 12793337.

940: Clark AS, Guarraci FA, Megroz AB, Porter DM, Henderson LP. The display of sexual behaviors by female rats administered ICI 182,780. Horm Behav. 2003 Apr;43(4):454-64. Erratum in: Horm Behav. 2004 Nov;46(4):506. PubMed PMID: 12788291.

941: Kelley KM, Rowan BG, Ratnam M. Modulation of the folate receptor alpha gene by the estrogen receptor: mechanism and implications in tumor targeting. Cancer Res. 2003 Jun 1;63(11):2820-8. PubMed PMID: 12782587.

942: Lamb CA, Helguero LA, Fabris V, Lucas C, Molinolo AA, Lanari C. Differential effects of raloxifene, tamoxifen and fulvestrant on a murine mammary carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 May;79(1):25-35. PubMed PMID: 12779079.

943: Stygar D, Muravitskaya N, Eriksson B, Eriksson H, Sahlin L. Effects of SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulator) treatment on growth and proliferation in the rat uterus. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2003 May 7;1:40. PubMed PMID: 12777179; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC156658.

944: Martin LA, Farmer I, Johnston SR, Ali S, Marshall C, Dowsett M. Enhanced estrogen receptor (ER) alpha, ERBB2, and MAPK signal transduction pathways operate during the adaptation of MCF-7 cells to long term estrogen deprivation. J Biol Chem. 2003 Aug 15;278(33):30458-68. Epub 2003 May 29. PubMed PMID: 12775708.

945: Xiao L, Jackson LR, Becker JB. The effect of estradiol in the striatum is blocked by ICI 182,780 but not tamoxifen: pharmacological and behavioral evidence. Neuroendocrinology. 2003 Apr;77(4):239-45. PubMed PMID: 12766324.

946: Mauriac L, Pippen JE, Quaresma Albano J, Gertler SZ, Osborne CK. Fulvestrant (Faslodex) versus anastrozole for the second-line treatment of advanced breast cancer in subgroups of postmenopausal women with visceral and non-visceral metastases: combined results from two multicentre trials. Eur J Cancer. 2003 Jun;39(9):1228-33. PubMed PMID: 12763210.

947: Inoue H, Shimizu I, Lu G, Itonaga M, Cui X, Okamura Y, Shono M, Honda H, Inoue S, Muramatsu M, Ito S. Idoxifene and estradiol enhance antiapoptotic activity through estrogen receptor-beta in cultured rat hepatocytes. Dig Dis Sci. 2003 Mar;48(3):570-80. PubMed PMID: 12757172.

948: Kimmins S, Russell GL, Lim HC, Hall BK, MacLaren LA. The effects of estrogen, its antagonist ICI 182, 780, and interferon-tau on the expression of estrogen receptors and integrin alphaV beta 3 on cycle day 16 in bovine endometrium. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2003 Apr 24;1:38. PubMed PMID: 12756058; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC155788.

949: Mokbel K. Recent advances in breast cancer: the 27th ESMO Congress 2002. Curr Med Res Opin. 2003;19(2):141-2. PubMed PMID: 12755150.

950: Marin R, Guerra B, Morales A, Díaz M, Alonso R. An oestrogen membrane receptor participates in estradiol actions for the prevention of amyloid-beta peptide1-40-induced toxicity in septal-derived cholinergic SN56 cells. J Neurochem. 2003 Jun;85(5):1180-9. PubMed PMID: 12753077.

951: Nuñez JL, McCarthy MM. Estradiol exacerbates hippocampal damage in a model of preterm infant brain injury. Endocrinology. 2003 Jun;144(6):2350-9. PubMed PMID: 12746295.

952: Somaï S, Chaouat M, Jacob D, Perrot JY, Rostène W, Forgez P, Gompel A. Antiestrogens are pro-apoptotic in normal human breast epithelial cells. Int J Cancer. 2003 Jul 10;105(5):607-12. PubMed PMID: 12740907.

953: Smolnikar K. Faslodex(TM) for the treatment of breast cancer. Drugs Today (Barc). 2001 Nov;37(11):783-789. PubMed PMID: 12738974.

954: Saleh TM, Connell BJ. Estrogen-induced autonomic effects are mediated by NMDA and GABAA receptors in the parabrachial nucleus. Brain Res. 2003 May 30;973(2):161-70. PubMed PMID: 12738059.

955: Zhao C, Koide A, Abrams J, Deighton-Collins S, Martinez A, Schwartz JA, Koide S, Skafar DF. Mutation of Leu-536 in human estrogen receptor-alpha alters the coupling between ligand binding, transcription activation, and receptor conformation. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jul 18;278(29):27278-86. Epub 2003 May 6. PubMed PMID: 12736255.

956: Jensen J, Kitlen JW, Briand P, Labrie F, Lykkesfeldt AE. Effect of antiestrogens and aromatase inhibitor on basal growth of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 in serum-free medium. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Mar;84(4):469-78. PubMed PMID: 12732292.

957: Farnell YZ, Ing NH. The effects of estradiol and selective estrogen receptor modulators on gene expression and messenger RNA stability in immortalized sheep endometrial stromal cells and human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Mar;84(4):453-61. PubMed PMID: 12732290.

958: Farhan H, Wähälä K, Cross HS. Genistein inhibits vitamin D hydroxylases CYP24 and CYP27B1 expression in prostate cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Mar;84(4):423-9. PubMed PMID: 12732287.

959: Chaban VV, Mayer EA, Ennes HS, Micevych PE. Estradiol inhibits atp-induced intracellular calcium concentration increase in dorsal root ganglia neurons. Neuroscience. 2003;118(4):941-8. PubMed PMID: 12732239.

960: Bianco NR, Perry G, Smith MA, Templeton DJ, Montano MM. Functional implications of antiestrogen induction of quinone reductase: inhibition of estrogen-induced deoxyribonucleic acid damage. Mol Endocrinol. 2003 Jul;17(7):1344-55. Epub 2003 Apr 24. PubMed PMID: 12714703.

961: Dutertre M, Smith CL. Ligand-independent interactions of p160/steroid receptor coactivators and CREB-binding protein (CBP) with estrogen receptor-alpha: regulation by phosphorylation sites in the A/B region depends on other receptor domains. Mol Endocrinol. 2003 Jul;17(7):1296-314. Epub 2003 Apr 24. PubMed PMID: 12714702.

962: Wang X, Simpkins JW, Dykens JA, Cammarata PR. Oxidative damage to human lens epithelial cells in culture: estrogen protection of mitochondrial potential, ATP, and cell viability. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003 May;44(5):2067-75. PubMed PMID: 12714645.

963: MacLusky NJ, Chalmers-Redman R, Kay G, Ju W, Nethrapalli IS, Tatton WG. Ovarian steroids reduce apoptosis induced by trophic insufficiency in nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 cells and axotomized rat facial motoneurons. Neuroscience. 2003;118(3):741-54. PubMed PMID: 12710981.

964: Palin SL, McTernan PG, Anderson LA, Sturdee DW, Barnett AH, Kumar S. 17Beta-estradiol and anti-estrogen ICI:compound 182,780 regulate expression of lipoprotein lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase in isolated subcutaneous abdominal adipocytes. Metabolism. 2003 Apr;52(4):383-8. PubMed PMID: 12701046.

965: Hancock CM. Fulvestrant antiestrogen for treatment of breast cancer. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2003 Mar-Apr;7(2):201-2. Review. PubMed PMID: 12696217.

966: Hornung MW, Ankley GT, Schmieder PK. Induction of an estrogen-responsive reporter gene in rainbow trout hepatoma cells (RTH 149) at 11 or 18 degrees C. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2003 Apr;22(4):866-71. PubMed PMID: 12685723.

967: Mize AL, Young LJ, Alper RH. Uncoupling of 5-HT1A receptors in the brain by estrogens: regional variations in antagonism by ICI 182,780. Neuropharmacology. 2003 Apr;44(5):584-91. PubMed PMID: 12668044.

968: Banerjee S, Saxena N, Sengupta K, Tawfik O, Mayo MS, Banerjee SK. WISP-2 gene in human breast cancer: estrogen and progesterone inducible expression and regulation of tumor cell proliferation. Neoplasia. 2003 Jan-Feb;5(1):63-73. PubMed PMID: 12659671; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1502127.

969: Lassurguère J, Livera G, Habert R, Jégou B. Time- and dose-related effects of estradiol and diethylstilbestrol on the morphology and function of the fetal rat testis in culture. Toxicol Sci. 2003 May;73(1):160-9. Epub 2003 Mar 25. PubMed PMID: 12657744.

970: Lee SY, Andoh T, Murphy DL, Chiueh CC. 17beta-estradiol activates ICI 182,780-sensitive estrogen receptors and cyclic GMP-dependent thioredoxin expression for neuroprotection. FASEB J. 2003 May;17(8):947-8. Epub 2003 Mar 5. PubMed PMID: 12626428.

971: Reinhart KC, Dubey RK, Cometti B, Keller PJ, Rosselli M. Differential effects of natural and environmental estrogens on endothelin synthesis in bovine oviduct cells. Biol Reprod. 2003 Apr;68(4):1430-6. Epub 2002 Nov 27. PubMed PMID: 12606437.

972: Orihuela PA, Parada-Bustamante A, Cortés PP, Gatica C, Croxatto HB. Estrogen receptor, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and protein kinase A are involved in the nongenomic pathway by which estradiol accelerates oviductal oocyte transport in cyclic rats. Biol Reprod. 2003 Apr;68(4):1225-31. Epub 2002 Oct 30. PubMed PMID: 12606351.

973: Liew R, Williams JK, Collins P, MacLeod KT. Soy-derived isoflavones exert opposing actions on Guinea pig ventricular myocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Mar;304(3):985-93. PubMed PMID: 12604673.

974: Conzen SD. Current status of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). Cancer J. 2003 Jan-Feb;9(1):4-14. Review. PubMed PMID: 12602762.

975: Volm MD. Male breast cancer. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2003 Apr;4(2):159-64. Review. PubMed PMID: 12594942.

976: Papaconstantinou AD, Umbreit TH, Goering PL, Brown KM. Effects of 17 alpha-methyltestosterone on uterine morphology and heat shock protein expression are mediated through estrogen and androgen receptors. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Nov;82(4-5):305-14. PubMed PMID: 12589937.

977: Hall JM, Korach KS. Stromal cell-derived factor 1, a novel target of estrogen receptor action, mediates the mitogenic effects of estradiol in ovarian and breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol. 2003 May;17(5):792-803. Epub 2003 Feb 13. PubMed PMID: 12586845.

978: Wade CB, Dorsa DM. Estrogen activation of cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate response element-mediated transcription requires the extracellularly regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Endocrinology. 2003 Mar;144(3):832-8. PubMed PMID: 12586759.

979: Sengupta K, Banerjee S, Saxena N, Banerjee SK. Estradiol-induced vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression in breast tumor cells is biphasic and regulated by estrogen receptor-alpha dependent pathway. Int J Oncol. 2003 Mar;22(3):609-14. PubMed PMID: 12579315.

980: Kim K, Thu N, Saville B, Safe S. Domains of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) required for ERalpha/Sp1-mediated activation of GC-rich promoters by estrogens and antiestrogens in breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol. 2003 May;17(5):804-17. Epub 2003 Feb 6. PubMed PMID: 12576490.

981: Mize AL, Alper RH. Rapid uncoupling of serotonin-1A receptors in rat hippocampus by 17beta-estradiol in vitro requires protein kinases A and C. Neuroendocrinology. 2002 Dec;76(6):339-47. PubMed PMID: 12566941.

982: Ivanova T, Beyer C. Estrogen regulates tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the neonate mouse midbrain. J Neurobiol. 2003 Mar;54(4):638-47. PubMed PMID: 12555275.

983: Stoica GE, Franke TF, Wellstein A, Czubayko F, List HJ, Reiter R, Morgan E, Martin MB, Stoica A. Estradiol rapidly activates Akt via the ErbB2 signaling pathway. Mol Endocrinol. 2003 May;17(5):818-30. Epub 2003 Jan 23. Retraction in: Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Aug;18(8):2096. PubMed PMID: 12554767.

984: Fan M, Bigsby RM, Nephew KP. The NEDD8 pathway is required for proteasome-mediated degradation of human estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha and essential for the antiproliferative activity of ICI 182,780 in ERalpha-positive breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol. 2003 Mar;17(3):356-65. Epub 2002 Dec 18. PubMed PMID: 12554766.

985: Soares R, Guo S, Russo J, Schmitt F. Role of the estrogen antagonist ICI 182,780 in vessel assembly and apoptosis of endothelial cells. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2003 Jan-Feb;27(1):33-9. PubMed PMID: 12554534.

986: Liu S, Sugimoto Y, Kulp SK, Jiang J, Chang HL, Park KY, Kashida Y, Lin YC. Estrogenic down-regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (PTP gamma) in human breast is associated with estrogen receptor alpha. Anticancer Res. 2002 Nov-Dec;22(6C):3917-23. PubMed PMID: 12553013.

987: Morris C, Wakeling A. Fulvestrant ('Faslodex')--a new treatment option for patients progressing on prior endocrine therapy. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2002 Dec;9(4):267-76. Review. PubMed PMID: 12542403.

988: Dowsett M. Preoperative models to evaluate endocrine strategies for breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Jan;9(1 Pt 2):502S-10S. Review. PubMed PMID: 12538507.

989: Pritchard KI. Endocrine therapy of advanced disease: analysis and implications of the existing data. Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Jan;9(1 Pt 2):460S-7S. Review. PubMed PMID: 12538501.

990: Brodie A, Jelovac D, Long BJ. Predictions from a preclinical model: studies of aromatase inhibitors and antiestrogens. Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Jan;9(1 Pt 2):455S-9S. PubMed PMID: 12538500.

991: Bowe J, Li XF, Sugden D, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS, O'Byrne KT. The effects of the phytoestrogen, coumestrol, on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) mRNA expression in GT1-7 GnRH neurones. J Neuroendocrinol. 2003 Feb;15(2):105-8. PubMed PMID: 12535152.

992: Ren J, Hintz KK, Roughead ZK, Duan J, Colligan PB, Ren BH, Lee KJ, Zeng H. Impact of estrogen replacement on ventricular myocyte contractile function and protein kinase B/Akt activation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2003 May;284(5):H1800-7. Epub 2003 Jan 16. PubMed PMID: 12531723.

993: Darbre PD, Byford JR, Shaw LE, Hall S, Coldham NG, Pope GS, Sauer MJ. Oestrogenic activity of benzylparaben. J Appl Toxicol. 2003 Jan-Feb;23(1):43-51. PubMed PMID: 12518336.

994: Marin-Castaño ME, Elliot SJ, Potier M, Karl M, Striker LJ, Striker GE, Csaky KG, Cousins SW. Regulation of estrogen receptors and MMP-2 expression by estrogens in human retinal pigment epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003 Jan;44(1):50-9. PubMed PMID: 12506055.

995: Pearce ST, Liu H, Jordan VC. Modulation of estrogen receptor alpha function and stability by tamoxifen and a critical amino acid (Asp-538) in helix 12. J Biol Chem. 2003 Feb 28;278(9):7630-8. Epub 2002 Dec 20. PubMed PMID: 12496244.

996: Bross PF, Cohen MH, Williams GA, Pazdur R. FDA drug approval summaries: fulvestrant. Oncologist. 2002;7(6):477-80. PubMed PMID: 12490735.

997: Mize AL, Shapiro RA, Dorsa DM. Estrogen receptor-mediated neuroprotection from oxidative stress requires activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Endocrinology. 2003 Jan;144(1):306-12. PubMed PMID: 12488359.

998: Akingbemi BT, Ge R, Rosenfeld CS, Newton LG, Hardy DO, Catterall JF, Lubahn DB, Korach KS, Hardy MP. Estrogen receptor-alpha gene deficiency enhances androgen biosynthesis in the mouse Leydig cell. Endocrinology. 2003 Jan;144(1):84-93. PubMed PMID: 12488333.

999: Webb P, Nguyen P, Kushner PJ. Differential SERM effects on corepressor binding dictate ERalpha activity in vivo. J Biol Chem. 2003 Feb 28;278(9):6912-20. Epub 2002 Dec 13. PubMed PMID: 12482846.

1000: Banerjee S, Saxena N, Sengupta K, Banerjee SK. 17alpha-estradiol-induced VEGF-A expression in rat pituitary tumor cells is mediated through ER independent but PI3K-Akt dependent signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Jan 3;300(1):209-15. PubMed PMID: 12480545.

1001: Chegini N, Ma C, Tang XM, Williams RS. Effects of GnRH analogues, 'add-back' steroid therapy, antiestrogen and antiprogestins on leiomyoma and myometrial smooth muscle cell growth and transforming growth factor-beta expression. Mol Hum Reprod. 2002 Dec;8(12):1071-8. PubMed PMID: 12468639.

1002: Hui R, Finney GL, Carroll JS, Lee CS, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL. Constitutive overexpression of cyclin D1 but not cyclin E confers acute resistance to antiestrogens in T-47D breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2002 Dec 1;62(23):6916-23. PubMed PMID: 12460907.

1003: Addo S, Yates RA, Laight A. A phase I trial to assess the pharmacology of the new oestrogen receptor antagonist fulvestrant on the endometrium in healthy postmenopausal volunteers. Br J Cancer. 2002 Dec 2;87(12):1354-9. PubMed PMID: 12454761; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2376292.

1004: Di Lorenzo D, Villa R, Biasiotto G, Belloli S, Ruggeri G, Albertini A, Apostoli P, Raviscioni M, Ciana P, Maggi A. Isomer-specific activity of dichlorodyphenyltrichloroethane with estrogen receptor in adult and suckling estrogen reporter mice. Endocrinology. 2002 Dec;143(12):4544-51. PubMed PMID: 12446581.

1005: Frye CA, Rhodes ME. Enhancing effects of estrogen on inhibitory avoidance performance may be in part independent of intracellular estrogen receptors in the hippocampus. Brain Res. 2002 Nov 29;956(2):285-93. PubMed PMID: 12445697.

1006: Gradishar WJ, Morrow M. Advances in endocrine therapy of metastatic breast cancer. Br J Surg. 2002 Dec;89(12):1489-92. PubMed PMID: 12445055.

1007: Tsai MS, Bogart DF, Castañeda JM, Li P, Lupu R. Cyr61 promotes breast tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Oncogene. 2002 Nov 21;21(53):8178-85. PubMed PMID: 12444554.

1008: Bindels EM, Lallemand F, Balkenende A, Verwoerd D, Michalides R. Involvement of G1/S cyclins in estrogen-independent proliferation of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Oncogene. 2002 Nov 21;21(53):8158-65. PubMed PMID: 12444551.

1009: Hermenegildo C, García-Martínez MC, Tarín JJ, Cano A. Inhibition of low-density lipoprotein oxidation by the pure antiestrogens ICI 182780 and EM-652 (SCH 57068). Menopause. 2002 Nov-Dec;9(6):430-5. PubMed PMID: 12439102.

1010: Hyder SM, Stancel GM. Inhibition of progesterone-induced VEGF production in human breast cancer cells by the pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Cancer Lett. 2002 Jul 8;181(1):47-53. PubMed PMID: 12430178.

1011: Mogami M, Hida H, Hayashi Y, Kohri K, Kodama Y, Gyun Jung C, Nishino H. Estrogen blocks 3-nitropropionic acid-induced Ca2+i increase and cell damage in cultured rat cerebral endothelial cells. Brain Res. 2002 Nov 22;956(1):116-25. PubMed PMID: 12426054.

1012: Rowlands JC, Berhow MA, Badger TM. Estrogenic and antiproliferative properties of soy sapogenols in human breast cancer cells in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol. 2002 Dec;40(12):1767-74. PubMed PMID: 12419690.

1013: Yamasaki K, Sawaki M, Noda S, Wada T, Hara T, Takatsuki M. Immature uterotrophic assay of estrogenic compounds in rats given diets of different phytoestrogen content and the ovarian changes with ICI 182,780 or antide. Arch Toxicol. 2002 Nov;76(11):613-20. Epub 2002 Aug 8. PubMed PMID: 12415423.

1014: Howell A. Selective oestrogen receptor downregulator. Eur J Cancer. 2002 Nov;38 Suppl 6:S61-2. PubMed PMID: 12409078.

1015: Vergote I; Faslodex 0020 and 0021 Investigators. Fulvestrant versus anastrozole as second-line treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Eur J Cancer. 2002 Nov;38 Suppl 6:S57-8. PubMed PMID: 12409076.

1016: Chen H, Xiao J, Hu G, Zhou J, Xiao H, Wang X. Estrogenicity of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2002 Oct 11;65(19):1419-35. PubMed PMID: 12396874.

1017: Giamarchi C, Chailleux C, Calligé M, Rochaix P, Trouche D, Richard-Foy H. Two antiestrogens affect differently chromatin remodeling of trefoil factor 1 (pS2) gene and the fate of estrogen receptor in MCF7 cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Oct 11;1578(1-3):12-20. PubMed PMID: 12393183.

1018: Hermenegildo C, García-Martínez MC, Tarín JJ, Cano A. Estradiol reduces F2alpha-isoprostane production in cultured human endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002 Dec;283(6):H2644-9. Epub 2002 Jul 26. PubMed PMID: 12388318.

1019: Bracamonte MP, Jayachandran M, Rud KS, Miller VM. Acute effects of 17beta -estradiol on femoral veins from adult gonadally intact and ovariectomized female pigs. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002 Dec;283(6):H2389-96. Epub 2002 Sep 12. PubMed PMID: 12388282.

1020: Talamantes F, Ortiz R. Structure and regulation of expression of the mouse GH receptor. J Endocrinol. 2002 Oct;175(1):55-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 12379490.

1021: Letcher RJ, Lemmen JG, van der Burg B, Brouwer A, Bergman A, Giesy JP, van den Berg M. In vitro antiestrogenic effects of aryl methyl sulfone metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls and 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethene on 17beta-estradiol-induced gene expression in several bioassay systems. Toxicol Sci. 2002 Oct;69(2):362-72. PubMed PMID: 12377985.

1022: Gore AC, Wu TJ, Oung T, Lee JB, Woller MJ. A novel mechanism for endocrine-disrupting effects of polychlorinated biphenyls: direct effects on gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurones. J Neuroendocrinol. 2002 Oct;14(10):814-23. PubMed PMID: 12372006.

1023: Lauritsen KJ, List HJ, Reiter R, Wellstein A, Riegel AT. A role for TGF-beta in estrogen and retinoid mediated regulation of the nuclear receptor coactivator AIB1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Oncogene. 2002 Oct 17;21(47):7147-55. PubMed PMID: 12370804.

1024: Chan CM, Martin LA, Johnston SR, Ali S, Dowsett M. Molecular changes associated with the acquisition of oestrogen hypersensitivity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells on long-term oestrogen deprivation. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Aug;81(4-5):333-41. PubMed PMID: 12361723.

1025: Carlson RW. Sequencing of endocrine therapies in breast cancer--integration of recent data. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2002 Oct;75 Suppl 1:S27-32; discussion S33-5. Review. PubMed PMID: 12353821.

1026: Jones SE. A new estrogen receptor antagonist--an overview of available data. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2002 Oct;75 Suppl 1:S19-21; discussion S33-5. Review. PubMed PMID: 12353819.

1027: Dong YL, Vegiraju S, Gangula PR, Kondapaka SB, Wimalawansa SJ, Yallampalli C. Expression and regulation of calcitonin gene-related Peptide receptor in rat placentas. Biol Reprod. 2002 Oct;67(4):1321-6. Erratum in: Biol Reprod. 2002 Dec;67(6):1996.. PubMed PMID: 12297551.

1028: Obrero M, Yu DV, Shapiro DJ. Estrogen receptor-dependent and estrogen receptor-independent pathways for tamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen-induced programmed cell death. J Biol Chem. 2002 Nov 22;277(47):45695-703. Epub 2002 Sep 19. PubMed PMID: 12244117.

1029: Noguchi S, Nakatsuka M, Asagiri K, Habara T, Takata M, Konishi H, Kudo T. Bisphenol A stimulates NO synthesis through a non-genomic estrogen receptor-mediated mechanism in mouse endothelial cells. Toxicol Lett. 2002 Sep 5;135(1-2):95-101. PubMed PMID: 12243868.

1030: Sun YP, Lee TJ, Shah GV. Calcitonin expression in rat anterior pituitary gland is regulated by ovarian steroid hormones. Endocrinology. 2002 Oct;143(10):4056-64. PubMed PMID: 12239117.

1031: Bayés M, Rabasseda X, Prous JR. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Jul-Aug;24(6):371-91. PubMed PMID: 12224444.

1032: Darbre PD, Byford JR, Shaw LE, Horton RA, Pope GS, Sauer MJ. Oestrogenic activity of isobutylparaben in vitro and in vivo. J Appl Toxicol. 2002 Jul-Aug;22(4):219-26. PubMed PMID: 12210538.

1033: Ashby J, Owens W, Deghenghi R, Odum J. Concept evaluation: an assay for receptor-mediated and biochemical antiestrogens using pubertal rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2002 Jun;35(3):393-7. PubMed PMID: 12202054.

1034: Takei H, Lee ES, Jordan VC. In vitro regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor by estrogens and antiestrogens in estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer. 2002;9(1):39-42. PubMed PMID: 12196720.

1035: Cotroneo MS, Wang J, Fritz WA, Eltoum IE, Lamartiniere CA. Genistein action in the prepubertal mammary gland in a chemoprevention model. Carcinogenesis. 2002 Sep;23(9):1467-74. PubMed PMID: 12189189.

1036: New treatment for advanced breast cancer. FDA Consum. 2002 Jul-Aug;36(4):6. PubMed PMID: 12184311.

1037: Howell A, Robertson JF, Quaresma Albano J, Aschermannova A, Mauriac L, Kleeberg UR, Vergote I, Erikstein B, Webster A, Morris C. Fulvestrant, formerly ICI 182,780, is as effective as anastrozole in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer progressing after prior endocrine treatment. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Aug 15;20(16):3396-403. PubMed PMID: 12177099.

1038: Osborne CK, Pippen J, Jones SE, Parker LM, Ellis M, Come S, Gertler SZ, May JT, Burton G, Dimery I, Webster A, Morris C, Elledge R, Buzdar A. Double-blind, randomized trial comparing the efficacy and tolerability of fulvestrant versus anastrozole in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer progressing on prior endocrine therapy: results of a North American trial. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Aug 15;20(16):3386-95. PubMed PMID: 12177098.

1039: Cho DI, Koo NY, Chung WJ, Kim TS, Ryu SY, Im SY, Kim KM. Effects of resveratrol-related hydroxystilbenes on the nitric oxide production in macrophage cells: structural requirements and mechanism of action. Life Sci. 2002 Sep 13;71(17):2071-82. PubMed PMID: 12175900.

1040: Bundred NJ, Anderson E, Nicholson RI, Dowsett M, Dixon M, Robertson JF. Fulvestrant, an estrogen receptor downregulator, reduces cell turnover index more effectively than tamoxifen. Anticancer Res. 2002 Jul-Aug;22(4):2317-9. PubMed PMID: 12174920.

1041: Rasmussen TH, Nielsen JB. Critical parameters in the MCF-7 cell proliferation bioassay (E-Screen). Biomarkers. 2002 Jul-Aug;7(4):322-36. PubMed PMID: 12171759.

1042: Finking G, Lenz C, Schochat T, Hanke H. Reduction of post injury neointima formation due to 17beta-estradiol and phytoestrogen treatment is not influenced by the pure synthetic estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 in vitro. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2002 Aug 6;2:13. PubMed PMID: 12162794; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC119852.

1043: Ni X, Nicholson RC, King BR, Chan EC, Read MA, Smith R. Estrogen represses whereas the estrogen-antagonist ICI 182780 stimulates placental CRH gene expression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Aug;87(8):3774-8. PubMed PMID: 12161509.

1044: Chan RY, Chen WF, Dong A, Guo D, Wong MS. Estrogen-like activity of ginsenoside Rg1 derived from Panax notoginseng. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Aug;87(8):3691-5. PubMed PMID: 12161497.

1045: Huang HJ, Norris JD, McDonnell DP. Identification of a negative regulatory surface within estrogen receptor alpha provides evidence in support of a role for corepressors in regulating cellular responses to agonists and antagonists. Mol Endocrinol. 2002 Aug;16(8):1778-92. PubMed PMID: 12145334.

1046: Belandia B, Orford RL, Hurst HC, Parker MG. Targeting of SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complexes to estrogen-responsive genes. EMBO J. 2002 Aug 1;21(15):4094-103. PubMed PMID: 12145209; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC126156.

1047: Dick GM. The pure anti-oestrogen ICI 182,780 (Faslodex) activates large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels in smooth muscle. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Aug;136(7):961-4. PubMed PMID: 12145095; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1573435.

1048: Alvaro D, Onori P, Metalli VD, Svegliati-Baroni G, Folli F, Franchitto A, Alpini G, Mancino MG, Attili AF, Gaudio E. Intracellular pathways mediating estrogen-induced cholangiocyte proliferation in the rat. Hepatology. 2002 Aug;36(2):297-304. PubMed PMID: 12143037.

1049: Flint AP, Sheldrick EL, Fisher PA. Ligand-independent activation of steroid receptors. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2002 Jul;23(1-2):13-24. PubMed PMID: 12142222.

1050: Chan S. A review of selective estrogen receptor modulators in the treatment of breast and endometrial cancer. Semin Oncol. 2002 Jun;29(3 Suppl 11):129-33. Review. PubMed PMID: 12138407.

1051: Fulvestrant (faslodex) for advanced breast cancer. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2002 Jul 22;44(1135):65-6. PubMed PMID: 12138378.

1052: New alternative to tamoxifen. Harv Womens Health Watch. 2002 Jul;9(11):7. PubMed PMID: 12138025.

1053: Afzal I, Cunningham P, Naftalin RJ. Interactions of ATP, oestradiol, genistein and the anti-oestrogens, faslodex (ICI 182780) and tamoxifen, with the human erythrocyte glucose transporter, GLUT1. Biochem J. 2002 Aug 1;365(Pt 3):707-19. PubMed PMID: 12133004; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1222738.

1054: Ickenstein LM, Bandiera SM. Persistent suppression of hepatic CYP2A1 expression and serum triiodothyronine levels by tamoxifen in intact female rats: dose-response analysis and comparison with 4-hydroxytamoxifen, fulvestrant (ICI 182,780), and 17beta-estradiol-3-benzoate. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Aug;302(2):584-93. PubMed PMID: 12130719.

1055: Ivanova T, Karolczak M, Beyer C. Estradiol stimulates GDNF expression in developing hypothalamic neurons. Endocrinology. 2002 Aug;143(8):3175-8. PubMed PMID: 12130584.

1056: Bramlett KS, Burris TP. Effects of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) on coactivator nuclear receptor (NR) box binding to estrogen receptors. Mol Genet Metab. 2002 Jul;76(3):225-33. PubMed PMID: 12126937.

1057: Varma H, Conrad SE. Antiestrogen ICI 182,780 decreases proliferation of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)-treated MCF-7 cells without inhibiting IGF-I signaling. Cancer Res. 2002 Jul 15;62(14):3985-91. PubMed PMID: 12124331.

1058: Chen D, Washbrook E, Sarwar N, Bates GJ, Pace PE, Thirunuvakkarasu V, Taylor J, Epstein RJ, Fuller-Pace FV, Egly JM, Coombes RC, Ali S. Phosphorylation of human estrogen receptor alpha at serine 118 by two distinct signal transduction pathways revealed by phosphorylation-specific antisera. Oncogene. 2002 Jul 25;21(32):4921-31. PubMed PMID: 12118371.

1059: Parker LM. Sequencing of hormonal therapy in postmenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer. Clin Ther. 2002;24 Suppl C:C43-57. Review. PubMed PMID: 12117075.

1060: Cummings FJ. Evolving uses of hormonal agents for breast cancer therapy. Clin Ther. 2002;24 Suppl C:C3-25. Review. PubMed PMID: 12117074.

1061: Costantino J. The impact of hormonal treatments on quality of life of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Clin Ther. 2002;24 Suppl C:C26-42. Review. PubMed PMID: 12117073.

1062: Moalli PA, Klingensmith WL, Meyn LA, Zyczynski HM. Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase expression by estrogen in fibroblasts that are derived from the pelvic floor. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Jul;187(1):72-9. PubMed PMID: 12114891.

1063: Long BJ, Jelovac D, Thiantanawat A, Brodie AM. The effect of second-line antiestrogen therapy on breast tumor growth after first-line treatment with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole: long-term studies using the intratumoral aromatase postmenopausal breast cancer model. Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Jul;8(7):2378-88. PubMed PMID: 12114443.

1064: Bundred N, Howell A. Fulvestrant (Faslodex): current status in the therapy of breast cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2002 Apr;2(2):151-60. Review. PubMed PMID: 12113237.

1065: Smith PM, Heinrich CA, Pappas S, Peluso JJ, Cowan A, White BA. Reciprocal regulation by estradiol 17-beta of ezrin and cadherin-catenin complexes in pituitary GH3 cells. Endocrine. 2002 Apr;17(3):219-28. PubMed PMID: 12108523.

1066: LaVallee TM, Zhan XH, Herbstritt CJ, Kough EC, Green SJ, Pribluda VS. 2-Methoxyestradiol inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis independently of estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Cancer Res. 2002 Jul 1;62(13):3691-7. PubMed PMID: 12097276.

1067: Nicholson RI, Hutcheson IR, Harper ME, Knowlden JM, Barrow D, McClelland RA, Jones HE, Wakeling AE, Gee JM. Modulation of epidermal growth factor receptor in endocrine-resistant, estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Jun;963:104-15. PubMed PMID: 12095935.

1068: Chen X, Anderson JJ. Isoflavones inhibit proliferation of ovarian cancer cells in vitro via an estrogen receptor-dependent pathway. Nutr Cancer. 2001;41(1-2):165-71. PubMed PMID: 12094620.

1069: Gore AC. Organochlorine pesticides directly regulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene expression and biosynthesis in the GT1-7 hypothalamic cell line. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2002 Jun 28;192(1-2):157-70. PubMed PMID: 12088877.

1070: Dow KH. Existing and emerging endocrine therapies for breast cancer. Cancer Nurs. 2002 Apr;25 Suppl 2:6S-11S. Review. PubMed PMID: 12080538.

1071: Lynn J. Estrogen receptor downregulators: new advances in managing advanced breast cancer. Cancer Nurs. 2002 Apr;25 Suppl 2:2S-5S; quiz 18S-19S. PubMed PMID: 12080537.

1072: Lynn J. The oncology nurse's role in educating patients on endocrine therapy for metastatic breast cancer--focus on fulvestrant. Cancer Nurs. 2002 Apr;25 Suppl 2:12S-17S. PubMed PMID: 12080536.

1073: Wardley AM. Fulvestrant: a review of its development, pre-clinical and clinical data. Int J Clin Pract. 2002 May;56(4):305-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 12074216.

1074: Gu Z, Lee RY, Skaar TC, Bouker KB, Welch JN, Lu J, Liu A, Zhu Y, Davis N, Leonessa F, Brünner N, Wang Y, Clarke R. Association of interferon regulatory factor-1, nucleophosmin, nuclear factor-kappaB, and cyclic AMP response element binding with acquired resistance to Faslodex (ICI 182,780). Cancer Res. 2002 Jun 15;62(12):3428-37. PubMed PMID: 12067985.

1075: Yin P, Kawashima K, Arita J. Direct actions of estradiol on the anterior pituitary gland are required for hypothalamus-dependent lactotrope proliferation and secretory surges of luteinizing hormone but not of prolactin in female rats. Neuroendocrinology. 2002 Jun;75(6):392-401. PubMed PMID: 12065892.

1076: You HJ, Choi CY, Jeon YJ, Chung YC, Kang SK, Hahm KS, Jeong HG. Suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression by 4-nonylphenol in macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Jun 21;294(4):753-9. PubMed PMID: 12061770.

1077: McNeill AM, Zhang C, Stanczyk FZ, Duckles SP, Krause DN. Estrogen increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase via estrogen receptors in rat cerebral blood vessels: effect preserved after concurrent treatment with medroxyprogesterone acetate or progesterone. Stroke. 2002 Jun;33(6):1685-91. PubMed PMID: 12053012.

1078: Carroll JS, Swarbrick A, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL. Mechanisms of growth arrest by c-myc antisense oligonucleotides in MCF-7 breast cancer cells: implications for the antiproliferative effects of antiestrogens. Cancer Res. 2002 Jun 1;62(11):3126-31. PubMed PMID: 12036924.

1079: Tong GM, Rajah TT, Zang XP, Pento JT. The effect of antiestrogens on TGF-beta-mediated chemotaxis of human breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 2002 Jan-Feb;22(1A):103-6. PubMed PMID: 12017270.

1080: Oliveira CA, Zhou Q, Carnes K, Nie R, Kuehl DE, Jackson GL, Franca LR, Nakai M, Hess RA. ER function in the adult male rat: short- and long-term effects of the antiestrogen ICI 182,780 on the testis and efferent ductules, without changes in testosterone. Endocrinology. 2002 Jun;143(6):2399-409. PubMed PMID: 12021205.

1081: Thompson CJ, Tam NN, Joyce JM, Leav I, Ho SM. Gene expression profiling of testosterone and estradiol-17 beta-induced prostatic dysplasia in Noble rats and response to the antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Endocrinology. 2002 Jun;143(6):2093-105. PubMed PMID: 12021174.

1082: Johnston SR. Fulvestrant (AstraZeneca). Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2002 Feb;3(2):305-12. Review. PubMed PMID: 12020064.

1083: Pelzer T, de Jager T, Muck J, Stimpel M, Neyses L. Oestrogen action on the myocardium in vivo: specific and permissive for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. J Hypertens. 2002 May;20(5):1001-6. PubMed PMID: 12011662.

1084: Schwartz Z, Sylvia VL, Guinee T, Dean DD, Boyan BD. Tamoxifen elicits its anti-estrogen effects in growth plate chondrocytes by inhibiting protein kinase C. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Apr;80(4-5):401-10. PubMed PMID: 11983487.

1085: Wilson MA, Chrysogelos SA. Identification and characterization of a negative regulatory element within the epidermal growth factor receptor gene first intron in hormone-dependent breast cancer cells. J Cell Biochem. 2002;85(3):601-14. PubMed PMID: 11968000.

1086: Machado JD, Alonso C, Morales A, Gómez JF, Borges R. Nongenomic regulation of the kinetics of exocytosis by estrogens. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 May;301(2):631-7. PubMed PMID: 11961067.

1087: Venditti M, Iwasiow B, Orr FW, Shiu RP. C-myc gene expression alone is sufficient to confer resistance to antiestrogen in human breast cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 2002 May 1;99(1):35-42. PubMed PMID: 11948489.

1088: Ohno S, Shinoda S, Toyoshima S, Nakazawa H, Makino T, Nakajin S. Effects of flavonoid phytochemicals on cortisol production and on activities of steroidogenic enzymes in human adrenocortical H295R cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Mar;80(3):355-63. PubMed PMID: 11948020.

1089: Latonnelle K, Le Menn F, Kaushik SJ, Bennetau-Pelissero C. Effects of dietary phytoestrogens in vivo and in vitro in rainbow trout and Siberian sturgeon: interests and limits of the in vitro studies of interspecies differences. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2002 Mar;126(1):39-51. PubMed PMID: 11944965.

1090: Bucci M, Roviezzo F, Cicala C, Pinto A, Cirino G. 17-beta-oestradiol-induced vasorelaxation in vitro is mediated by eNOS through hsp90 and akt/pkb dependent mechanism. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Apr;135(7):1695-700. PubMed PMID: 11934809; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1573306.

1091: Cheng MZ, Rawlinson SC, Pitsillides AA, Zaman G, Mohan S, Baylink DJ, Lanyon LE. Human osteoblasts' proliferative responses to strain and 17beta-estradiol are mediated by the estrogen receptor and the receptor for insulin-like growth factor I. J Bone Miner Res. 2002 Apr;17(4):593-602. PubMed PMID: 11924572.

1092: Elkak AE, Mokbel K. Pure antiestrogens and breast cancer. Curr Med Res Opin. 2001;17(4):282-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 11922402.

1093: Rabenoelina F, Semlali A, Duchesne MJ, Freiss G, Pons M, Badia E. Effect of prolonged hydroxytamoxifen treatment of MCF-7 cells on mitogen activated kinase cascade. Int J Cancer. 2002 Apr 10;98(5):698-706. PubMed PMID: 11920638.

1094: Rassi CM, Lieberherr M, Chaumaz G, Pointillart A, Cournot G. Down-regulation of osteoclast differentiation by daidzein via caspase 3. J Bone Miner Res. 2002 Apr;17(4):630-8. PubMed PMID: 11918220.

1095: Rickard DJ, Waters KM, Ruesink TJ, Khosla S, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS, Riggs BL, Spelsberg TC. Estrogen receptor isoform-specific induction of progesterone receptors in human osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Res. 2002 Apr;17(4):580-92. PubMed PMID: 11918216.

1096: Howell A. Future use of selective estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Dec;7(12 Suppl):4402s-4410s; discussion 4411s-4412s. Review. PubMed PMID: 11916232.

1097: Howell A. Preliminary experience with pure antiestrogens. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Dec;7(12 Suppl):4369s-4375s; discussion 4411s-4412s. Review. PubMed PMID: 11916227.

1098: Wakeling AE, Nicholson RI, Gee JM. Prospects for combining hormonal and nonhormonal growth factor inhibition. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Dec;7(12 Suppl):4350s-4355s; discussion 4411s-4412s. Review. PubMed PMID: 11916224.

1099: Serova L, Rivkin M, Nakashima A, Sabban EL. Estradiol stimulates gene expression of norepinephrine biosynthetic enzymes in rat locus coeruleus. Neuroendocrinology. 2002 Mar;75(3):193-200. PubMed PMID: 11914591.

1100: Torosian M, O'Shaughnessy J, Parker LM, Vogel C. Fulvestrant: clinical application of an estrogen receptor downregulator. Clin Ther. 2002;24 Suppl A:A31-40. PubMed PMID: 11911508.

1101: Robertson JF. Estrogen receptor downregulators: new antihormonal therapy for advanced breast cancer. Clin Ther. 2002;24 Suppl A:A17-30. Review. PubMed PMID: 11911506.

1102: Vandenput L, Swinnen JV, Van Herck E, Verstuyf A, Boonen S, Bouillon R, Vanderschueren D. The estrogen receptor ligand ICI 182,780 does not impair the bone-sparing effects of testosterone in the young orchidectomized rat model. Calcif Tissue Int. 2002 Mar;70(3):170-5. Epub 2002 Jan 28. PubMed PMID: 11907714.

1103: Tsai CH, Su SF, Chou TF, Lee TM. Differential effects of sarcolemmal and mitochondrial K(ATP) channels activated by 17 beta-estradiol on reperfusion arrhythmias and infarct sizes in canine hearts. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Apr;301(1):234-40. PubMed PMID: 11907179.

1104: Mukherjee TK, Dinh H, Chaudhuri G, Nathan L. Testosterone attenuates expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 by conversion to estradiol by aromatase in endothelial cells: implications in atherosclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Mar 19;99(6):4055-60. PubMed PMID: 11904449; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC122647.

1105: Baum M. A vision for the future? Br J Cancer. 2001 Nov;85 Suppl 2:15-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 11900211; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2375171.

1106: Robertson JF. ICI 182,780 (Fulvestrant)--the first oestrogen receptor down-regulator--current clinical data. Br J Cancer. 2001 Nov;85 Suppl 2:11-4. Review. PubMed PMID: 11900210; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2375169.

1107: Hirsimäki P, Aaltonen A, Mäntylä E. Toxicity of antiestrogens. Breast J. 2002 Mar-Apr;8(2):92-6. Review. PubMed PMID: 11896754.

1108: Hayes SG, Moya Del Pino NB, Kaufman MP. Estrogen attenuates the cardiovascular and ventilatory responses to central command in cats. J Appl Physiol. 2002 Apr;92(4):1635-41. PubMed PMID: 11896031.

1109: Bouras T, Southey MC, Chang AC, Reddel RR, Willhite D, Glynne R, Henderson MA, Armes JE, Venter DJ. Stanniocalcin 2 is an estrogen-responsive gene coexpressed with the estrogen receptor in human breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2002 Mar 1;62(5):1289-95. PubMed PMID: 11888893.

1110: Preisler-Mashek MT, Solodin N, Stark BL, Tyriver MK, Alarid ET. Ligand-specific regulation of proteasome-mediated proteolysis of estrogen receptor-alpha. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Apr;282(4):E891-8. PubMed PMID: 11882509.

1111: Ling S, Little PJ, Williams MR, Dai A, Hashimura K, Liu JP, Komesaroff PA, Sudhir K. High glucose abolishes the antiproliferative effect of 17beta-estradiol in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Apr;282(4):E746-51. PubMed PMID: 11882493.

1112: Weatherman RV, Chang CY, Clegg NJ, Carroll DC, Day RN, Baxter JD, McDonnell DP, Scanlan TS, Schaufele F. Ligand-selective interactions of ER detected in living cells by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Mol Endocrinol. 2002 Mar;16(3):487-96. PubMed PMID: 11875107.

1113: Pinilla L, Barreiro ML, Gonzalez LC, Tena-Sempere M, Aguilar E. Comparative effects of testosterone propionate, oestradiol benzoate, ICI 182,780, tamoxifen and raloxifene on hypothalamic differentiation in the female rat. J Endocrinol. 2002 Mar;172(3):441-8. PubMed PMID: 11874692.

1114: Diel P, Olff S, Schmidt S, Michna H. Effects of the environmental estrogens bisphenol A, o,p'-DDT, p-tert-octylphenol and coumestrol on apoptosis induction, cell proliferation and the expression of estrogen sensitive molecular parameters in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Jan;80(1):61-70. PubMed PMID: 11867264.

1115: Byford JR, Shaw LE, Drew MG, Pope GS, Sauer MJ, Darbre PD. Oestrogenic activity of parabens in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Jan;80(1):49-60. PubMed PMID: 11867263.

1116: Maran A, Zhang M, Kennedy AM, Sibonga JD, Rickard DJ, Spelsberg TC, Turner RT. 2-methoxyestradiol induces interferon gene expression and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Bone. 2002 Feb;30(2):393-8. PubMed PMID: 11856647.

1117: Robertson JF. Faslodex (ICI 182, 780), a novel estrogen receptor downregulator--future possibilities in breast cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 Dec;79(1-5):209-12. Review. PubMed PMID: 11850227.

1118: Santen R, Jeng MH, Wang JP, Song R, Masamura S, McPherson R, Santner S, Yue W, Shim WS. Adaptive hypersensitivity to estradiol: potential mechanism for secondary hormonal responses in breast cancer patients. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 Dec;79(1-5):115-25. Review. PubMed PMID: 11850215.

1119: Tsai MS, Bogart DF, Li P, Mehmi I, Lupu R. Expression and regulation of Cyr61 in human breast cancer cell lines. Oncogene. 2002 Jan 31;21(6):964-73. PubMed PMID: 11840342.

1120: Viereck V, Gründker C, Blaschke S, Siggelkow H, Emons G, Hofbauer LC. Phytoestrogen genistein stimulates the production of osteoprotegerin by human trabecular osteoblasts. J Cell Biochem. 2002;84(4):725-35. PubMed PMID: 11835398.

1121: Cheung KL, Robertson JF. Fulvestrant. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2002 Feb;11(2):303-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 11829719.

1122: Wellejus A, Loft S. Receptor-mediated ethinylestradiol-induced oxidative DNA damage in rat testicular cells. FASEB J. 2002 Feb;16(2):195-201. PubMed PMID: 11818367.

1123: Heaney AP, Fernando M, Melmed S. Functional role of estrogen in pituitary tumor pathogenesis. J Clin Invest. 2002 Jan;109(2):277-83. PubMed PMID: 11805140; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC150842.

1124: Zhu Y, Bian Z, Lu P, Karas RH, Bao L, Cox D, Hodgin J, Shaul PW, Thoren P, Smithies O, Gustafsson JA, Mendelsohn ME. Abnormal vascular function and hypertension in mice deficient in estrogen receptor beta. Science. 2002 Jan 18;295(5554):505-8. PubMed PMID: 11799247.

1125: Filardo EJ, Quinn JA, Frackelton AR Jr, Bland KI. Estrogen action via the G protein-coupled receptor, GPR30: stimulation of adenylyl cyclase and cAMP-mediated attenuation of the epidermal growth factor receptor-to-MAPK signaling axis. Mol Endocrinol. 2002 Jan;16(1):70-84. PubMed PMID: 11773440.

1126: Boccardo F. Endometrial effects of pure antiestrogens. Tumori. 2001 Sep-Oct;87(5):S19-20. PubMed PMID: 11765200.

1127: Rider V, Jones S, Evans M, Bassiri H, Afsar Z, Abdou NI. Estrogen increases CD40 ligand expression in T cells from women with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2001 Dec;28(12):2644-9. PubMed PMID: 11764210.

1128: Klotz DM, Hewitt SC, Ciana P, Raviscioni M, Lindzey JK, Foley J, Maggi A, DiAugustine RP, Korach KS. Requirement of estrogen receptor-alpha in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)-induced uterine responses and in vivo evidence for IGF-1/estrogen receptor cross-talk. J Biol Chem. 2002 Mar 8;277(10):8531-7. Epub 2001 Dec 21. PubMed PMID: 11751931.

1129: Arao Y, Kikuchi A, Ikeda K, Nomoto S, Horiguchi H, Kayama F. A+U-rich-element RNA-binding factor 1/heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D gene expression is regulated by oestrogen in the rat uterus. Biochem J. 2002 Jan 1;361(Pt 1):125-32. PubMed PMID: 11742537; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1222287.

1130: Skildum AJ, Mukherjee S, Conrad SE. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/Cip1 is an antiestrogen-regulated inhibitor of Cdk4 in human breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem. 2002 Feb 15;277(7):5145-52. Epub 2001 Dec 7. PubMed PMID: 11741909.

1131: Liang M, Ekblad E, Gustafsson JA, Nilsson BO. Stimulation of vascular protein synthesis by activation of oestrogen receptor beta. J Endocrinol. 2001 Dec;171(3):417-23. PubMed PMID: 11739007.

1132: Burow ME, Weldon CB, Tang Y, McLachlan JA, Beckman BS. Oestrogen-mediated suppression of tumour necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells: subversion of Bcl-2 by anti-oestrogens. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 Nov;78(5):409-18. PubMed PMID: 11738551.

1133: Soulez M, Parker MG. Identification of novel oestrogen receptor target genes in human ZR75-1 breast cancer cells by expression profiling. J Mol Endocrinol. 2001 Dec;27(3):259-74. PubMed PMID: 11719280.

1134: Harada H, Pavlick KP, Hines IN, Hoffman JM, Bharwani S, Gray L, Wolf RE, Grisham MB. Selected contribution: Effects of gender on reduced-size liver ischemia and reperfusion injury. J Appl Physiol. 2001 Dec;91(6):2816-22. PubMed PMID: 11717250.

1135: Beyer ME, Yu G, Hanke H, Hoffmeister HM. Acute gender-specific hemodynamic and inotropic effects of 17beta-estradiol on rats. Hypertension. 2001 Nov;38(5):1003-10. PubMed PMID: 11711489.

1136: Zhou Q, Clarke L, Nie R, Carnes K, Lai LW, Lien YH, Verkman A, Lubahn D, Fisher JS, Katzenellenbogen BS, Hess RA. Estrogen action and male fertility: roles of the sodium/hydrogen exchanger-3 and fluid reabsorption in reproductive tract function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Nov 20;98(24):14132-7. Epub 2001 Nov 6. PubMed PMID: 11698654; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC61180.

1137: Saville B, Poukka H, Wormke M, Janne OA, Palvimo JJ, Stoner M, Samudio I, Safe S. Cooperative coactivation of estrogen receptor alpha in ZR-75 human breast cancer cells by SNURF and TATA-binding protein. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jan 25;277(4):2485-97. Epub 2001 Nov 5. PubMed PMID: 11696545.

1138: Lim KB, Ng CY, Ong CK, Ong CS, Tran E, Nguyen TT, Chan GM, Huynh H. Induction of apoptosis in mammary gland by a pure anti-estrogen ICI 182780. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2001 Jul;68(2):127-38. PubMed PMID: 11688516.

1139: Dhaher YY, Greenstein BD, Khamashta MA, Hughes GR. Effects of oestradiol and the oestrogen antagonist Ici 182,780 on the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) index and on serum levels of IgM and IgG in ovariectomised Balb/C and MRL/Mp-Lpr/Lpr mice, a model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autoimmunity. 2001;33(4):237-43. PubMed PMID: 11683398.

1140: Ma W, Tan J, Matsumoto H, Robert B, Abrahamson DR, Das SK, Dey SK. Adult tissue angiogenesis: evidence for negative regulation by estrogen in the uterus. Mol Endocrinol. 2001 Nov;15(11):1983-92. PubMed PMID: 11682628.

1141: Kurebayashi J, Otsuki T, Moriya T, Sonoo H. Hypoxia reduces hormone responsiveness of human breast cancer cells. Jpn J Cancer Res. 2001 Oct;92(10):1093-101. PubMed PMID: 11676860.

1142: Lee KH, Finnigan-Bunick C, Bahr J, Bunick D. Estrogen regulation of ion transporter messenger RNA levels in mouse efferent ductules are mediated differentially through estrogen receptor (ER) alpha and ER beta. Biol Reprod. 2001 Nov;65(5):1534-41. PubMed PMID: 11673272.

1143: Saleh TM, Cribb AE, Connell BJ. Estrogen-induced recovery of autonomic function after middle cerebral artery occlusion in male rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2001 Nov;281(5):R1531-9. PubMed PMID: 11641125.

1144: Waters KM, Rickard DJ, Riggs BL, Khosla S, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS, Moore J, Spelsberg TC. Estrogen regulation of human osteoblast function is determined by the stage of differentiation and the estrogen receptor isoform. J Cell Biochem. 2001 Aug 21-Sep 5;83(3):448-62. PubMed PMID: 11596113.

1145: Hisamoto K, Ohmichi M, Kanda Y, Adachi K, Nishio Y, Hayakawa J, Mabuchi S, Takahashi K, Tasaka K, Miyamoto Y, Taniguchi N, Murata Y. Induction of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase phosphorylation by the raloxifene analog LY117018 is differentially mediated by Akt and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase in vascular endothelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2001 Dec 14;276(50):47642-9. Epub 2001 Oct 10. PubMed PMID: 11595733.

1146: Greenberger LM, Annable T, Collins KI, Komm BS, Lyttle CR, Miller CP, Satyaswaroop PG, Zhang Y, Frost P. A new antiestrogen, 2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-methyl-1-[4-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-benzyl]-1H-indol-5-o l hydrochloride (ERA-923), inhibits the growth of tamoxifen-sensitive and -resistant tumors and is devoid of uterotropic effects in mice and rats. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Oct;7(10):3166-77. PubMed PMID: 11595711.

1147: Chisamore MJ, Ahmed Y, Bentrem DJ, Jordan VC, Tonetti DA. Novel antitumor effect of estradiol in athymic mice injected with a T47D breast cancer cell line overexpressing protein kinase Calpha. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Oct;7(10):3156-65. PubMed PMID: 11595710.

1148: Jansson L, Holmdahl R. Enhancement of collagen-induced arthritis in female mice by estrogen receptor blockage. Arthritis Rheum. 2001 Sep;44(9):2168-75. PubMed PMID: 11592382.

1149: Ivanova T, Küppers E, Engele J, Beyer C. Estrogen stimulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in embryonic mouse midbrain neurons through a membrane-mediated and calcium-dependent mechanism. J Neurosci Res. 2001 Oct 15;66(2):221-30. PubMed PMID: 11592117.

1150: Sumi D, Hayashi T, Jayachandran M, Iguchi A. Estrogen prevents destabilization of endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha through estrogen receptor mediated system. Life Sci. 2001 Aug 24;69(14):1651-60. PubMed PMID: 11589505.

1151: Yang X, Phillips DL, Ferguson AT, Nelson WG, Herman JG, Davidson NE. Synergistic activation of functional estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha by DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibition in human ER-alpha-negative breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2001 Oct 1;61(19):7025-9. PubMed PMID: 11585728.

1152: Vasudevan N, Kow LM, Pfaff DW. Early membrane estrogenic effects required for full expression of slower genomic actions in a nerve cell line. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Oct 9;98(21):12267-71. Epub 2001 Sep 25. PubMed PMID: 11572951; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC59803.

1153: Huynh H, Alpert L, Alaoui-Jamali MA, Ng CY, Chan TW. Co-administration of finasteride and the pure anti-oestrogen ICI 182,780 act synergistically in modulating the IGF system in rat prostate. J Endocrinol. 2001 Oct;171(1):109-18. PubMed PMID: 11572795.

1154: Papaconstantinou AD, Fisher BR, Umbreit TH, Goering PL, Lappas NT, Brown KM. Effects of beta-estradiol and bisphenol A on heat shock protein levels and localization in the mouse uterus are antagonized by the antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Toxicol Sci. 2001 Oct;63(2):173-80. PubMed PMID: 11568360.

1155: Robertson JF, Nicholson RI, Bundred NJ, Anderson E, Rayter Z, Dowsett M, Fox JN, Gee JM, Webster A, Wakeling AE, Morris C, Dixon M. Comparison of the short-term biological effects of 7alpha-[9-(4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentylsulfinyl)-nonyl]estra-1,3,5, (10)-triene-3,17beta-diol (Faslodex) versus tamoxifen in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2001 Sep 15;61(18):6739-46. PubMed PMID: 11559545.

1156: Santillán R, Pérez-Palacios G, Reyes M, Damián-Matsumura P, García GA, Grillasca I, Lemus AE. Assessment of the oestrogenic activity of the contraceptive progestin levonorgestrel and its non-phenolic metabolites. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 Sep 14;427(2):167-74. PubMed PMID: 11557270.

1157: Stavréus-Evers A, Parini P, Freyschuss B, Elger W, Reddersen G, Sahlin L, Eriksson H. Estrogenic influence on the regulation of hepatic estrogen receptor-alpha and serum level of angiotensinogen in female rats. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 Jul;78(1):83-8. PubMed PMID: 11530288.

1158: Yoon K, Pallaroni L, Stoner M, Gaido K, Safe S. Differential activation of wild-type and variant forms of estrogen receptor alpha by synthetic and natural estrogenic compounds using a promoter containing three estrogen-responsive elements. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 Jul;78(1):25-32. PubMed PMID: 11530281.

1159: Zhou Y, Shimizu I, Lu G, Itonaga M, Okamura Y, Shono M, Honda H, Inoue S, Muramatsu M, Ito S. Hepatic stellate cells contain the functional estrogen receptor beta but not the estrogen receptor alpha in male and female rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Sep 7;286(5):1059-65. PubMed PMID: 11527408.

1160: Oliveira CA, Carnes K, França LR, Hess RA. Infertility and testicular atrophy in the antiestrogen-treated adult male rat. Biol Reprod. 2001 Sep;65(3):913-20. PubMed PMID: 11514358.

1161: Jayachandran M, Hayashi T, Sumi D, Iguchi A, Miller VM. Temporal effects of 17beta-estradiol on caveolin-1 mRNA and protein in bovine aortic endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2001 Sep;281(3):H1327-33. Erratum in: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001 Nov;281(5):section H following table of contents. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001 Dec;281(6):section H following table of contents. PubMed PMID: 11514304.

1162: Zhai P, Eurell TE, Cotthaus RP, Jeffery EH, Bahr JM, Gross DR. Effects of dietary phytoestrogen on global myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolated female rat hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2001 Sep;281(3):H1223-32. PubMed PMID: 11514291.

1163: Parker TA, Afshar S, Kinsella JP, Grover TR, Gebb S, Geraci M, Shaul PW, Cryer CM, Abman SH. Effects of chronic estrogen-receptor blockade on ovine perinatal pulmonary circulation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2001 Sep;281(3):H1005-14. PubMed PMID: 11514265.

1164: Saleh TM, Saleh MC. Inhibitory effect of 17beta-estradiol in the parabrachial nucleus is mediated by GABA. Brain Res. 2001 Aug 24;911(2):116-24. PubMed PMID: 11511378.

1165: Diel P, Olff S, Schmidt S, Michna H. Molecular identification of potential selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) like properties of phytoestrogens in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Planta Med. 2001 Aug;67(6):510-4. PubMed PMID: 11509969.

1166: Chan TW, Pollak M, Huynh H. Inhibition of insulin-like growth factor signaling pathways in mammary gland by pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Aug;7(8):2545-54. PubMed PMID: 11489838.

1167: Turi A, Kiss AL, Müllner N. Estrogen downregulates the number of caveolae and the level of caveolin in uterine smooth muscle. Cell Biol Int. 2001;25(8):785-94. PubMed PMID: 11482902.

1168: Tominaga T. [Developments of hormonal agents for breast cancer]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2001 Jul;28(7):892-901. Review. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 11478137.

1169: Oh AS, Lorant LA, Holloway JN, Miller DL, Kern FG, El-Ashry D. Hyperactivation of MAPK induces loss of ERalpha expression in breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol. 2001 Aug;15(8):1344-59. PubMed PMID: 11463858.

1170: Robertson JA, Zhang Y, Ing NH. ICI 182,780 acts as a partial agonist and antagonist of estradiol effects in specific cells of the sheep uterus. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 Jun;77(4-5):281-7. PubMed PMID: 11457666.

1171: Manni A, Fischer S, Franks M, Washington S, De Arment R, Griffith J, Demers L, Verderame M, Leiby B, Mauger D. S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase overexpression reduces invasiveness and tumorigenicity in nude mice of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol. 2001 Aug;19(2):317-23. PubMed PMID: 11445845.

1172: Chan TW, Mark G, Huynh H. Induction of mammary epithelial cell differentiation and inhibition of dimethylbenz(A)anthracene-induced mammary tumour by co-administration of a pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 and testosterone enanthate. Int J Oncol. 2001 Aug;19(2):263-9. PubMed PMID: 11445837.

1173: Hosoda T, Nakajima H, Honjo H. Estrogen protects neuronal cells from amyloid beta-induced apoptotic cell death. Neuroreport. 2001 Jul 3;12(9):1965-70. PubMed PMID: 11435931.

1174: Ivarsson K, Sundfeldt K, Brännström M, Janson PO. Production of steroids by human ovarian surface epithelial cells in culture: possible role of progesterone as growth inhibitor. Gynecol Oncol. 2001 Jul;82(1):116-21. PubMed PMID: 11426972.

1175: Huynh H, Ng CY, Lim KB, Ong CK, Ong CS, Tran E, Tuyen Nguyen TT, Chan TW. Induction of UO-44 gene expression by tamoxifen in the rat uterus and ovary. Endocrinology. 2001 Jul;142(7):2985-95. PubMed PMID: 11416020.

1176: McClelland RA, Barrow D, Madden TA, Dutkowski CM, Pamment J, Knowlden JM, Gee JM, Nicholson RI. Enhanced epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in MCF7 breast cancer cells after long-term culture in the presence of the pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 (Faslodex). Endocrinology. 2001 Jul;142(7):2776-88. PubMed PMID: 11415996.

1177: Curran M, Wiseman L. Fulvestrant. Drugs. 2001;61(6):807-13; discussion 814. Review. PubMed PMID: 11398912.

1178: Pascoe D, Oursler MJ. The Src signaling pathway regulates osteoclast lysosomal enzyme secretion and is rapidly modulated by estrogen. J Bone Miner Res. 2001 Jun;16(6):1028-36. PubMed PMID: 11393779.

1179: Nuttall ME, Pendrak I, Emery JG, Nadeau DP, Fisher PW, Nicholson TA, Zhu Y, Suva LJ, Kingsbury WD, Gowen M. Antagonism of oestrogen action in human breast and endometrial cells in vitro: potential novel antitumour agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2001 May;47(5):437-43. PubMed PMID: 11391860.

1180: Kanai H, Barrett JC, Metzler M, Tsutsui T. Cell-transforming activity and estrogenicity of bisphenol-A and 4 of its analogs in mammalian cells. Int J Cancer. 2001 Jul 1;93(1):20-5. PubMed PMID: 11391616.

1181: Prifti S, Mall P, Strowitzki T, Rabe T. Synthetic estrogens-mediated activation of JNK intracellular signaling molecule. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2001 Apr;15(2):135-41. PubMed PMID: 11379010.

1182: Bjorling DE, Wang ZY. Estrogen and neuroinflammation. Urology. 2001 Jun;57(6 Suppl 1):40-6. PubMed PMID: 11378049.

1183: Alban P, Hurd C, Dinda S, Khattree N, Moudgil VK. Differential regulation of retinoblastoma protein by hormonal and antihormonal agents in T47D breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 May;77(2-3):135-41. PubMed PMID: 11377979.

1184: Kumar P, Mark PJ, Ward BK, Minchin RF, Ratajczak T. Estradiol-regulated expression of the immunophilins cyclophilin 40 and FKBP52 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Jun 1;284(1):219-25. PubMed PMID: 11374893.

1185: O'Neil JS, Burow ME, Green AE, McLachlan JA, Henson MC. Effects of estrogen on leptin gene promoter activation in MCF-7 breast cancer and JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells: selective regulation via estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2001 May 15;176(1-2):67-75. PubMed PMID: 11369444.

1186: Karamsetty MR, Klinger JR, Hill NS. Phytoestrogens restore nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in isolated pulmonary arteries from chronically hypoxic rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jun;297(3):968-74. PubMed PMID: 11356918.

1187: Sampath D, Winneker RC, Zhang Z. Cyr61, a member of the CCN family, is required for MCF-7 cell proliferation: regulation by 17beta-estradiol and overexpression in human breast cancer. Endocrinology. 2001 Jun;142(6):2540-8. PubMed PMID: 11356703.

1188: Li Q, Zhang M, Kumar S, Zhu LJ, Chen D, Bagchi MK, Bagchi IC. Identification and implantation stage-specific expression of an interferon-alpha-regulated gene in human and rat endometrium. Endocrinology. 2001 Jun;142(6):2390-400. PubMed PMID: 11356686.

1189: Wade CB, Robinson S, Shapiro RA, Dorsa DM. Estrogen receptor (ER)alpha and ERbeta exhibit unique pharmacologic properties when coupled to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Endocrinology. 2001 Jun;142(6):2336-42. PubMed PMID: 11356680.

1190: Gunther DF, Underwood LE, Calikoglu AS. Androgen-accelerated bone maturation in mice is not attenuated by Faslodex, an estrogen receptor blocker. Bone. 2001 Apr;28(4):410-3. PubMed PMID: 11336922.

1191: Havrilesky LJ, McMahon CP, Lobenhofer EK, Whitaker R, Marks JR, Berchuck A. Relationship between expression of coactivators and corepressors of hormone receptors and resistance of ovarian cancers to growth regulation by steroid hormones. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 2001 Mar-Apr;8(2):104-13. PubMed PMID: 11336882.

1192: de Jager T, Pelzer T, Müller-Botz S, Imam A, Muck J, Neyses L. Mechanisms of estrogen receptor action in the myocardium. Rapid gene activation via the ERK1/2 pathway and serum response elements. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jul 27;276(30):27873-80. Epub 2001 May 2. PubMed PMID: 11335712.

1193: Salom JB, Burguete MC, Pérez-Asensio FJ, Torregrosa G, Alborch E. Relaxant effects of 17-beta-estradiol in cerebral arteries through Ca(2+) entry inhibition. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2001 Apr;21(4):422-9. PubMed PMID: 11323528.

1194: Whitney AC, Clark AS. Effects of acute stanozolol treatment on puberty in female rats. Biol Reprod. 2001 May;64(5):1460-5. PubMed PMID: 11319152.

1195: Newton CJ, Bilko D, Pappa S, Atkin SL. Dexamethasone blocks antioestrogen- and oxidant-induced death of pituitary tumour cells. J Endocrinol. 2001 May;169(2):249-61. PubMed PMID: 11312142.

1196: Mize AL, Poisner AM, Alper RH. Estrogens act in rat hippocampus and frontal cortex to produce rapid, receptor-mediated decreases in serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptor function. Neuroendocrinology. 2001 Mar;73(3):166-74. PubMed PMID: 11307035.

1197: Chiarenza A, Lazarovici P, Lempereur L, Cantarella G, Bianchi A, Bernardini R. Tamoxifen inhibits nerve growth factor-induced proliferation of the human breast cancerous cell line MCF-7. Cancer Res. 2001 Apr 1;61(7):3002-8. PubMed PMID: 11306479.

1198: Xie D, Miller CW, O'Kelly J, Nakachi K, Sakashita A, Said JW, Gornbein J, Koeffler HP. Breast cancer. Cyr61 is overexpressed, estrogen-inducible, and associated with more advanced disease. J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 27;276(17):14187-94. Epub 2001 Jan 31. PubMed PMID: 11297518.

1199: Jakacka M, Ito M, Weiss J, Chien PY, Gehm BD, Jameson JL. Estrogen receptor binding to DNA is not required for its activity through the nonclassical AP1 pathway. J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 27;276(17):13615-21. Epub 2001 Jan 18. PubMed PMID: 11278408.

1200: Kim H, Bang OY, Jung MW, Ha SD, Hong HS, Huh K, Kim SU, Mook-Jung I. Neuroprotective effects of estrogen against beta-amyloid toxicity are mediated by estrogen receptors in cultured neuronal cells. Neurosci Lett. 2001 Apr 13;302(1):58-62. PubMed PMID: 11278111.

1201: Mokbel K. The Twenty-third Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium. Curr Med Res Opin. 2001;16(4):276-84. PubMed PMID: 11268712.

1202: Vegeto E, Bonincontro C, Pollio G, Sala A, Viappiani S, Nardi F, Brusadelli A, Viviani B, Ciana P, Maggi A. Estrogen prevents the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in microglia. J Neurosci. 2001 Mar 15;21(6):1809-18. PubMed PMID: 11245665.

1203: Gardener HE, Clark AS. Systemic ICI 182,780 alters the display of sexual behaviors in the female rat. Horm Behav. 2001 Mar;39(2):121-30. PubMed PMID: 11243740.

1204: Altavilla D, Saitta A, Galeano M, Squadrito G, Marino D, Minutoli L, Calapai G, Deodato B, D'Anna R, Corrado F, Caputi AP, Squadrito F. The phytoestrogen alpha-zearalenol reverses endothelial dysfunction induced by oophorectomy in rats. Lab Invest. 2001 Feb;81(2):125-32. PubMed PMID: 11232633.

1205: Xiao S, Gillespie DG, Baylis C, Jackson EK, Dubey RK. Effects of estradiol and its metabolites on glomerular endothelial nitric oxide synthesis and mesangial cell growth. Hypertension. 2001 Feb;37(2 Part 2):645-50. PubMed PMID: 11230350.

1206: Dubey RK, Jackson EK, Keller PJ, Imthurn B, Rosselli M. Estradiol metabolites inhibit endothelin synthesis by an estrogen receptor-independent mechanism. Hypertension. 2001 Feb;37(2 Part 2):640-4. PubMed PMID: 11230349.

1207: Raafat AM, Hofseth LJ, Haslam SZ. Proliferative effects of combination estrogen and progesterone replacement therapy on the normal postmenopausal mammary gland in a murine model. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Feb;184(3):340-9. PubMed PMID: 11228484.

1208: Legro RS, Kunselman AR, Miller SA, Satyaswaroop PG. Role of androgens in the growth of endometrial carcinoma: an in vivo animal model. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Feb;184(3):303-8. PubMed PMID: 11228478.

1209: Chen Q, Kaji H, Sugimoto T, Chihara K. Testosterone inhibits osteoclast formation stimulated by parathyroid hormone through androgen receptor. FEBS Lett. 2001 Feb 23;491(1-2):91-3. PubMed PMID: 11226426.

1210: Schmitt M, Klinga K, Schnarr B, Morfin R, Mayer D. Dehydroepiandrosterone stimulates proliferation and gene expression in MCF-7 cells after conversion to estradiol. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2001 Feb 28;173(1-2):1-13. PubMed PMID: 11223173.

1211: Griffin M, Lee HW, Zhao L, Eghbali-Webb M. Gender-related differences in proliferative response of cardiac fibroblasts to hypoxia: effects of estrogen. Mol Cell Biochem. 2000 Dec;215(1-2):21-30. PubMed PMID: 11204452.

1212: Krumenacker JS, Hyder SM, Murad F. Estradiol rapidly inhibits soluble guanylyl cyclase expression in rat uterus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Jan 16;98(2):717-22. PubMed PMID: 11209068; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC14654.

1213: Barbarisi A, Petillo O, Di Lieto A, Melone MA, Margarucci S, Cannas M, Peluso G. 17-beta estradiol elicits an autocrine leiomyoma cell proliferation: evidence for a stimulation of protein kinase-dependent pathway. J Cell Physiol. 2001 Mar;186(3):414-24. PubMed PMID: 11169981.

1214: Lovely LP, Appa Rao KB, Gui Y, Lessey BA. Characterization of androgen receptors in a well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line (Ishikawa). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2000 Nov 15;74(4):235-41. PubMed PMID: 11162929.

1215: Kim J, Petz LN, Ziegler YS, Wood JR, Potthoff SJ, Nardulli AM. Regulation of the estrogen-responsive pS2 gene in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2000 Nov 15;74(4):157-68. PubMed PMID: 11162921.

1216: Angus WG, Campaigne Larsen M, Jefcoate CR. TCDD elevates erbB2 expression and signaling in T47D cells by reversing serum potentiation of estrogen receptor activity, independent of estrogen levels and enhanced ER down-regulation. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2000 Dec 22;170(1-2):1-13. PubMed PMID: 11162886.

1217: Gorodeski GI, Pal D. Involvement of estrogen receptors alpha and beta in the regulation of cervical permeability. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2000 Apr;278(4):C689-96. PubMed PMID: 10751318.

1218: Maertens C, Droogmans G, Chakraborty P, Nilius B. Inhibition of volume-regulated anion channels in cultured endothelial cells by the anti-oestrogens clomiphene and nafoxidine. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 Jan;132(1):135-42. PubMed PMID: 11156570; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1572544.

1219: Lee ES, Schafer JM, Yao K, England G, O'Regan RM, De Los Reyes A, Jordan VC. Cross-resistance of triphenylethylene-type antiestrogens but not ICI 182,780 in tamoxifen-stimulated breast tumors grown in athymic mice. Clin Cancer Res. 2000 Dec;6(12):4893-9. PubMed PMID: 11156249.

1220: Boudoulas KD, Cooke GE, Roos CM, Bray PF, Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ. The PlA polymorphism of glycoprotein IIIa functions as a modifier for the effect of estrogen on platelet aggregation. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001 Jan;125(1):112-5. PubMed PMID: 11151063.

1221: Stenoien DL, Patel K, Mancini MG, Dutertre M, Smith CL, O'Malley BW, Mancini MA. FRAP reveals that mobility of oestrogen receptor-alpha is ligand- and proteasome-dependent. Nat Cell Biol. 2001 Jan;3(1):15-23. PubMed PMID: 11146621.

1222: Kurita T, Lee K, Saunders PT, Cooke PS, Taylor JA, Lubahn DB, Zhao C, Mäkelä S, Gustafsson JA, Dahiya R, Cunha GR. Regulation of progesterone receptors and decidualization in uterine stroma of the estrogen receptor-alpha knockout mouse. Biol Reprod. 2001 Jan;64(1):272-83. PubMed PMID: 11133684.

1223: Schaufele F, Chang CY, Liu W, Baxter JD, Nordeen SK, Wan Y, Day RN, McDonnell DP. Temporally distinct and ligand-specific recruitment of nuclear receptor-interacting peptides and cofactors to subnuclear domains containing the estrogen receptor. Mol Endocrinol. 2000 Dec;14(12):2024-39. PubMed PMID: 11117532.

1224: Alvaro D, Alpini G, Onori P, Perego L, Svegliata Baroni G, Franchitto A, Baiocchi L, Glaser SS, Le Sage G, Folli F, Gaudio E. Estrogens stimulate proliferation of intrahepatic biliary epithelium in rats. Gastroenterology. 2000 Dec;119(6):1681-91. PubMed PMID: 11113090.

1225: Smolnikar K, Löffek S, Schulz T, Michna H, Diel P. Treatment with the pure antiestrogen faslodex (ICI 182780) induces tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2000 Oct;63(3):249-59. PubMed PMID: 11110059.

1226: Tanaka Y, Kuwabara K, Okazaki T, Fujita T, Oizumi I, Kaiho S, Ogata E. Gonadotropins stimulate growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by promoting intracellular conversion of adrenal androgens to estrogens. Oncology. 2000;59 Suppl 1:19-23. PubMed PMID: 11096352.

1227: Terakawa N. Approaches targeted to estrogen receptors for treatment of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer: a brief overview. Oncology. 2000;59 Suppl 1:3-4. Review. PubMed PMID: 11096349.

1228: Nakamizo T, Urushitani M, Inoue R, Shinohara A, Sawada H, Honda K, Kihara T, Akaike A, Shimohama S. Protection of cultured spinal motor neurons by estradiol. Neuroreport. 2000 Nov 9;11(16):3493-7. PubMed PMID: 11095506.

1229: Brockdorff BL, Skouv J, Reiter BE, Lykkesfeldt AE. Increased expression of cytochrome p450 1A1 and 1B1 genes in anti-estrogen-resistant human breast cancer cell lines. Int J Cancer. 2000 Dec 15;88(6):902-6. PubMed PMID: 11093812.

1230: Damien E, Price JS, Lanyon LE. Mechanical strain stimulates osteoblast proliferation through the estrogen receptor in males as well as females. J Bone Miner Res. 2000 Nov;15(11):2169-77. PubMed PMID: 11092397.

1231: Shapiro RA, Xu C, Dorsa DM. Differential transcriptional regulation of rat vasopressin gene expression by estrogen receptor alpha and beta. Endocrinology. 2000 Nov;141(11):4056-64. PubMed PMID: 11089536.

1232: Kong LY, Szaniszlo P, Albrecht T, Liehr JG. Frequency and molecular analysis of hprt mutations induced by estradiol in Chinese hamster V79 cells. Int J Oncol. 2000 Dec;17(6):1141-9. PubMed PMID: 11078799.

1233: Jeng MH, Yue W, Eischeid A, Wang JP, Santen RJ. Role of MAP kinase in the enhanced cell proliferation of long term estrogen deprived human breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2000 Aug;62(3):167-75. PubMed PMID: 11072781.

1234: Dubey RK, Gillespie DG, Zacharia LC, Rosselli M, Korzekwa KR, Fingerle J, Jackson EK. Methoxyestradiols mediate the antimitogenic effects of estradiol on vascular smooth muscle cells via estrogen receptor-independent mechanisms. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Nov 11;278(1):27-33. PubMed PMID: 11071850.

1235: Sylvia VL, Boyan BD, Dean DD, Schwartz Z. The membrane effects of 17beta-estradiol on chondrocyte phenotypic expression are mediated by activation of protein kinase C through phospholipase C and G-proteins. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2000 Jul-Aug;73(5):211-24. PubMed PMID: 11070350.

1236: Meda C, Vegeto E, Pollio G, Ciana P, Patrone C, Pellicciari C, Maggi A. Oestrogen prevention of neural cell death correlates with decreased expression of mRNA for the pro-apoptotic protein nip-2. J Neuroendocrinol. 2000 Nov;12(11):1051-9. PubMed PMID: 11069120.

1237: Howell A. Faslodex (ICI 182780). an oestrogen receptor downregulator. Eur J Cancer. 2000 Sep;36 Suppl 4:S87-8. PubMed PMID: 11056334.

1238: Madden TA, Barrow D, McClelland RA, Gee JM, Nicholson RI. Modulation of oestrogen action by receptor gene inhibition. Eur J Cancer. 2000 Sep;36 Suppl 4:S34-5. PubMed PMID: 11056309.

1239: Figtree GA, Webb CM, Collins P. Tamoxifen acutely relaxes coronary arteries by an endothelium-, nitric oxide-, and estrogen receptor-dependent mechanism. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Nov;295(2):519-23. PubMed PMID: 11046084.

1240: Filardo EJ, Quinn JA, Bland KI, Frackelton AR Jr. Estrogen-induced activation of Erk-1 and Erk-2 requires the G protein-coupled receptor homolog, GPR30, and occurs via trans-activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor through release of HB-EGF. Mol Endocrinol. 2000 Oct;14(10):1649-60. PubMed PMID: 11043579.

1241: Zabaglo L, Ormerod MG, Dowsett M. Measurement of markers for breast cancer in a model system using laser scanning cytometry. Cytometry. 2000 Nov 1;41(3):166-71. PubMed PMID: 11042612.

1242: Lee PC, Ho P, Jelinek BH, Struve M. Modulation of rat epididymal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase by nonylphenols. Xenobiotica. 2000 Aug;30(8):771-9. PubMed PMID: 11037110.

1243: Hyder SM, Huang JC, Nawaz Z, Boettger-Tong H, Mäkelä S, Chiappetta C, Stancel GM. Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression by estrogens and progestins. Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Oct;108 Suppl 5:785-90. Review. PubMed PMID: 11035983.

1244: Varma H, Conrad SE. Reversal of an antiestrogen-mediated cell cycle arrest of MCF-7 cells by viral tumor antigens requires the retinoblastoma protein-binding domain. Oncogene. 2000 Sep 28;19(41):4746-53. PubMed PMID: 11032025.

1245: Nuttall ME, Stroup GB, Fisher PW, Nadeau DP, Gowen M, Suva LJ. Distinct mechanisms of action of selective estrogen receptor modulators in breast and osteoblastic cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2000 Nov;279(5):C1550-7. PubMed PMID: 11029302.

1246: Kauffman RF, Bean JS, Fahey KJ, Cullinan GJ, Cox DA, Bensch WR. Raloxifene and estrogen inhibit neointimal thickening after balloon injury in the carotid artery of male and ovariectomized female rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2000 Oct;36(4):459-65. PubMed PMID: 11026646.

1247: Nomura Y. [Pure antiestrogen for treatment of advanced breast cancers]. Nippon Rinsho. 2000 Apr;58 Suppl:334-9. Review. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 11026015.

1248: MacGregor Schafer J, Liu H, Bentrem DJ, Zapf JW, Jordan VC. Allosteric silencing of activating function 1 in the 4-hydroxytamoxifen estrogen receptor complex is induced by substituting glycine for aspartate at amino acid 351. Cancer Res. 2000 Sep 15;60(18):5097-105. PubMed PMID: 11016635.

1249: Bruce-Keller AJ, Keeling JL, Keller JN, Huang FF, Camondola S, Mattson MP. Antiinflammatory effects of estrogen on microglial activation. Endocrinology. 2000 Oct;141(10):3646-56. PubMed PMID: 11014219.

1250: Rajah TT, Pento JT. Influence of antiestrogens on the invasiveness and laminin attachment of breast cancer cells. Cancer Invest. 1999;17(1):10-8. PubMed PMID: 10999044.

1251: Carroll JS, Prall OW, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL. A pure estrogen antagonist inhibits cyclin E-Cdk2 activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and induces accumulation of p130-E2F4 complexes characteristic of quiescence. J Biol Chem. 2000 Dec 8;275(49):38221-9. PubMed PMID: 10991938.

1252: Kuroki Y, Fukushima K, Kanda Y, Mizuno K, Watanabe Y. Putative membrane-bound estrogen receptors possibly stimulate mitogen-activated protein kinase in the rat hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Jul 21;400(2-3):205-9. PubMed PMID: 10988335.

1253: Li R, Shen Y, Yang LB, Lue LF, Finch C, Rogers J. Estrogen enhances uptake of amyloid beta-protein by microglia derived from the human cortex. J Neurochem. 2000 Oct;75(4):1447-54. PubMed PMID: 10987824.

1254: Li Z, Hay M. 17-beta-estradiol modulation of area postrema potassium currents. J Neurophysiol. 2000 Sep;84(3):1385-91. PubMed PMID: 10980011.

1255: Chen X, Danes C, Lowe M, Herliczek TW, Keyomarsi K. Activation of the estrogen-signaling pathway by p21(WAF1/CIP1) in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Sep 6;92(17):1403-13. PubMed PMID: 10974076.

1256: Howell A, Osborne CK, Morris C, Wakeling AE. ICI 182,780 (Faslodex): development of a novel, "pure" antiestrogen. Cancer. 2000 Aug 15;89(4):817-25. Erratum in: Cancer 2001 Jan 15;91(2):455. PubMed PMID: 10951345.

1257: Simoncini T, Genazzani AR. Raloxifene acutely stimulates nitric oxide release from human endothelial cells via an activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Aug;85(8):2966-9. PubMed PMID: 10946913.

1258: Gandhi A, Holland PA, Knox WF, Potten CS, Bundred NJ. Effects of a pure antiestrogen on apoptosis and proliferation within human breast ductal carcinoma in situ. Cancer Res. 2000 Aug 1;60(15):4284-8. PubMed PMID: 10945643.

1259: Inadera H, Hashimoto S, Dong HY, Suzuki T, Nagai S, Yamashita T, Toyoda N, Matsushima K. WISP-2 as a novel estrogen-responsive gene in human breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Aug 18;275(1):108-14. PubMed PMID: 10944450.

1260: Yang S, Bae L, Zhang L. Estrogen increases eNOS and NOx release in human coronary artery endothelium. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2000 Aug;36(2):242-7. PubMed PMID: 10942167.

1261: Cicatiello L, Addeo R, Altucci L, Belsito Petrizzi V, Boccia V, Cancemi M, Germano D, Pacilio C, Salzano S, Bresciani F, Weisz A. The antiestrogen ICI 182,780 inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells by interfering with multiple, sequential estrogen-regulated processes required for cell cycle completion. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2000 Jul 25;165(1-2):199-209. PubMed PMID: 10940498.

1262: Garcia E, Lacasa D, Giudicelli Y. Estradiol stimulation of c-fos and c-jun expressions and activator protein-1 deoxyribonucleic acid binding activity in rat white adipocyte. Endocrinology. 2000 Aug;141(8):2837-46. PubMed PMID: 10919270.

1263: Jarrar D, Wang P, Knöferl MW, Kuebler JF, Cioffi WG, Bland KI, Chaudry IH. Insight into the mechanism by which estradiol improves organ functions after trauma-hemorrhage. Surgery. 2000 Aug;128(2):246-52. PubMed PMID: 10922999.

1264: Zaman G, Cheng MZ, Jessop HL, White R, Lanyon LE. Mechanical strain activates estrogen response elements in bone cells. Bone. 2000 Aug;27(2):233-9. PubMed PMID: 10913916.

1265: Mizutani K, Ikeda K, Yamori Y. Resveratrol inhibits AGEs-induced proliferation and collagen synthesis activity in vascular smooth muscle cells from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Jul 21;274(1):61-7. PubMed PMID: 10903896.

1266: Baker VL, Leitman D, Jaffe RB. Selective estrogen receptor modulators in reproductive medicine and biology. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2000 Jul;55(7 Suppl 2):S21-47. Review. PubMed PMID: 10890575.

1267: Hermenegildo C, Cano A. Pure anti-oestrogens. Hum Reprod Update. 2000 May-Jun;6(3):237-43. Review. PubMed PMID: 10874568.

1268: Lau KM, LaSpina M, Long J, Ho SM. Expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha and ER-beta in normal and malignant prostatic epithelial cells: regulation by methylation and involvement in growth regulation. Cancer Res. 2000 Jun 15;60(12):3175-82. PubMed PMID: 10866308.

1269: Leung ST, Wathes DC. Oestradiol regulation of oxytocin receptor expression in cyclic bovine endometrium. J Reprod Fertil. 2000 Jul;119(2):287-92. PubMed PMID: 10864841.

1270: Simoncini T, Genazzani AR. Tibolone inhibits leukocyte adhesion molecule expression in human endothelial cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2000 Apr 25;162(1-2):87-94. PubMed PMID: 10854701.

1271: Cardona-Gómez GP, Trejo JL, Fernandez AM, Garcia-Segura LM. Estrogen receptors and insulin-like growth factor-I receptors mediate estrogen-dependent synaptic plasticity. Neuroreport. 2000 Jun 5;11(8):1735-8. PubMed PMID: 10852234.

1272: Rosenberg Zand RS, Grass L, Magklara A, Jenkins DJ, Diamandis EP. Is ICI 182,780 an antiprogestin in addition to being an antiestrogen? Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2000 Mar;60(1):1-8. PubMed PMID: 10845803.

1273: Hyder SM, Chiappetta C, Stancel GM. Induction of the angiogenic factor VEGF in the uterus by the antiprogestin onapristone. Cancer Lett. 2000 Aug 1;156(1):101-7. PubMed PMID: 10840165.

1274: Murono EP, Derk RC, de León JH. Octylphenol inhibits testosterone biosynthesis by cultured precursor and immature Leydig cells from rat testes. Reprod Toxicol. 2000 May-Jun;14(3):275-88. PubMed PMID: 10838129.

1275: Greenlee AR, Quail CA, Berg RL. The antiestrogen ICI 182,780 abolishes developmental injury for murine embryos exposed in vitro to o,p'-DDT(1). Reprod Toxicol. 2000 May-Jun;14(3):225-34. PubMed PMID: 10838123.

1276: Saleh MC, Connell BJ, Saleh TM. Medullary and intrathecal injections of 17beta-estradiol in male rats. Brain Res. 2000 Jun 9;867(1-2):200-9. PubMed PMID: 10837814.

1277: Charles GD, Bartels MJ, Zacharewski TR, Gollapudi BB, Freshour NL, Carney EW. Activity of benzo[a]pyrene and its hydroxylated metabolites in an estrogen receptor-alpha reporter gene assay. Toxicol Sci. 2000 Jun;55(2):320-6. PubMed PMID: 10828263.

1278: Masuda S, Kobayashi T, Chikuma M, Nagao M, Sasaki R. The oviduct produces erythropoietin in an estrogen- and oxygen-dependent manner. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Jun;278(6):E1038-44. PubMed PMID: 10827006.

1279: Molinari AM, Bontempo P, Schiavone EM, Tortora V, Verdicchio MA, Napolitano M, Nola E, Moncharmont B, Medici N, Nigro V, Armetta I, Abbondanza C, Puca GA. Estradiol induces functional inactivation of p53 by intracellular redistribution. Cancer Res. 2000 May 15;60(10):2594-7. PubMed PMID: 10825127.

1280: Newton CJ, Eycott K, Green V, Atkin SL. Response of estrogen receptor containing tumour cells to pure antiestrogens and the calmodulin inhibitor, calmidzolium chloride. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2000 May;73(1-2):29-38. PubMed PMID: 10822022.

1281: Turner RT, Evans GL, Dobnig H. The high-affinity estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 has no effect on bone growth in young male rats. Calcif Tissue Int. 2000 Jun;66(6):461-4. PubMed PMID: 10821884.

1282: Bakir S, Mori T, Durand J, Chen YF, Thompson JA, Oparil S. Estrogen-induced vasoprotection is estrogen receptor dependent: evidence from the balloon-injured rat carotid artery model. Circulation. 2000 May 23;101(20):2342-4. PubMed PMID: 10821807.

1283: Luo LY, Grass L, Diamandis EP. The normal epithelial cell-specific 1 (NES1) gene is up-regulated by steroid hormones in the breast carcinoma cell line BT-474. Anticancer Res. 2000 Mar-Apr;20(2A):981-6. PubMed PMID: 10810385.

1284: Honda K, Sawada H, Kihara T, Urushitani M, Nakamizo T, Akaike A, Shimohama S. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase mediates neuroprotection by estrogen in cultured cortical neurons. J Neurosci Res. 2000 May 1;60(3):321-7. PubMed PMID: 10797534.

1285: Hodges LC, Bergerson JS, Hunter DS, Walker CL. Estrogenic effects of organochlorine pesticides on uterine leiomyoma cells in vitro. Toxicol Sci. 2000 Apr;54(2):355-64. Erratum in: Toxicol Sci 2000 Jul;56(1):followi. PubMed PMID: 10774817.

1286: Longo F, Mansueto G. [Anastrozolo: intracellular anti-aromatase activity and pharmacologic interactions. Satellite Symposium AIOM 1999 - Roma]. Tumori. 1999 Nov-Dec;85(6):A19-25. Italian. PubMed PMID: 10774583.

1287: Burakov D, Wong CW, Rachez C, Cheskis BJ, Freedman LP. Functional interactions between the estrogen receptor and DRIP205, a subunit of the heteromeric DRIP coactivator complex. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jul 7;275(27):20928-34. PubMed PMID: 10770935.

1288: Stenoien DL, Mancini MG, Patel K, Allegretto EA, Smith CL, Mancini MA. Subnuclear trafficking of estrogen receptor-alpha and steroid receptor coactivator-1. Mol Endocrinol. 2000 Apr;14(4):518-34. PubMed PMID: 10770489.

1289: Hodges YK, Tung L, Yan XD, Graham JD, Horwitz KB, Horwitz LD. Estrogen receptors alpha and beta: prevalence of estrogen receptor beta mRNA in human vascular smooth muscle and transcriptional effects. Circulation. 2000 Apr 18;101(15):1792-8. PubMed PMID: 10769279.

1290: Jarrar D, Wang P, Cioffi WG, Bland KI, Chaudry IH. Mechanisms of the salutary effects of dehydroepiandrosterone after trauma-hemorrhage: direct or indirect effects on cardiac and hepatocellular functions? Arch Surg. 2000 Apr;135(4):416-22; discussion 422-3. PubMed PMID: 10768706.

1291: Dubey RK, Jackson EK, Gillespie DG, Zacharia LC, Imthurn B, Keller PJ. Clinically used estrogens differentially inhibit human aortic smooth muscle cell growth and mitogen-activated protein kinase activity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000 Apr;20(4):964-72. PubMed PMID: 10764660.

1292: Robinson JA, Waters KM, Turner RT, Spelsberg TC. Direct action of naturally occurring estrogen metabolites on human osteoblastic cells. J Bone Miner Res. 2000 Mar;15(3):499-506. PubMed PMID: 10750564.

1293: Teoh H, Quan A, Leung SW, Man RY. Differential effects of 17beta-estradiol and testosterone on the contractile responses of porcine coronary arteries. Br J Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;129(7):1301-8. PubMed PMID: 10742284; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1571960.

1294: Dowsett M, Archer C, Assersohn L, Gregory RK, Ellis PA, Salter J, Chang J, Mainwaring P, Boeddinghaus I, Johnston SR, Powles TJ, Smith IE. Clinical studies of apoptosis and proliferation in breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 1999 Mar;6(1):25-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 10732783.

1295: Brodie A, Lu Q, Liu Y, Long B. Aromatase inhibitors and their antitumor effects in model systems. Endocr Relat Cancer. 1999 Jun;6(2):205-10. PubMed PMID: 10731110.

1296: Chaffin CL, Trewin AL, Hutz RJ. Estrous cycle-dependent changes in the expression of aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and AHR-nuclear translocator (ARNT) mRNAs in the rat ovary and liver. Chem Biol Interact. 2000 Feb 1;124(3):205-16. PubMed PMID: 10728779.

1297: Dudley MW, Sheeler CQ, Wang H, Khan S. Activation of the human estrogen receptor by the antiestrogens ICI 182,780 and tamoxifen in yeast genetic systems: implications for their mechanism of action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Mar 28;97(7):3696-701. PubMed PMID: 10725345; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC16302.

1298: Lobenhofer EK, Huper G, Iglehart JD, Marks JR. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in MCF-7 cells prevents estrogen-induced mitogenesis. Cell Growth Differ. 2000 Feb;11(2):99-110. PubMed PMID: 10714766.

1299: Shaw L, Taggart MJ, Austin C. Mechanisms of 17 beta-oestradiol induced vasodilatation in isolated pressurized rat small arteries. Br J Pharmacol. 2000 Feb;129(3):555-65. PubMed PMID: 10711355; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1571867.

1300: Lichtner RB, Parczyk K, Birchmeier W, Schneider MR. Differential cross-talk of estrogen and growth factor receptors in two human mammary tumor cell lines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1999 Dec 31;71(5-6):181-9. PubMed PMID: 10704907.

1301: Tan E, Gurjar MV, Sharma RV, Bhalla RC. Estrogen receptor-alpha gene transfer into bovine aortic endothelial cells induces eNOS gene expression and inhibits cell migration. Cardiovasc Res. 1999 Aug 15;43(3):788-97. PubMed PMID: 10690351.

1302: Nuedling S, Kahlert S, Loebbert K, Doevendans PA, Meyer R, Vetter H, Grohé C. 17 Beta-estradiol stimulates expression of endothelial and inducible NO synthase in rat myocardium in-vitro and in-vivo. Cardiovasc Res. 1999 Aug 15;43(3):666-74. PubMed PMID: 10690338.

1303: Gehm BD, McAndrews JM, Jordan VC, Jameson JL. EGF activates highly selective estrogen-responsive reporter plasmids by an ER-independent pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2000 Jan 25;159(1-2):53-62. PubMed PMID: 10687852.

1304: Singh M, Sétáló G Jr, Guan X, Frail DE, Toran-Allerand CD. Estrogen-induced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in the cerebral cortex of estrogen receptor-alpha knock-out mice. J Neurosci. 2000 Mar 1;20(5):1694-700. PubMed PMID: 10684871.

1305: Akingbemi BT, Ge RS, Klinefelter GR, Gunsalus GL, Hardy MP. A metabolite of methoxychlor, 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1, 1-trichloroethane, reduces testosterone biosynthesis in rat leydig cells through suppression of steady-state messenger ribonucleic acid levels of the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme. Biol Reprod. 2000 Mar;62(3):571-8. PubMed PMID: 10684797.

1306: Saville B, Wormke M, Wang F, Nguyen T, Enmark E, Kuiper G, Gustafsson JA, Safe S. Ligand-, cell-, and estrogen receptor subtype (alpha/beta)-dependent activation at GC-rich (Sp1) promoter elements. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 25;275(8):5379-87. PubMed PMID: 10681512.

1307: Smart RC, Oh HS, Chanda S, Robinette CL. Effects of 17-beta-estradiol and ICI 182 780 on hair growth in various strains of mice. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 1999 Dec;4(3):285-9. PubMed PMID: 10674383.

1308: Diel P, Smolnikar K, Michna H. The pure antiestrogen ICI 182780 is more effective in the induction of apoptosis and down regulation of BCL-2 than tamoxifen in MCF-7 cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1999 Nov;58(2):87-97. PubMed PMID: 10674872.

1309: Chanda S, Robinette CL, Couse JF, Smart RC. 17beta-estradiol and ICI-182780 regulate the hair follicle cycle in mice through an estrogen receptor-alpha pathway. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Feb;278(2):E202-10. PubMed PMID: 10662703.

1310: Chun TY, Gorski J. High concentrations of bisphenol A induce cell growth and prolactin secretion in an estrogen-responsive pituitary tumor cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2000 Feb 1;162(3):161-5. PubMed PMID: 10652244.

1311: Illingworth IM, Kimber SJ. Demonstration of oestrogenic control of H-type-1 carbohydrate antigen in the murine endometrial epithelium by use of ICI 182,780. J Reprod Fertil. 1999 Sep;117(1):89-95. PubMed PMID: 10645249.

1312: Jordan VC. How is tamoxifen's action subverted? J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Jan 19;92(2):92-4. PubMed PMID: 10639501.

1313: Kunisue H, Kurebayashi J, Otsuki T, Tang CK, Kurosumi M, Yamamoto S, Tanaka K, Doihara H, Shimizu N, Sonoo H. Anti-HER2 antibody enhances the growth inhibitory effect of anti-oestrogen on breast cancer cells expressing both oestrogen receptors and HER2. Br J Cancer. 2000 Jan;82(1):46-51. PubMed PMID: 10638965; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2363211.

1314: Larsen SS, Egeblad M, Jäättelä M, Lykkesfeldt AE. Acquired antiestrogen resistance in MCF-7 human breast cancer sublines is not accomplished by altered expression of receptors in the ErbB-family. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1999 Nov;58(1):41-56. PubMed PMID: 10634517.

1315: Huang A, Sun D, Koller A, Kaley G. 17beta-estradiol restores endothelial nitric oxide release to shear stress in arterioles of male hypertensive rats. Circulation. 2000 Jan 4-11;101(1):94-100. PubMed PMID: 10618310.

1316: Sawada M, Alkayed NJ, Goto S, Crain BJ, Traystman RJ, Shaivitz A, Nelson RJ, Hurn PD. Estrogen receptor antagonist ICI182,780 exacerbates ischemic injury in female mouse. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2000 Jan;20(1):112-8. PubMed PMID: 10616799.

1317: Stoker TE, Robinette CL, Cooper RL. Perinatal exposure to estrogenic compounds and the subsequent effects on the prostate of the adult rat: evaluation of inflammation in the ventral and lateral lobes. Reprod Toxicol. 1999 Nov-Dec;13(6):463-72. PubMed PMID: 10613394.

1318: Murono EP, Derk RC, de León JH. Biphasic effects of octylphenol on testosterone biosynthesis by cultured Leydig cells from neonatal rats. Reprod Toxicol. 1999 Nov-Dec;13(6):451-62. PubMed PMID: 10613393.

1319: DePasquale JA. Rearrangement of the F-actin cytoskeleton in estradiol-treated MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Histochem Cell Biol. 1999 Nov;112(5):341-50. PubMed PMID: 10603073.

1320: Vladusic EA, Hornby AE, Guerra-Vladusic FK, Lakins J, Lupu R. Expression and regulation of estrogen receptor beta in human breast tumors and cell lines. Oncol Rep. 2000 Jan-Feb;7(1):157-67. PubMed PMID: 10601611.

1321: Lu Q, Liu Y, Long BJ, Grigoryev D, Gimbel M, Brodie A. The effect of combining aromatase inhibitors with antiestrogens on tumor growth in a nude mouse model for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1999 Sep;57(2):183-92. PubMed PMID: 10598045.

1322: Ercoli A, Battaglia A, Raspaglio G, Fattorossi A, Alimonti A, Petrucci F, Caroli S, Mancuso S, Scambia G. Activity of cisplatin and ICI 182,780 on estrogen receptor negative ovarian cancer cells: cell cycle and cell replication rate perturbation, chromatin texture alteration and apoptosis induction. Int J Cancer. 2000 Jan 1;85(1):98-103. PubMed PMID: 10585591.

1323: Azcoitia I, Sierra A, Garcia-Segura LM. Neuroprotective effects of estradiol in the adult rat hippocampus: interaction with insulin-like growth factor-I signalling. J Neurosci Res. 1999 Dec 15;58(6):815-22. PubMed PMID: 10583912.

1324: Wijayaratne AL, Nagel SC, Paige LA, Christensen DJ, Norris JD, Fowlkes DM, McDonnell DP. Comparative analyses of mechanistic differences among antiestrogens. Endocrinology. 1999 Dec;140(12):5828-40. PubMed PMID: 10579349.

1325: Furlanetto TW, Nguyen LQ, Jameson JL. Estradiol increases proliferation and down-regulates the sodium/iodide symporter gene in FRTL-5 cells. Endocrinology. 1999 Dec;140(12):5705-11. PubMed PMID: 10579335.

1326: García-Durán M, de Frutos T, Díaz-Recasens J, García-Gálvez G, Jiménez A, Montón M, Farré J, Sánchez de Miguel L, González-Fernández F, Arriero MD, Rico L, García R, Casado S, López-Farré A. Estrogen stimulates neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein expression in human neutrophils. Circ Res. 1999 Nov 26;85(11):1020-6. PubMed PMID: 10571532.

1327: Speirs V, Kerin MJ, Newton CJ, Walton DS, Green AR, Desai SB, Atkin SL. Evidence for transcriptional activation of ERalpha by IL-1beta in breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol. 1999 Dec;15(6):1251-4. PubMed PMID: 10568836.

1328: Evans A, Vollenhoven B, Healy D. Modern antioestrogens and the coming revolution in women's health care. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999 Aug;39(3):334-40. Review. PubMed PMID: 10554946.

1329: Gee AC, Carlson KE, Martini PG, Katzenellenbogen BS, Katzenellenbogen JA. Coactivator peptides have a differential stabilizing effect on the binding of estrogens and antiestrogens with the estrogen receptor. Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Nov;13(11):1912-23. PubMed PMID: 10551784.

1330: Chen J, Li Y, Lavigne JA, Trush MA, Yager JD. Increased mitochondrial superoxide production in rat liver mitochondria, rat hepatocytes, and HepG2 cells following ethinyl estradiol treatment. Toxicol Sci. 1999 Oct;51(2):224-35. PubMed PMID: 10543024.

1331: Roy D, Angelini NL, Belsham DD. Estrogen directly respresses gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene expression in estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha)- and ERbeta-expressing GT1-7 GnRH neurons. Endocrinology. 1999 Nov;140(11):5045-53. PubMed PMID: 10537130.

1332: Li G, Chen YF, Greene GL, Oparil S, Thompson JA. Estrogen inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell-dependent adventitial fibroblast migration in vitro. Circulation. 1999 Oct 12;100(15):1639-45. PubMed PMID: 10517736.

1333: Parisot JP, Leeding KS, Hu XF, DeLuise M, Zalcberg JR, Bach LA. Induction of insulin-like growth factor binding protein expression by ICI 182,780 in a tamoxifen-resistant human breast cancer cell line. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1999 Jun;55(3):231-42. PubMed PMID: 10517168.

1334: Reinhart KC, Dubey RK, Keller PJ, Lauper U, Rosselli M. Xeno-oestrogens and phyto-oestrogens induce the synthesis of leukaemia inhibitory factor by human and bovine oviduct cells. Mol Hum Reprod. 1999 Oct;5(10):899-907. PubMed PMID: 10508216.

1335: Kim HP, Lee JY, Jeong JK, Bae SW, Lee HK, Jo I. Nongenomic stimulation of nitric oxide release by estrogen is mediated by estrogen receptor alpha localized in caveolae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Sep 16;263(1):257-62. PubMed PMID: 10486286.

1336: Schafer JI, Liu H, Tonetti DA, Jordan VC. The interaction of raloxifene and the active metabolite of the antiestrogen EM-800 (SC 5705) with the human estrogen receptor. Cancer Res. 1999 Sep 1;59(17):4308-13. PubMed PMID: 10485477.

1337: Duan R, Porter W, Samudio I, Vyhlidal C, Kladde M, Safe S. Transcriptional activation of c-fos protooncogene by 17beta-estradiol: mechanism of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated inhibition. Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Sep;13(9):1511-21. PubMed PMID: 10478842.

1338: Gunther DF, Calikoglu AS, Underwood LE. The effects of the estrogen receptor blocker, Faslodex (ICI 182,780), on estrogen-accelerated bone maturation in mice. Pediatr Res. 1999 Sep;46(3):269-73. PubMed PMID: 10473040.

1339: Hofbauer LC, Khosla S, Dunstan CR, Lacey DL, Spelsberg TC, Riggs BL. Estrogen stimulates gene expression and protein production of osteoprotegerin in human osteoblastic cells. Endocrinology. 1999 Sep;140(9):4367-70. PubMed PMID: 10465311.

1340: Gui Y, Zhang J, Yuan L, Lessey BA. Regulation of HOXA-10 and its expression in normal and abnormal endometrium. Mol Hum Reprod. 1999 Sep;5(9):866-73. PubMed PMID: 10460226.

1341: Lavigne MC, Ramwell PW, Clarke R. Inhibition of estrogen receptor function promotes porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation. Steroids. 1999 Jul;64(7):472-80. PubMed PMID: 10443903.

1342: Teoh H, Leung SW, Man RY. Short-term exposure to physiological levels of 17 beta-estradiol enhances endothelium-independent relaxation in porcine coronary artery. Cardiovasc Res. 1999 Apr;42(1):224-31. PubMed PMID: 10435014.

1343: Van Den Bemd GJ, Kuiper GG, Pols HA, Van Leeuwen JP. Distinct effects on the conformation of estrogen receptor alpha and beta by both the antiestrogens ICI 164,384 and ICI 182,780 leading to opposite effects on receptor stability. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jul 22;261(1):1-5. PubMed PMID: 10405313.

1344: Ten Bolscher M, Netelenbos JC, Barto R, Van Buuren LM, Van der vijgh WJ. Estrogen regulation of intestinal calcium absorption in the intact and ovariectomized adult rat. J Bone Miner Res. 1999 Jul;14(7):1197-202. PubMed PMID: 10404021.

1345: Heinrich CA, Lail-Trecker MR, Peluso JJ, White BA. Negative regulation of N-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion by the estrogen receptor signaling pathway in rat pituitary GH3 cells. Endocrine. 1999 Feb;10(1):67-76. PubMed PMID: 10403573.

1346: Xu R, Morales JA, Muniyappa R, Skafar DF, Ram JL, Sowers JR. Interleukin-1beta-induced nitric oxide production in rat aortic endothelial cells: inhibition by estradiol in normal and high glucose cultures. Life Sci. 1999;64(26):2451-62. PubMed PMID: 10403504.

1347: Chen GT, Getsios S, MacCalman CD. Antisteroidal compounds and steroid withdrawal down-regulate cadherin-11 mRNA and protein expression levels in human endometrial stromal cells undergoing decidualisation in vitro. Mol Reprod Dev. 1999 Aug;53(4):384-93. PubMed PMID: 10398413.

1348: Chen D, Ganapathy P, Zhu LJ, Xu X, Li Q, Bagchi IC, Bagchi MK. Potential regulation of membrane trafficking by estrogen receptor alpha via induction of rab11 in uterine glands during implantation. Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Jun;13(6):993-1004. PubMed PMID: 10379897.

1349: Tarleton BJ, Wiley AA, Bartol FF. Endometrial development and adenogenesis in the neonatal pig: effects of estradiol valerate and the antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Biol Reprod. 1999 Jul;61(1):253-63. PubMed PMID: 10377057.

1350: Ying C, Lin DH, Sarkar DK, Chen TT. Interaction between estrogen receptor and Pit-1 protein is influenced by estrogen in pituitary cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1999 Feb;68(3-4):145-52. PubMed PMID: 10369412.

1351: Ehlers EM, Schubert C. Differences in morphology and cytoskeleton of MCF-7 and MX-1 cells after therapy with OH-tamoxifen and the pure estrogen antagonist ZM 182780. An immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscopic study. Ann Anat. 1999 May;181(3):231-6. PubMed PMID: 10363104.

1352: Mäenpää J, Ellmén J, Pasanen T, Kaukonen M. Re: Effects of the antiestrogens tamoxifen, toremifene, and ICI 182,780 on endometrial cancer growth. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Jun 2;91(11):972-3. PubMed PMID: 10359551.

1353: Angus WG, Larsen MC, Jefcoate CR. Expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 depends on cell-specific factors in human breast cancer cell lines: role of estrogen receptor status. Carcinogenesis. 1999 Jun;20(6):947-55. PubMed PMID: 10357772.

1354: Götz ME, Ahlbom E, Zhivotovsky B, Blum-Degen D, Oettel M, Römer W, Riederer P, Orrenius S, Ceccatelli S. Radical scavenging compound J 811 inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced death of cerebellar granule cells. J Neurosci Res. 1999 May 15;56(4):420-6. PubMed PMID: 10340749.

1355: Newton CJ, Drummond N, Burgoyne CH, Speirs V, Stalla GK, Atkin SL. Functional inactivation of the oestrogen receptor by the antioestrogen, ZM 182780, sensitises tumour cells to reactive oxygen species. J Endocrinol. 1999 May;161(2):199-210. PubMed PMID: 10320817.

1356: Lee AV, Jackson JG, Gooch JL, Hilsenbeck SG, Coronado-Heinsohn E, Osborne CK, Yee D. Enhancement of insulin-like growth factor signaling in human breast cancer: estrogen regulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 expression in vitro and in vivo. Mol Endocrinol. 1999 May;13(5):787-96. PubMed PMID: 10319328.

1357: Andersen HR, Andersson AM, Arnold SF, Autrup H, Barfoed M, Beresford NA, Bjerregaard P, Christiansen LB, Gissel B, Hummel R, Jørgensen EB, Korsgaard B, Le Guevel R, Leffers H, McLachlan J, Møller A, Nielsen JB, Olea N, Oles-Karasko A, Pakdel F, Pedersen KL, Perez P, Skakkeboek NE, Sonnenschein C, Soto AM, et al. Comparison of short-term estrogenicity tests for identification of hormone-disrupting chemicals. Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Feb;107 Suppl 1:89-108. PubMed PMID: 10229711; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1566352.

1358: Pillai SB, Rockwell LC, Sherwood OD, Koos RD. Relaxin stimulates uterine edema via activation of estrogen receptors: blockade of its effects using ICI 182,780, a specific estrogen receptor antagonist. Endocrinology. 1999 May;140(5):2426-9. PubMed PMID: 10218998.

1359: Zancan V, Santagati S, Bolego C, Vegeto E, Maggi A, Puglisi L. 17Beta-estradiol decreases nitric oxide synthase II synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Endocrinology. 1999 May;140(5):2004-9. PubMed PMID: 10218948.

1360: Williams GM. Re: Effects of the antiestrogens tamoxifen, toremifene, and ICI 182,780 on endometrial cancer growth. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Apr 21;91(8):722-3. PubMed PMID: 10218512.

1361: Dopp E, Vollmer G, Hahnel C, Grevesmühl Y, Schiffmann D. Modulation of the intracellular calcium level in mammalian cells caused by 17beta-estradiol, different phytoestrogens and the anti-estrogen ICI 182780. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1999 Jan;68(1-2):57-64. PubMed PMID: 10215038.

1362: Gollapudi L, Oblinger MM. Stable transfection of PC12 cells with estrogen receptor (ERalpha): protective effects of estrogen on cell survival after serum deprivation. J Neurosci Res. 1999 Apr 1;56(1):99-108. PubMed PMID: 10213481.

1363: Malayer JR, Cheng J, Woods VM. Estrogen responses in bovine fetal uterine cells involve pathways directed by both estrogen response element and activator protein-1. Biol Reprod. 1999 May;60(5):1204-10. PubMed PMID: 10208985.

1364: Silbiger S, Lei J, Neugarten J. Estradiol suppresses type I collagen synthesis in mesangial cells via activation of activator protein-1. Kidney Int. 1999 Apr;55(4):1268-76. PubMed PMID: 10200990.

1365: Improta-Brears T, Whorton AR, Codazzi F, York JD, Meyer T, McDonnell DP. Estrogen-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase requires mobilization of intracellular calcium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Apr 13;96(8):4686-91. PubMed PMID: 10200323; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC16393.

1366: Salerno M, Sisci D, Mauro L, Guvakova MA, Ando S, Surmacz E. Insulin receptor substrate 1 is a target for the pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 in breast cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 1999 Apr 12;81(2):299-304. PubMed PMID: 10188734.

1367: Kirsch EA, Yuhanna IS, Chen Z, German Z, Sherman TS, Shaul PW. Estrogen acutely stimulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in H441 human airway epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1999 Apr;20(4):658-66. PubMed PMID: 10100997.

1368: Harnagea-Theophilus E, Gadd SL, Knight-Trent AH, DeGeorge GL, Miller MR. Acetaminophen-induced proliferation of breast cancer cells involves estrogen receptors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1999 Mar 15;155(3):273-9. PubMed PMID: 10079213.

1369: Christian M, Gillies G. Developing hypothalamic dopaminergic neurones as potential targets for environmental estrogens. J Endocrinol. 1999 Mar;160(3):R1-6. PubMed PMID: 10077742.

1370: DeGregorio MW. Re: Effects of the antiestrogens tamoxifen, toremifene, and ICI 182,780 on endometrial cancer growth. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Mar 3;91(5):474-5. PubMed PMID: 10070949.

1371: Ogasawara Y, Doihara H, Shiroma K, Kanaya Y, Shimizu N. Effects of experimental chemoendocrine therapy with a combination of a pure antiestrogen and 5-fluorouracil on human breast cancer cells implanted in nude mice. Surg Today. 1999;29(2):149-56. PubMed PMID: 10030740.

1372: Jensen BL, Skouv J, Lundholt BK, Lykkesfeldt AE. Differential regulation of specific genes in MCF-7 and the ICI 182780-resistant cell line MCF-7/182R-6. Br J Cancer. 1999 Feb;79(3-4):386-92. PubMed PMID: 10027303; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2362436.

1373: Hurd C, Dinda S, Khattree N, Moudgil VK. Estrogen-dependent and independent activation of the P1 promoter of the p53 gene in transiently transfected breast cancer cells. Oncogene. 1999 Jan 28;18(4):1067-72. PubMed PMID: 10023683.

1374: Schreihofer DA, Resnick EM, Soh AY, Shupnik MA. Transcriptional regulation by a naturally occurring truncated rat estrogen receptor (ER), truncated ER product-1 (TERP-1). Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Feb;13(2):320-9. PubMed PMID: 9973261.

1375: Peters GA, Khan SA. Estrogen receptor domains E and F: role in dimerization and interaction with coactivator RIP-140. Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Feb;13(2):286-96. PubMed PMID: 9973258.

1376: Saleh TM, Connell BJ. Centrally mediated effect of 17beta-estradiol on parasympathetic tone in male rats. Am J Physiol. 1999 Feb;276(2 Pt 2):R474-81. PubMed PMID: 9950927.

1377: Gu Q, Korach KS, Moss RL. Rapid action of 17beta-estradiol on kainate-induced currents in hippocampal neurons lacking intracellular estrogen receptors. Endocrinology. 1999 Feb;140(2):660-6. PubMed PMID: 9927291.

1378: Nawaz Z, Stancel GM, Hyder SM. The pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 inhibits progestin-induced transcription. Cancer Res. 1999 Jan 15;59(2):372-6. PubMed PMID: 9927049.

1379: Chen D, Pace PE, Coombes RC, Ali S. Phosphorylation of human estrogen receptor alpha by protein kinase A regulates dimerization. Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Feb;19(2):1002-15. PubMed PMID: 9891036; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC116031.

1380: Lee Y, Renaud RA, Friedrich TC, Gorski J. Estrogen causes cell death of estrogen receptor stably transfected cells via apoptosis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1998 Nov;67(4):327-32. PubMed PMID: 9883989.

1381: Long BJ, Tilghman SL, Yue W, Thiantanawat A, Grigoryev DN, Brodie AM. The steroidal antiestrogen ICI 182,780 is an inhibitor of cellular aromatase activity. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1998 Nov;67(4):293-304. PubMed PMID: 9883986.

1382: de Cupis A, Pirani P, Fazzuoli L, Favoni RE. Responsiveness to hormone, growth factor and drug treatment of a human breast cancer cell line: comparison between early and late cultures. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 1998 Nov-Dec;34(10):836-43. PubMed PMID: 9870534.

1383: Holleran AL, Lindenthal B, Aldaghlas TA, Kelleher JK. Effect of tamoxifen on cholesterol synthesis in HepG2 cells and cultured rat hepatocytes. Metabolism. 1998 Dec;47(12):1504-13. PubMed PMID: 9867082.

1384: Lea CK, Flanagan AM. Ovarian androgens protect against bone loss in rats made oestrogen deficient by treatment with ICI 182,780. J Endocrinol. 1999 Jan;160(1):111-7. PubMed PMID: 9858876.

1385: Kurebayashi J, Otsuki T, Yamamoto S, Kurosumi M, Nakata T, Akinaga S, Sonoo H. A pure antiestrogen, ICI 182,780, stimulates the growth of tamoxifen-resistant KPL-1 human breast cancer cells in vivo but not in vitro. Oncology. 1998 Dec;55 Suppl 1:23-34. PubMed PMID: 9852399.

1386: Nolan E, Donepudi M, VanWeelden K, Flanagan L, Welsh J. Dissociation of vitamin D3 and anti-estrogen mediated growth regulation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem. 1998 Nov;188(1-2):13-20. PubMed PMID: 9823006.

1387: Huynh H, Pollak M. Stabilization of mammary-derived growth inhibitor messenger RNA by antiestrogens. Clin Cancer Res. 1997 Nov;3(11):2151-6. PubMed PMID: 9815609.

1388: Ordög T, Goldsmith JR, Chen MD, Connaughton MA, Hotchkiss J, Knobil E. On the mechanism of the positive feedback action of estradiol on luteinizing hormone secretion in the rhesus monkey. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Nov;83(11):4047-53. PubMed PMID: 9814490.

1389: Lu Q, Yue W, Wang J, Liu Y, Long B, Brodie A. The effects of aromatase inhibitors and antiestrogens in the nude mouse model. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1998 Jul;50(1):63-71. PubMed PMID: 9802621.

1390: O'Regan RM, Cisneros A, England GM, MacGregor JI, Muenzner HD, Assikis VJ, Bilimoria MM, Piette M, Dragan YP, Pitot HC, Chatterton R, Jordan VC. Effects of the antiestrogens tamoxifen, toremifene, and ICI 182,780 on endometrial cancer growth. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998 Oct 21;90(20):1552-8. PubMed PMID: 9790548.

1391: Cho MM, Ziats NP, Abdul-Karim FW, Pal D, Goldfarb J, Utian WH, Gorodeski GI. Effects of estrogen on tight junctional resistance in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 1998 Sep-Oct;5(5):260-70. PubMed PMID: 9773402.

1392: Stahl S, Chun TY, Gray WG. Phytoestrogens act as estrogen agonists in an estrogen-responsive pituitary cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1998 Sep;152(1):41-8. PubMed PMID: 9772198.

1393: Minshall RD, Miyagawa K, Chadwick CC, Novy MJ, Hermsmeyer K. In vitro modulation of primate coronary vascular muscle cell reactivity by ovarian steroid hormones. FASEB J. 1998 Oct;12(13):1419-29. PubMed PMID: 9761786.

1394: Donath J, Nishino Y. Effects of partial versus pure antiestrogens on ovulation and the pituitary-ovarian axis in the rat. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1998 Aug;66(4):247-54. PubMed PMID: 9744522.

1395: Ruh MF, Bi Y, D'Alonzo R, Bellone CJ. Effect of estrogens on IL-1beta promoter activity. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1998 Aug;66(4):203-10. PubMed PMID: 9744517.

1396: Gorodeski GI. Estrogen increases the permeability of the cultured human cervical epithelium by modulating cell deformability. Am J Physiol. 1998 Sep;275(3 Pt 1):C888-99. PubMed PMID: 9730974.

1397: Saleh TM, Connell BJ. Role of 17beta-estradiol in the modulation of baroreflex sensitivity in male rats. Am J Physiol. 1998 Sep;275(3 Pt 2):R770-8. PubMed PMID: 9728074.

1398: Sibonga JD, Dobnig H, Harden RM, Turner RT. Effect of the high-affinity estrogen receptor ligand ICI 182,780 on the rat tibia. Endocrinology. 1998 Sep;139(9):3736-42. PubMed PMID: 9724025.

1399: Damien E, Price JS, Lanyon LE. The estrogen receptor's involvement in osteoblasts' adaptive response to mechanical strain. J Bone Miner Res. 1998 Aug;13(8):1275-82. PubMed PMID: 9718196.

1400: Logie C, Nichols M, Myles K, Funder JW, Stewart AF. Positive and negative discrimination of estrogen receptor agonists and antagonists using site-specific DNA recombinase fusion proteins. Mol Endocrinol. 1998 Aug;12(8):1120-32. PubMed PMID: 9717838.

1401: Treon SP, Teoh G, Urashima M, Ogata A, Chauhan D, Webb IJ, Anderson KC. Anti-estrogens induce apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells. Blood. 1998 Sep 1;92(5):1749-57. PubMed PMID: 9716605.

1402: Biswas DK, Averboukh L, Sheng S, Martin K, Ewaniuk DS, Jawde TF, Wang F, Pardee AB. Classification of breast cancer cells on the basis of a functional assay for estrogen receptor. Mol Med. 1998 Jul;4(7):454-67. PubMed PMID: 9713824; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2230334.

1403: Spears N, Murray AA, Allison V, Boland NI, Gosden RG. Role of gonadotrophins and ovarian steroids in the development of mouse follicles in vitro. J Reprod Fertil. 1998 May;113(1):19-26. PubMed PMID: 9713372.

1404: Ferguson AT, Lapidus RG, Davidson NE. Demethylation of the progesterone receptor CpG island is not required for progesterone receptor gene expression. Oncogene. 1998 Aug 6;17(5):577-83. PubMed PMID: 9704923.

1405: Vagell ME, McGinnis MY. The role of gonadal steroid receptor activation in the restoration of sociosexual behavior in adult male rats. Horm Behav. 1998 Jun;33(3):163-79. PubMed PMID: 9698500.

1406: al-Matubsi HY, Fairclough RJ, Jenkin G. Oestrogenic effects of ICI 182,780, a putative anti-oestrogen, on the secretion of oxytocin and prostaglandin F2 alpha during oestrous cycle in the intact ewe. Anim Reprod Sci. 1998 Apr 30;51(2):81-96. PubMed PMID: 9672671.

1407: Prall OW, Rogan EM, Musgrove EA, Watts CK, Sutherland RL. c-Myc or cyclin D1 mimics estrogen effects on cyclin E-Cdk2 activation and cell cycle reentry. Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Aug;18(8):4499-508. PubMed PMID: 9671459; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC109035.

1408: Levenson AS, Tonetti DA, Jordan VC. The oestrogen-like effect of 4-hydroxytamoxifen on induction of transforming growth factor alpha mRNA in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells stably expressing the oestrogen receptor. Br J Cancer. 1998 Jun;77(11):1812-9. PubMed PMID: 9667651; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2150359.

1409: Smart RC, Oh HS. On the effect of estrogen receptor agonists and antagonists on the mouse hair follicle cycle. J Invest Dermatol. 1998 Jul;111(1):175. PubMed PMID: 9665409.

1410: Huang JC, Liu DY, Dawood MY. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor isoforms in cultured human endometrial stromal cells and its regulation by 17beta-oestradiol. Mol Hum Reprod. 1998 Jun;4(6):603-7. PubMed PMID: 9665344.

1411: Freking F, Ramachandran B, Schlinger BA. Regulation of aromatase, 5 alpha- and 5 beta-reductase in primary cell cultures of developing zebra finch telencephalon. J Neurobiol. 1998 Jul;36(1):30-40. PubMed PMID: 9658336.

1412: Romagnolo D, Annab LA, Thompson TE, Risinger JI, Terry LA, Barrett JC, Afshari CA. Estrogen upregulation of BRCA1 expression with no effect on localization. Mol Carcinog. 1998 Jun;22(2):102-9. PubMed PMID: 9655254.

1413: Wingrove CS, Garr E, Godsland IF, Stevenson JC. 17beta-oestradiol enhances release of matrix metalloproteinase-2 from human vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Mar 5;1406(2):169-74. PubMed PMID: 9573355.

1414: Castro-Rivera E, Safe S. Estrogen- and antiestrogen-responsiveness of HEC1A endometrial adenocarcinoma cells in culture. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1998 Mar;64(5-6):287-95. PubMed PMID: 9618030.

1415: Gell JS, Oh J, Rainey WE, Carr BR. Effect of estradiol on DHEAS production in the human adrenocortical cell line, H295R. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 1998 May-Jun;5(3):144-8. PubMed PMID: 9614644.

1416: England GM, Bilimoria MM, Chen Z, Assikis VJ, Muenzner HD, Jordan VC. Characterization of a point mutation in the hormone binding domain of the estrogen receptor from an breast tumor. Int J Oncol. 1998 May;12(5):981-6. PubMed PMID: 9538117.

1417: Das SK, Tan J, Johnson DC, Dey SK. Differential spatiotemporal regulation of lactoferrin and progesterone receptor genes in the mouse uterus by primary estrogen, catechol estrogen, and xenoestrogen. Endocrinology. 1998 Jun;139(6):2905-15. PubMed PMID: 9607801.

1418: Martel C, Labrie C, Bélanger A, Gauthier S, Mérand Y, Li X, Provencher L, Candas B, Labrie F. Comparison of the effects of the new orally active antiestrogen EM-800 with ICI 182 780 and toremifene on estrogen-sensitive parameters in the ovariectomized mouse. Endocrinology. 1998 May;139(5):2486-92. PubMed PMID: 9564862.

1419: Marino M, Pallottini V, Trentalance A. Estrogens cause rapid activation of IP3-PKC-alpha signal transduction pathway in HEPG2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Apr 7;245(1):254-8. PubMed PMID: 9535818.

1420: McLeskey SW, Zhang L, El-Ashry D, Trock BJ, Lopez CA, Kharbanda S, Tobias CA, Lorant LA, Hannum RS, Dickson RB, Kern FG. Tamoxifen-resistant fibroblast growth factor-transfected MCF-7 cells are cross-resistant in vivo to the antiestrogen ICI 182,780 and two aromatase inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res. 1998 Mar;4(3):697-711. PubMed PMID: 9533540.

1421: Ruehlmann DO, Steinert JR, Valverde MA, Jacob R, Mann GE. Environmental estrogenic pollutants induce acute vascular relaxation by inhibiting L-type Ca2+ channels in smooth muscle cells. FASEB J. 1998 May;12(7):613-9. PubMed PMID: 9576488.

1422: Abidi SM, Howard EW, Dmytryk JJ, Pento JT. The influence of antiestrogens on the release of plasminogen activator (uPA) by MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Clin Exp Metastasis. 1998 Apr;16(3):235-41. PubMed PMID: 9568641.

1423: Chun TY, Gregg D, Sarkar DK, Gorski J. Differential regulation by estrogens of growth and prolactin synthesis in pituitary cells suggests that only a small pool of estrogen receptors is required for growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Mar 3;95(5):2325-30. PubMed PMID: 9482884; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC19333.

1424: Ercoli A, Scambia G, Fattorossi A, Raspaglio G, Battaglia A, Cicchillitti L, Malorni W, Rainaldi G, Benedetti Panici P, Mancuso S. Comparative study on the induction of cytostasis and apoptosis by ICI 182,780 and tamoxifen in an estrogen receptor-negative ovarian cancer cell line. Int J Cancer. 1998 Mar 30;76(1):47-54. PubMed PMID: 9533761.

1425: Glusa E, Gräser T, Wagner S, Oettel M. Mechanisms of relaxation of rat aorta in response to progesterone and synthetic progestins. Maturitas. 1997 Dec 15;28(2):181-91. PubMed PMID: 9522326.

1426: Kassem M, Okazaki R, Harris SA, Spelsberg TC, Conover CA, Riggs BL. Estrogen effects on insulin-like growth factor gene expression in a human osteoblastic cell line with high levels of estrogen receptor. Calcif Tissue Int. 1998 Jan;62(1):60-6. PubMed PMID: 9405735.

1427: Hayashi T, Yamada K, Esaki T, Muto E, Chaudhuri G, Iguchi A. Physiological concentrations of 17beta-estradiol inhibit the synthesis of nitric oxide synthase in macrophages via a receptor-mediated system. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1998 Feb;31(2):292-8. PubMed PMID: 9475272.

1428: Parczyk K, Madjno R, Michna H, Nishino Y, Schneider MR. Progesterone receptor repression by estrogens in rat uterine epithelial cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1997 Nov-Dec;63(4-6):309-16. PubMed PMID: 9459197.

1429: Hegele-Hartung C, Fritzemeier KH, Diel P. Effects of a pure antiestrogen and progesterone on estrogen-mediated alterations of blood flow and progesterone receptor expression in the aorta of ovariectomized rabbits. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1997 Nov-Dec;63(4-6):237-49. PubMed PMID: 9459190.

1430: Rickard DJ, Hofbauer LC, Bonde SK, Gori F, Spelsberg TC, Riggs BL. Bone morphogenetic protein-6 production in human osteoblastic cell lines. Selective regulation by estrogen. J Clin Invest. 1998 Jan 15;101(2):413-22. PubMed PMID: 9435314; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC508581.

1431: [ECCO 9 -- Future trends in endocrine therapy of breast cancer]. Tumori. 1997 Sep-Oct;83(5):874-6. Italian. PubMed PMID: 9446251.

1432: Müller V, Jensen EV, Knabbe C. Partial antagonism between steroidal and nonsteroidal antiestrogens in human breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 1998 Jan 15;58(2):263-7. PubMed PMID: 9443403.

1433: Stenn KS, Paus R, Filippi M. Failure of topical estrogen receptor agonists and antagonists to alter murine hair follicle cycling. J Invest Dermatol. 1998 Jan;110(1):95. PubMed PMID: 9424096.

1434: Xiao L, Becker JB. Hormonal activation of the striatum and the nucleus accumbens modulates paced mating behavior in the female rat. Horm Behav. 1997 Oct;32(2):114-24. PubMed PMID: 9367719.

1435: Tremblay A, Tremblay GB, Labrie C, Labrie F, Giguère V. EM-800, a novel antiestrogen, acts as a pure antagonist of the transcriptional functions of estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Endocrinology. 1998 Jan;139(1):111-8. PubMed PMID: 9421405.

1436: Milligan SR, Balasubramanian AV, Kalita JC. Relative potency of xenobiotic estrogens in an acute in vivo mammalian assay. Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Jan;106(1):23-6. PubMed PMID: 9417770; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1532935.

1437: Sudha S, Kumari U, Rao VS, Rao AJ. Identification of actin as an estradiol 17-beta-stimulated protein in the human placenta. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1997 Dec;43(5):955-66. PubMed PMID: 9415804.

1438: Shughrue PJ, Lane MV, Merchenthaler I. Regulation of progesterone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in the rat medial preoptic nucleus by estrogenic and antiestrogenic compounds: an in situ hybridization study. Endocrinology. 1997 Dec;138(12):5476-84. PubMed PMID: 9389534.

1439: Shanker YG, Rao AJ. Regulation of progesterone biosynthesis in the human placenta by estradiol 17 beta and progesterone. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1997 Oct;43(3):591-9. PubMed PMID: 9352078.

1440: Larsen SS, Madsen MW, Jensen BL, Lykkesfeldt AE. Resistance of human breast-cancer cells to the pure steroidal anti-estrogen ICI 182,780 is not associated with a general loss of estrogen-receptor expression or lack of estrogen responsiveness. Int J Cancer. 1997 Sep 17;72(6):1129-36. PubMed PMID: 9378550.

1441: Pace P, Taylor J, Suntharalingam S, Coombes RC, Ali S. Human estrogen receptor beta binds DNA in a manner similar to and dimerizes with estrogen receptor alpha. J Biol Chem. 1997 Oct 10;272(41):25832-8. PubMed PMID: 9325313.

1442: Kirkwood KL, Homick K, Dragon MB, Bradford PG. Cloning and characterization of the type I inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor gene promoter. Regulation by 17beta-estradiol in osteoblasts. J Biol Chem. 1997 Sep 5;272(36):22425-31. PubMed PMID: 9278393; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2754576.

1443: MacRitchie AN, Jun SS, Chen Z, German Z, Yuhanna IS, Sherman TS, Shaul PW. Estrogen upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene expression in fetal pulmonary artery endothelium. Circ Res. 1997 Sep;81(3):355-62. PubMed PMID: 9285637.

1444: Neuman E, Ladha MH, Lin N, Upton TM, Miller SJ, DiRenzo J, Pestell RG, Hinds PW, Dowdy SF, Brown M, Ewen ME. Cyclin D1 stimulation of estrogen receptor transcriptional activity independent of cdk4. Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Sep;17(9):5338-47. PubMed PMID: 9271411; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC232384.

1445: Feil R, Wagner J, Metzger D, Chambon P. Regulation of Cre recombinase activity by mutated estrogen receptor ligand-binding domains. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Aug 28;237(3):752-7. PubMed PMID: 9299439.

1446: Nickerson T, Huynh H, Pollak M. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 induces apoptosis in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Aug 28;237(3):690-3. Erratum in: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997 Nov 7;240(1):246. PubMed PMID: 9299428.

1447: Simard J, Sanchez R, Poirier D, Gauthier S, Singh SM, Merand Y, Belanger A, Labrie C, Labrie F. Blockade of the stimulatory effect of estrogens, OH-tamoxifen, OH-toremifene, droloxifene, and raloxifene on alkaline phosphatase activity by the antiestrogen EM-800 in human endometrial adenocarcinoma Ishikawa cells. Cancer Res. 1997 Aug 15;57(16):3494-7. PubMed PMID: 9270018.

1448: Brünner N, Boysen B, Jirus S, Skaar TC, Holst-Hansen C, Lippman J, Frandsen T, Spang-Thomsen M, Fuqua SA, Clarke R. MCF7/LCC9: an antiestrogen-resistant MCF-7 variant in which acquired resistance to the steroidal antiestrogen ICI 182,780 confers an early cross-resistance to the nonsteroidal antiestrogen tamoxifen. Cancer Res. 1997 Aug 15;57(16):3486-93. PubMed PMID: 9270017.

1449: Ellis PA, Saccani-Jotti G, Clarke R, Johnston SR, Anderson E, Howell A, A'Hern R, Salter J, Detre S, Nicholson R, Robertson J, Smith IE, Dowsett M. Induction of apoptosis by tamoxifen and ICI 182780 in primary breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 1997 Aug 7;72(4):608-13. PubMed PMID: 9259399.

1450: Bruder JM, Sobek L, Oettel M. Dehydroepiandrosterone stimulates the estrogen response element. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1997 Aug;62(5-6):461-6. PubMed PMID: 9449250.

1451: Bonefeld Jørgensen EC, Autrup H, Hansen JC. Effect of toxaphene on estrogen receptor functions in human breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis. 1997 Aug;18(8):1651-4. PubMed PMID: 9276643.

1452: Capriani A, Chiavegato A, Franch R, Azzarello G, Vinante O, Sartore S. Oestrogen-dependent expression of the SM2 smooth muscle-type myosin isoform in rabbit myometrium. J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 1997 Aug;18(4):413-27. PubMed PMID: 9276335.

1453: Uilenbroek JT, Kramer P, Karels B, de Jong FH. Significance of oestradiol for follicular development in hypogonadotrophic immature rats treated with FSH and hCG. J Reprod Fertil. 1997 Jul;110(2):231-6. PubMed PMID: 9306975.

1454: Lantin-Hermoso RL, Rosenfeld CR, Yuhanna IS, German Z, Chen Z, Shaul PW. Estrogen acutely stimulates nitric oxide synthase activity in fetal pulmonary artery endothelium. Am J Physiol. 1997 Jul;273(1 Pt 1):L119-26. PubMed PMID: 9252548.

1455: Abbas Abidi SM, Howard EW, Dmytryk JJ, Pento JT. Differential influence of antiestrogens on the in vitro release of gelatinases (type IV collagenases) by invasive and non-invasive breast cancer cells. Clin Exp Metastasis. 1997 Jul;15(4):432-9. PubMed PMID: 9219732.

1456: Mathew AC, Rajah TT, Hurt GM, Abbas Abidi SM, Dmytryk JJ, Pento JT. Influence of antiestrogens on the migration of breast cancer cells using an in vitro wound model. Clin Exp Metastasis. 1997 Jul;15(4):393-9. PubMed PMID: 9219727.

1457: Couissi D, Dubois V, Remacle C, Schonne E, Trouet A. Western immunoblotting and enzymatic activity analysis of cathepsin D in human breast cancer cell lines of different invasive potential. Regulation by 17beta-estradiol, tamoxifen and ICI 182,780. Clin Exp Metastasis. 1997 Jul;15(4):349-60. PubMed PMID: 9219723.

1458: Hyder SM, Chiappetta C, Murthy L, Stancel GM. Selective inhibition of estrogen-regulated gene expression in vivo by the pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Cancer Res. 1997 Jul 1;57(13):2547-9. PubMed PMID: 9205050.

1459: Wilcken NR, Prall OW, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL. Inducible overexpression of cyclin D1 in breast cancer cells reverses the growth-inhibitory effects of antiestrogens. Clin Cancer Res. 1997 Jun;3(6):849-54. PubMed PMID: 9815758.

1460: Nichols M, Rientjes JM, Logie C, Stewart AF. FLP recombinase/estrogen receptor fusion proteins require the receptor D domain for responsiveness to antagonists, but not agonists. Mol Endocrinol. 1997 Jun;11(7):950-61. PubMed PMID: 9178754.

1461: Cheskis BJ, Karathanasis S, Lyttle CR. Estrogen receptor ligands modulate its interaction with DNA. J Biol Chem. 1997 Apr 25;272(17):11384-91. PubMed PMID: 9111047.

1462: Prall OW, Sarcevic B, Musgrove EA, Watts CK, Sutherland RL. Estrogen-induced activation of Cdk4 and Cdk2 during G1-S phase progression is accompanied by increased cyclin D1 expression and decreased cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor association with cyclin E-Cdk2. J Biol Chem. 1997 Apr 18;272(16):10882-94. PubMed PMID: 9099745.

1463: Dipippo VA, Powers CA. Tamoxifen and ICI 182,780 interactions with thyroid hormone in the ovariectomized-thyroidectomized rat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Apr;281(1):142-8. PubMed PMID: 9103491.

1464: Collins BM, McLachlan JA, Arnold SF. The estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of phytochemicals with the human estrogen receptor expressed in yeast. Steroids. 1997 Apr;62(4):365-72. PubMed PMID: 9090797.

1465: Lundeen SG, Carver JM, McKean ML, Winneker RC. Characterization of the ovariectomized rat model for the evaluation of estrogen effects on plasma cholesterol levels. Endocrinology. 1997 Apr;138(4):1552-8. PubMed PMID: 9075715.

1466: Montano MM, Katzenellenbogen BS. The quinone reductase gene: a unique estrogen receptor-regulated gene that is activated by antiestrogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Mar 18;94(6):2581-6. PubMed PMID: 9122238; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC20131.

1467: Levenson AS, Catherino WH, Jordan VC. Estrogenic activity is increased for an antiestrogen by a natural mutation of the estrogen receptor. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1997 Mar;60(5-6):261-8. PubMed PMID: 9219916.

1468: Li XJ, Yu H, Koide SS. Effect of mifepristone and antiestrogens on uterine PGF2 alpha and PGE2 concentrations in ovariectomized and pregnant rats. Prostaglandins. 1997 Mar;53(3):187-97. PubMed PMID: 9206800.

1469: Hilakivi-Clarke L, Cho E, Raygada M, Kenney N. Alterations in mammary gland development following neonatal exposure to estradiol, transforming growth factor alpha, and estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780. J Cell Physiol. 1997 Mar;170(3):279-89. PubMed PMID: 9066785.

1470: Madsen MW, Reiter BE, Larsen SS, Briand P, Lykkesfeldt AE. Estrogen receptor messenger RNA splice variants are not involved in antiestrogen resistance in sublines of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 1997 Feb 15;57(4):585-9. PubMed PMID: 9044830.

1471: Gradishar WJ, Jordan VC. Clinical potential of new antiestrogens. J Clin Oncol. 1997 Feb;15(2):840-52. Review. PubMed PMID: 9053512.

1472: Dewhurst LO, Gee JW, Rennie IG, MacNeil S. Tamoxifen, 17beta-oestradiol and the calmodulin antagonist J8 inhibit human melanoma cell invasion through fibronectin. Br J Cancer. 1997;75(6):860-8. PubMed PMID: 9062408; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2063402.

1473: Huynh H, Nickerson T, Pollak M, Yang X. Regulation of insulin-like growth factor I receptor expression by the pure antiestrogen ICI 182780. Clin Cancer Res. 1996 Dec;2(12):2037-42. PubMed PMID: 9816164.

1474: Van de Velde P, Nique F, Planchon P, Prévost G, Brémaud J, Hameau MC, Magnien V, Philibert D, Teutsch G. RU 58668: further in vitro and in vivo pharmacological data related to its antitumoral activity. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1996 Dec;59(5-6):449-57. PubMed PMID: 9010350.

1475: Xu Y, Song J, Berelowitz M, Bruno JF. Estrogen regulates somatostatin receptor subtype 2 messenger ribonucleic acid expression in human breast cancer cells. Endocrinology. 1996 Dec;137(12):5634-40. PubMed PMID: 8940394.

1476: Chou TM, Sudhir K, Hutchison SJ, Ko E, Amidon TM, Collins P, Chatterjee K. Testosterone induces dilation of canine coronary conductance and resistance arteries in vivo. Circulation. 1996 Nov 15;94(10):2614-9. PubMed PMID: 8921808.

1477: De Vincenzo R, Scambia G, Benedetti Panici P, Fattorossi A, Bonanno G, Ferlini C, Isola G, Pernisco S, Mancuso S. Modulatory effect of tamoxifen and ICI 182,780 on adriamycin resistance in MCF-7 human breast-cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 1996 Nov 4;68(3):340-8. PubMed PMID: 8903476.

1478: Fuchs-Young R, Howe S, Hale L, Miles R, Walker C. Inhibition of estrogen-stimulated growth of uterine leiomyomas by selective estrogen receptor modulators. Mol Carcinog. 1996 Nov;17(3):151-9. PubMed PMID: 8944075.

1479: Huynh H, Yang XF, Pollak M. A role for insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 in the antiproliferative action of the antiestrogen ICI 182780. Cell Growth Differ. 1996 Nov;7(11):1501-6. PubMed PMID: 8930399.

1480: Oh HS, Smart RC. An estrogen receptor pathway regulates the telogen-anagen hair follicle transition and influences epidermal cell proliferation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Oct 29;93(22):12525-30. PubMed PMID: 8901615; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC38025.

1481: Sonnenschein C, Soto AM, Michaelson CL. Human serum albumin shares the properties of estrocolyone-I, the inhibitor of the proliferation of estrogen-target cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1996 Oct;59(2):147-54. PubMed PMID: 9010329.

1482: Dao B, Vanage G, Marshall A, Bardin CW, Koide SS. Anti-implantation activity of antiestrogens and mifepristone. Contraception. 1996 Oct;54(4):253-8. PubMed PMID: 8922879.

1483: Lee PC, Lee W. In vivo estrogenic action of nonylphenol in immature female rats. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1996 Sep;57(3):341-8. PubMed PMID: 8672068.

1484: Hafner F, Holler E, von Angerer E. Effect of growth factors on estrogen receptor mediated gene expression. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1996 Jul;58(4):385-93. PubMed PMID: 8903422.

1485: Sahlin L, Eriksson H. Influence of blockers for the estrogen receptor (ER) and type 1 IGF-receptor on the levels of ER, ER mRNA and IGF-I mRNA in the rat uterus. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1996 Jul;58(4):359-65. PubMed PMID: 8903419.

1486: Watson H, Franks S, Bonney RC. Regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor synthesis by ovarian steroids in human endometrial cells in culture. J Reprod Fertil. 1996 Jul;107(2):199-205. PubMed PMID: 8882285.

1487: Rossi F, McNagny KM, Logie C, Stewart AF, Graf T. Excision of Ets by an inducible site-specific recombinase causes differentiation of Myb-Ets-transformed hematopoietic progenitors. Curr Biol. 1996 Jul 1;6(7):866-72. PubMed PMID: 8805301.

1488: Howell A, DeFriend DJ, Robertson JF, Blamey RW, Anderson L, Anderson E, Sutcliffe FA, Walton P. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacological and anti-tumour effects of the specific anti-oestrogen ICI 182780 in women with advanced breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 1996 Jul;74(2):300-8. PubMed PMID: 8688341; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2074590.

1489: Williams JP, Blair HC, McKenna MA, Jordan SE, McDonald JM. Regulation of avian osteoclastic H+ -ATPase and bone resorption by tamoxifen and calmodulin antagonists. Effects independent of steroid receptors. J Biol Chem. 1996 May 24;271(21):12488-95. PubMed PMID: 8647856.

1490: Pink JJ, Jordan VC. Models of estrogen receptor regulation by estrogens and antiestrogens in breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 1996 May 15;56(10):2321-30. PubMed PMID: 8625307.

1491: Foster JS, Wimalasena J. Estrogen regulates activity of cyclin-dependent kinases and retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation in breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol. 1996 May;10(5):488-98. PubMed PMID: 8732680.

1492: de Vincenzo R, Scambia G, Benedetti Panici P, Bonanno G, Ercoli A, Fattorossi A, Pernisco S, Isola G, Mancuso S. Chemosensitizing effect of tamoxifen and ICI 182,780 on parental and adriamycin-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Apr 30;784:517-20. PubMed PMID: 8651609.

1493: Biberger C, von Angerer E. 2-Phenylindoles with sulfur containing side chains. Estrogen receptor affinity, antiestrogenic potency, and antitumor activity. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1996 Apr;58(1):31-43. PubMed PMID: 8809184.

1494: Addeo R, Altucci L, Battista T, Bonapace IM, Cancemi M, Cicatiello L, Germano D, Pacilio C, Salzano S, Bresciani F, Weisz A. Stimulation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells with estrogen prevents cell cycle arrest by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Mar 27;220(3):864-70. PubMed PMID: 8607857.

1495: Dumont JA, Bitonti AJ, Wallace CD, Baumann RJ, Cashman EA, Cross-Doersen DE. Progression of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to antiestrogen-resistant phenotype is accompanied by elevated levels of AP-1 DNA-binding activity. Cell Growth Differ. 1996 Mar;7(3):351-9. PubMed PMID: 8838865.

1496: McClelland RA, Gee JM, Francis AB, Robertson JF, Blamey RW, Wakeling AE, Nicholson RI. Short-term effects of pure anti-oestrogen ICI 182780 treatment on oestrogen receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor and transforming growth factor-alpha protein expression in human breast cancer. Eur J Cancer. 1996 Mar;32A(3):413-6. PubMed PMID: 8814683.

1497: Mendes AF, Caramona MM, Lopes MC. Changes in the subcellular distribution of the rat uterus oestrogen receptor as induced by oestradiol, tamoxifen and ZD 182,780. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1996 Mar;48(3):302-5. PubMed PMID: 8737058.

1498: Rajah TT, Dunn ST, Pento JT. The influence of antiestrogens on pS2 and cathepsin D mRNA induction in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 1996 Mar-Apr;16(2):837-42. PubMed PMID: 8687138.

1499: Bliss RD, Kirby JA, Browell DA, Lennard TW. Inhibition of endothelial adhesion and invasion by breast carcinoma cells may contribute towards the anti-metastatic effects of tamoxifen. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1996 Feb;22(1):27-33. PubMed PMID: 8846862.

1500: Yu HM, Li XJ, Koide SS. Regulation of a uterine 250 kDa protein by estradiol and antiestrogens. Endocr Res. 1996 Feb;22(1):29-41. PubMed PMID: 8690005.

1501: Huynh H, Yang X, Pollak M. Estradiol and antiestrogens regulate a growth inhibitory insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 autocrine loop in human breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem. 1996 Jan 12;271(2):1016-21. PubMed PMID: 8557625.

1502: McClelland RA, Manning DL, Gee JM, Anderson E, Clarke R, Howell A, Dowsett M, Robertson JF, Blamey RW, Wakeling AE, Nicholson RI. Effects of short-term antiestrogen treatment of primary breast cancer on estrogen receptor mRNA and protein expression and on estrogen-regulated genes. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1996;41(1):31-41. PubMed PMID: 8932874.

1503: Branham WS, Fishman R, Streck RD, Medlock KL, De George JJ, Sheehan DM. ICI 182,780 inhibits endogenous estrogen-dependent rat uterine growth and tamoxifen-induced developmental toxicity. Biol Reprod. 1996 Jan;54(1):160-7. PubMed PMID: 8838013.

1504: Watts CK, Brady A, Sarcevic B, deFazio A, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL. Antiestrogen inhibition of cell cycle progression in breast cancer cells in associated with inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase activity and decreased retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation. Mol Endocrinol. 1995 Dec;9(12):1804-13. PubMed PMID: 8614416.

1505: Castagnetta LA, Montesanti AM, Granata OM, Oliveri G, Sorci CM, Amodio R, Liquori M, Carruba G. 17 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in endometrial cancer cells: different metabolic pathways of estradiol in hormone-responsive and non-responsive intact cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1995 Dec;55(5-6):573-9. PubMed PMID: 8547184.

1506: Newton CJ. Estrogen receptor blockade by the pure antiestrogen, ZM 182780, induces death of pituitary tumour cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1995 Dec;55(3-4):327-36. PubMed PMID: 8541229.

1507: de Cupis A, Noonan D, Pirani P, Ferrera A, Clerico L, Favoni RE. Comparison between novel steroid-like and conventional nonsteroidal antioestrogens in inhibiting oestradiol- and IGF-I-induced proliferation of human breast cancer-derived cells. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Nov;116(5):2391-400. PubMed PMID: 8581274; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1909063.

1508: Catherino WH, Jordan VC. Nomegestrol acetate, a clinically useful 19-norprogesterone derivative which lacks estrogenic activity. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1995 Nov;55(2):239-46. PubMed PMID: 7495704.

1509: Wang H, Peters GA, Zeng X, Tang M, Ip W, Khan SA. Yeast two-hybrid system demonstrates that estrogen receptor dimerization is ligand-dependent in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1995 Oct 6;270(40):23322-9. PubMed PMID: 7559488.

1510: Blin C, L'Horset F, Leclerc T, Lambert M, Colnot S, Thomasset M, Perret C. Contrasting effects of tamoxifen and ICI 182 780 on estrogen-induced calbindin-D 9k gene expression in the uterus and in primary culture of myometrial cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1995 Oct;55(1):1-7. PubMed PMID: 7577712.

1511: Johnson DC, Banerjee S, Chatterjee S. Estradiol and chlordecone (Kepone) decrease adenosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate concentrations in the ovariectomized immature rat uterus. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1995 Oct;210(1):33-8. PubMed PMID: 7545817.

1512: Purohit A, Williams GJ, Roberts CJ, Potter BV, Reed MJ. In vivo inhibition of oestrone sulphatase and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphatase by oestrone-3-O-sulphamate. Int J Cancer. 1995 Sep 27;63(1):106-11. PubMed PMID: 7558436.

1513: Hayashi T, Yamada K, Esaki T, Kuzuya M, Satake S, Ishikawa T, Hidaka H, Iguchi A. Estrogen increases endothelial nitric oxide by a receptor-mediated system. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Sep 25;214(3):847-55. PubMed PMID: 7575554.

1514: Ma ZQ, Violani E, Villa F, Picotti GB, Maggi A. Estrogenic control of monoamine oxidase A activity in human neuroblastoma cells expressing physiological concentrations of estrogen receptor. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Sep 15;284(1-2):171-6. PubMed PMID: 8549621.

1515: Parisot JP, Hu XF, Sutherland RL, Wakeling A, Zalcberg JR, DeLuise M. The pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 binds to a high-affinity site distinct from the estrogen receptor. Int J Cancer. 1995 Aug 9;62(4):480-4. PubMed PMID: 7635575.

1516: Zhang JJ, Jacob TJ, Hardy SP, Higgins CF, Valverde MA. Lens opacification by antioestrogens: tamoxifen vs ICI 182,780. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Aug;115(8):1347-8. PubMed PMID: 8564190; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1908879.

1517: Catherino WH, Wolf DM, Jordan VC. A naturally occurring estrogen receptor mutation results in increased estrogenicity of a tamoxifen analog. Mol Endocrinol. 1995 Aug;9(8):1053-63. PubMed PMID: 7476979.

1518: Carruba G, Miceli D, D'Amico D, Farruggio R, Comito L, Montesanti A, Polito L, Castagnetta LA. Sex steroids up-regulate E-cadherin expression in hormone-responsive LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Jul 17;212(2):624-31. Erratum in: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995 Sep 25;214(3):1269. PubMed PMID: 7626077.

1519: Dibbs KI, Sadovsky Y, Li XJ, Koide SS, Adler S, Fuchs AR. Estrogenic activity of RU 486 (mifepristone) in rat uterus and cultured uterine myocytes. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Jul;173(1):134-40. PubMed PMID: 7631670.

1520: Nicholson RI, Gee JM, Manning DL, Wakeling AE, Montano MM, Katzenellenbogen BS. Responses to pure antiestrogens (ICI 164384, ICI 182780) in estrogen-sensitive and -resistant experimental and clinical breast cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1995 Jun 12;761:148-63. Review. PubMed PMID: 7625718.

1521: Osborne CK, Coronado-Heinsohn EB, Hilsenbeck SG, McCue BL, Wakeling AE, McClelland RA, Manning DL, Nicholson RI. Comparison of the effects of a pure steroidal antiestrogen with those of tamoxifen in a model of human breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995 May 17;87(10):746-50. PubMed PMID: 7563152.

1522: Lykkesfeldt AE, Larsen SS, Briand P. Human breast cancer cell lines resistant to pure anti-estrogens are sensitive to tamoxifen treatment. Int J Cancer. 1995 May 16;61(4):529-34. PubMed PMID: 7759159.

1523: Wilson JW, Wakeling AE, Morris ID, Hickman JA, Dive C. MCF-7 human mammary adenocarcinoma cell death in vitro in response to hormone-withdrawal and DNA damage. Int J Cancer. 1995 May 16;61(4):502-8. PubMed PMID: 7759156.

1524: Mellor SJ, Thomas EJ. Interactions between oestradiol and epidermal growth factor in endometrial stromal proliferation and differentiation. J Reprod Fertil. 1995 May;104(1):157-64. PubMed PMID: 7636797.

1525: Howell A, Robertson J. Response to a specific antioestrogen (ICI 182780) in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. Lancet. 1995 Apr 15;345(8955):989-90. PubMed PMID: 7772169.

1526: Hendrix EM, Myatt L, Sellers S, Russell PT, Larsen WJ. Steroid hormone regulation of rat myometrial gap junction formation: effects on cx43 levels and trafficking. Biol Reprod. 1995 Mar;52(3):547-60. PubMed PMID: 7756450.

1527: Dowsett M, Johnston SR, Iveson TJ, Smith IE. Response to specific anti-oestrogen (ICI182780) in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. Lancet. 1995 Feb 25;345(8948):525. PubMed PMID: 7861903.

1528: Dowsett M, Howell R, Salter J, Thomas NM, Thomas EJ. Effects of the pure anti-oestrogen ICI 182780 on oestrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and Ki67 antigen in human endometrium in vivo. Hum Reprod. 1995 Feb;10(2):262-7. PubMed PMID: 7769049.

1529: Kremer M, Judd J, Rifkin B, Auszmann J, Oursler MJ. Estrogen modulation of osteoclast lysosomal enzyme secretion. J Cell Biochem. 1995 Feb;57(2):271-9. PubMed PMID: 7759564.

1530: Morales DE, McGowan KA, Grant DS, Maheshwari S, Bhartiya D, Cid MC, Kleinman HK, Schnaper HW. Estrogen promotes angiogenic activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro and in a murine model. Circulation. 1995 Feb 1;91(3):755-63. PubMed PMID: 7530174.

1531: Howell A, DeFriend D, Robertson J, Blamey R, Walton P. Response to a specific antioestrogen (ICI 182780) in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. Lancet. 1995 Jan 7;345(8941):29-30. PubMed PMID: 7799704.

1532: Nichols JE, Bulun SE, Simpson ER. Effects of conditioned medium from different cultured cell types on aromatase expression in adipose stromal cells. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 1995 Jan-Feb;2(1):45-50. PubMed PMID: 9420848.

1533: Newton CJ, Arzt E, Stalla GK. Involvement of the estrogen receptor in the growth response of pituitary tumor cells to interleukin-2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Dec 30;205(3):1930-7. PubMed PMID: 7811284.

1534: Yang LS, Marshall A, Koide SS. Differential effect of estrogen on the production of cyclin B1, cdc2 p34 and c-fos protein in rat uterus. Endocr Res. 1994 Nov;20(4):377-86. PubMed PMID: 7882899.

1535: Thomas EJ, Walton PL, Thomas NM, Dowsett M. The effects of ICI 182,780, a pure anti-oestrogen, on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and on endometrial proliferation in pre-menopausal women. Hum Reprod. 1994 Nov;9(11):1991-6. PubMed PMID: 7868662.

1536: Xu X, Thomas ML. Estrogen receptor-mediated direct stimulation of colon cancer cell growth in vitro. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1994 Nov;105(2):197-201. PubMed PMID: 7859926.

1537: Cavaillès V, Dauvois S, Danielian PS, Parker MG. Interaction of proteins with transcriptionally active estrogen receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Oct 11;91(21):10009-13. PubMed PMID: 7937828; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC44947.

1538: Hayashi T, Ishikawa T, Yamada K, Kuzuya M, Naito M, Hidaka H, Iguchi A. Biphasic effect of estrogen on neuronal constitutive nitric oxide synthase via Ca(2+)-calmodulin dependent mechanism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Sep 15;203(2):1013-9. PubMed PMID: 7522439.

1539: Yang LS, Marshall A, Dao B, Koide SS. Synthesis and secretion of an estrus stage-specific protein by rat uterus. Cell Biol Int. 1994 Sep;18(9):889-95. PubMed PMID: 8000362.

1540: DeFriend DJ, Anderson E, Bell J, Wilks DP, West CM, Mansel RE, Howell A. Effects of 4-hydroxytamoxifen and a novel pure antioestrogen (ICI 182780) on the clonogenic growth of human breast cancer cells in vitro. Br J Cancer. 1994 Aug;70(2):204-11. PubMed PMID: 8054267; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2033516.

1541: New antiestrogen shows promise in ER-positive breast cancers. Oncology (Williston Park). 1994 Aug;8(8):58. PubMed PMID: 7947003.

1542: Ma ZQ, Santagati S, Patrone C, Pollio G, Vegeto E, Maggi A. Insulin-like growth factors activate estrogen receptor to control the growth and differentiation of the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-ER3. Mol Endocrinol. 1994 Jul;8(7):910-8. PubMed PMID: 7984152.

1543: James SY, Mackay AG, Binderup L, Colston KW. Effects of a new synthetic vitamin D analogue, EB1089, on the oestrogen-responsive growth of human breast cancer cells. J Endocrinol. 1994 Jun;141(3):555-63. PubMed PMID: 8071654.

1544: Newton CJ, Trapp T, Pagotto U, Renner U, Buric R, Stalla GK. The oestrogen receptor modulates growth of pituitary tumour cells in the absence of exogenous oestrogen. J Mol Endocrinol. 1994 Jun;12(3):303-12. PubMed PMID: 7916969.

1545: Coradini D, Biffi A, Cappelletti V, Di Fronzo G. Activity of tamoxifen and new antiestrogens on estrogen receptor positive and negative breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 1994 May-Jun;14(3A):1059-64. PubMed PMID: 8074450.

1546: Newton CJ, Buric R, Trapp T, Brockmeier S, Pagotto U, Stalla GK. The unliganded estrogen receptor (ER) transduces growth factor signals. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1994 Apr;48(5-6):481-6. PubMed PMID: 8180109.

1547: Lykkesfeldt AE, Madsen MW, Briand P. Altered expression of estrogen-regulated genes in a tamoxifen-resistant and ICI 164,384 and ICI 182,780 sensitive human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7/TAMR-1. Cancer Res. 1994 Mar 15;54(6):1587-95. PubMed PMID: 8137264.

1548: Van de Velde P, Nique F, Bouchoux F, Brémaud J, Hameau MC, Lucas D, Moratille C, Viet S, Philibert D, Teutsch G. RU 58,668, a new pure antiestrogen inducing a regression of human mammary carcinoma implanted in nude mice. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1994 Feb;48(2-3):187-96. PubMed PMID: 8142294.

1549: Croxtall JD, Emmas C, White JO, Choudhary Q, Flower RJ. Tamoxifen inhibits growth of oestrogen receptor-negative A549 cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jan 20;47(2):197-202. PubMed PMID: 8304964.

1550: Coopman P, Garcia M, Brünner N, Derocq D, Clarke R, Rochefort H. Anti-proliferative and anti-estrogenic effects of ICI 164,384 and ICI 182,780 in 4-OH-tamoxifen-resistant human breast-cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 1994 Jan 15;56(2):295-300. PubMed PMID: 8314314.

1551: DeFriend DJ, Howell A, Nicholson RI, Anderson E, Dowsett M, Mansel RE, Blamey RW, Bundred NJ, Robertson JF, Saunders C, et al. Investigation of a new pure antiestrogen (ICI 182780) in women with primary breast cancer. Cancer Res. 1994 Jan 15;54(2):408-14. PubMed PMID: 8275477.

1552: Langdon SP, Crew AJ, Ritchie AA, Muir M, Wakeling A, Smyth JF, Miller WR. Growth inhibition of oestrogen receptor-positive human ovarian carcinoma by anti-oestrogens in vitro and in a xenograft model. Eur J Cancer. 1994;30A(5):682-6. PubMed PMID: 8080688.

1553: Wade GN, Powers JB, Blaustein JD, Green DE. ICI 182,780 antagonizes the effects of estradiol on estrous behavior and energy balance in Syrian hamsters. Am J Physiol. 1993 Dec;265(6 Pt 2):R1399-403. PubMed PMID: 8285283.

1554: Wade GN, Blaustein JD, Gray JM, Meredith JM. ICI 182,780: a pure antiestrogen that affects behaviors and energy balance in rats without acting in the brain. Am J Physiol. 1993 Dec;265(6 Pt 2):R1392-8. PubMed PMID: 8285282.

1555: Gallagher A, Chambers TJ, Tobias JH. The estrogen antagonist ICI 182,780 reduces cancellous bone volume in female rats. Endocrinology. 1993 Dec;133(6):2787-91. PubMed PMID: 8243306.

1556: Huynh HT, Pollak M. Insulin-like growth factor I gene expression in the uterus is stimulated by tamoxifen and inhibited by the pure antiestrogen ICI 182780. Cancer Res. 1993 Dec 1;53(23):5585-8. PubMed PMID: 8242606.

1557: Dauvois S, White R, Parker MG. The antiestrogen ICI 182780 disrupts estrogen receptor nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. J Cell Sci. 1993 Dec;106 ( Pt 4):1377-88. PubMed PMID: 8126115.

1558: Hu XF, Veroni M, De Luise M, Wakeling A, Sutherland R, Watts CK, Zalcberg JR. Circumvention of tamoxifen resistance by the pure anti-estrogen ICI 182,780. Int J Cancer. 1993 Nov 11;55(5):873-6. PubMed PMID: 8244585.

1559: Pratt SE, Pollak MN. Estrogen and antiestrogen modulation of MCF7 human breast cancer cell proliferation is associated with specific alterations in accumulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in conditioned media. Cancer Res. 1993 Nov 1;53(21):5193-8. PubMed PMID: 7693333.

1560: Dukes M, Waterton JC, Wakeling AE. Antiuterotrophic effects of the pure antioestrogen ICI 182,780 in adult female monkeys (Macaca nemestrina): quantitative magnetic resonance imaging. J Endocrinol. 1993 Aug;138(2):203-10. PubMed PMID: 8228728.

1561: Brünner N, Frandsen TL, Holst-Hansen C, Bei M, Thompson EW, Wakeling AE, Lippman ME, Clarke R. MCF7/LCC2: a 4-hydroxytamoxifen resistant human breast cancer variant that retains sensitivity to the steroidal antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Cancer Res. 1993 Jul 15;53(14):3229-32. PubMed PMID: 8324732.

1562: Waterton JC, Breen SA, Dukes M, Horrocks M, Wadsworth PF. A case of adenomyosis in a pigtailed monkey diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging and treated with the novel pure antiestrogen, ICI 182,780. Lab Anim Sci. 1993 Jun;43(3):247-51. PubMed PMID: 8355486.

1563: Poyser NL. Effects of onapristone, tamoxifen and ICI 182780 on uterine prostaglandin production and luteal function in nonpregnant guinea-pigs. J Reprod Fertil. 1993 May;98(1):307-12. PubMed PMID: 8345476.

1564: Gagliardi A, Collins DC. Inhibition of angiogenesis by antiestrogens. Cancer Res. 1993 Feb 1;53(3):533-5. PubMed PMID: 7678775.

1565: Manning DL, Nicholson RI. Isolation of pMGT1: a gene that is repressed by oestrogen and increased by antioestrogens and antiprogestins. Eur J Cancer. 1993;29A(5):759-62. PubMed PMID: 8471335.

1566: Chatterjee S, Johnson DC. Contrasting action of antiestrogen (ICI-182780) for preventing initiation of embryo implantation by estradiol or epidermal growth factor (EGF). Life Sci. 1993;53(21):1625-30. PubMed PMID: 8231640.

1567: Parker MG. Action of "pure" antiestrogens in inhibiting estrogen receptor action. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1993;26(2):131-7. PubMed PMID: 8219250.

1568: Zalcberg JR, Hu XF, Ching M, Wakeling A, Wall DM, Marschner IC, de Luise M. Differential effects of estrogen, tamoxifen and the pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 in human drug-resistant leukemia cell lines. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1993;33(2):123-9. PubMed PMID: 7903222.

1569: Dukes M, Miller D, Wakeling AE, Waterton JC. Antiuterotrophic effects of a pure antioestrogen, ICI 182,780: magnetic resonance imaging of the uterus in ovariectomized monkeys. J Endocrinol. 1992 Nov;135(2):239-47. PubMed PMID: 1474330.

1570: Wakeling AE, Bowler J. ICI 182,780, a new antioestrogen with clinical potential. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1992 Sep;43(1-3):173-7. Review. PubMed PMID: 1525058.

1571: Wakeling AE, Bowler J. Development of novel oestrogen-receptor antagonists. Biochem Soc Trans. 1991 Nov;19(4):899-901. Review. PubMed PMID: 1794580.

1572: Wakeling AE, Dukes M, Bowler J. A potent specific pure antiestrogen with clinical potential. Cancer Res. 1991 Aug 1;51(15):3867-73. PubMed PMID: 1855205.